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Template:character info/new

Translingual

Alternative forms

Han character

(Kangxi radical 18, +6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 木月中弓 (DBLN), four-corner 52900, composition )

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 139, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1969
  • Dae Jaweon: page 316, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 333, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+523A

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Pronunciation 1



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (14)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tshjeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡sʰiᴇH/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡sʰiɛH/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡sʰjɛH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡sʰiə̆H/
Li
Rong
/t͡sʰieH/
Wang
Li
/t͡sʰǐeH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡sʰie̯H/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ci3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ tshjeH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[tsʰ]ek-s/
English sharp point, thorn

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 1746
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sʰeɡs/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. a pointed structure which is able to pierce something (spike, spine, thorn, etc.)
  2. (archaic) visiting card
Descendants
Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: () (shi)

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (14)
Final () (123)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tshjek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡sʰiᴇk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡sʰiɛk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡sʰiæk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡sʰiajk̚/
Li
Rong
/t͡sʰiɛk̚/
Wang
Li
/t͡sʰĭɛk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡sʰi̯ɛk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
cik1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ tshjek ›
Old
Chinese
/*[tsʰ]ek/
English pierce, stab

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 1780
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sʰeɡ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. to stab; to prick
  2. to assassinate
  3. to criticize with pointed words

Pronunciation 3


Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. sound of rubbing

Pronunciation 4


Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. Only used in 刺促 (qìcù).

Compounds

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References

(deprecated template usage)


Japanese

Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

From Middle Chinese (MC tshjeH, “spike, thorn; calling card”):

  • Go-on: (shi, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: (shi, Jōyō)
  • Kun: とげ (toge, )

From Middle Chinese (MC tshjek, “prick, stab; criticize with pointed words”):

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
とげ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

*⟨to2ɡe2 → */təɡəɨ//toɡe/

From Proto-Japonic *tənkay.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

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Noun

(とげ) (toge

  1. a thorn, prickle
  2. a splinter
  3. a biting word

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
さ(し)
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of verb 刺す (sasu, to pierce; to prick, sting).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

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Noun

(さし) (sashi

  1. Short for 米刺 (komesashi): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  2. (historical) in the Edo period, a paper string used to store ぜに (zeni, round coins with a square hole in the center)
  3. Short for 刺身 (sashimi): sliced pieces of fish or other meat

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
いら
Grade: S
irregular

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

Noun

(いら) (ira

  1. a thorn, prickle
  2. the spine (needle-like structure) of a fish's dorsal fin
  3. Short for 刺草 (irakusa): nettle
  4. Short for 刺虫 (iramushi): the larva of the 刺蛾 (iraga, Lua error in Module:parameters at line 848: Parameter "ver" is not used by this template.), a species of moth
  5. the horn-like projections of 金平糖 (konpeitō, sugar candy of varying colors and flavors)
  6. Synonym of 水母 (kurage): a jellyfish
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term

Grade: S
on'yomi

/si//ɕi/

From Middle Chinese (MC tshjeH).

Pronunciation

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Noun

() (shi

  1. a thorn, prickle, needle
  2. a calling card, name card
    Synonyms: 名札 (nafuda), 名刺 (meishi)

Affix

() (shi

  1. stab, prick
  2. criticize with pointed words
  3. spike, thorn
  4. name card
Derived terms

References



Korean

Hanja

(ja, cheok, che) (hangeul , , , McCune–Reischauer cha, ch'ŏk, ch'e, Yale ca, chek, chey)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: thích, thứ, chích

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.