呼吸

Chinese

Wikipedia ^zh

		to call; to cry; to shout to call; to cry; to shout; to breath out; to exhale	to breathe; to suck in; to absorb to breathe; to suck in; to absorb; to inhale
simp. and trad. (呼吸)		呼	吸

Etymology

From 呼 ("to breathe out") + 吸 ("to breathe in").

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hūxī

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨ ㄒㄧ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fu¹ kap¹
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): fû-khip
• Min Dong (BUC): hù-ngék
• Min Nan (POJ): ho͘-khip
• Wu (WT Romanisation): hu xiq (T1)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: hūxī
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨ ㄒㄧ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hushi
    • IPA ^(key): /xu⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

    • (file)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fu¹ kap¹
    • Yale: fū kāp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fu¹ kap⁷
    • IPA ^(key): /fuː⁵⁵ kʰɐp̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fû-khip
    • IPA (Siyen, including Miaoli): /fu²⁴ kʰip̚²/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hù-ngék
    • IPA ^(key): /hu⁵³⁻²¹ ŋeiʔ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ho͘-khip
    • Tâi-lô: ho͘-khip
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰip̚³²/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ³⁴⁻²² kʰip̚³²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • WT Romanisation: hu xiq (T1)
    • IPA ^(key): /hɯ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɪʔ²¹/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (呼吸, reconstructed)
Character (呼), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 曉 (32) Final: 模 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 荒烏切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/huo/	/xuo/	/xo/	/huo/	/hɔ/	/xu/	/xo/
Character (吸), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 曉 (32) Final: 緝 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Checked (Ø)			Fanqie: 許及切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/hiɪp̚/	/xi̯əp̚/	/xiəp̚/	/hip̚/	/hip̚/	/xĭĕp̚/	/xjep̚/

Old Chinese pronunciation (呼吸, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
呼								hū								‹ xu ›								/*qʰˤa/								call out, shout
呼								hù								‹ xuH ›								/*qʰˤa-s/								call out, shout
吸								xī								‹ xip ›								/*qʰ(r)əp/								inhale
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
呼					5181					乎					魚					0					呼					/*qʰaː/
吸					5667					及					緝					1					吸					/*qʰrɯb/

Definitions

呼吸

1. to breathe; breath

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 深呼吸 ("deep breath")

• 人工呼吸 ("artificial respiration; mouth-to-mouth")

• 呼吸道 ("respiratory tract")

• 呼吸器 ("respiratory organ; breather")

• 呼吸作用 ("respiration")

• 呼吸器官 ("respiratory organ")

• 睡眠呼吸暫停／睡眠呼吸暂停 ("sleep apnea")

• 呼吸系統／呼吸系统 ("respiratory system")

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (呼吸):

•  Japanese: 呼吸 (こきゅう, kokyū)
•  Korean: 호흡 (呼吸, hoheup)
•  Vietnamese: hô hấp (呼吸)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
呼	吸
こ Grade: 6	きゅう Grade: 6
on'yomi

Noun

呼吸 (hiragana こきゅう, romaji kokyū)

1. a breath
2. respiration
3. knack; the trick (to something)

Derived terms

• 深呼吸
• 呼吸音

See also

• 吐く (はく, haku)
• 息 (いき, iki)

Verb

呼吸 + する (hiragana こきゅうする, romaji kokyū suru)

1. breathe, respire

Conjugation

Conjugation of "呼吸する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	呼吸し	こきゅうし	kokyū shi
Continuative (連用形)	呼吸し	こきゅうし	kokyū shi
Terminal (終止形)	呼吸する	こきゅうする	kokyū suru
Attributive (連体形)	呼吸する	こきゅうする	kokyū suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	呼吸すれ	こきゅうすれ	kokyū sure
Imperative (命令形)	呼吸せよ¹ 呼吸しろ²	こきゅうせよ¹ こきゅうしろ²	kokyū seyo¹ kokyū shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	呼吸される	こきゅうされる	kokyū sareru
Causative	呼吸させる 呼吸さす	こきゅうさせる こきゅうさす	kokyū saseru kokyū sasu
Potential	呼吸できる	こきゅうできる	kokyū dekiru
Volitional	呼吸しよう	こきゅうしよう	kokyū shiyō
Negative	呼吸しない	こきゅうしない	kokyū shinai
Negative continuative	呼吸せず	こきゅうせず	kokyū sezu
Formal	呼吸します	こきゅうします	kokyū shimasu
Perfective	呼吸した	こきゅうした	kokyū shita
Conjunctive	呼吸して	こきゅうして	kokyū shite
Hypothetical conditional	呼吸すれば	こきゅうすれば	kokyū sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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Korean

Hanja in this word
呼	吸

Noun

呼吸 (hoheup) (hangeul 호흡)

1. Hanja form^? of 호흡, “breath”.

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this word
呼	吸

Noun

呼吸

1. Hán tự form of hô hấp, "to breathe"