慊

慊 U+614A, 慊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-614A ← 慉 [U+6149] CJK Unified Ideographs 態 → [U+614B]

Translingual

Han character

慊 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 心廿難金 (PTXC), four-corner 9803₇, composition ⿰忄兼)

1. to resent
2. contended
3. satisfied

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 398, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11051
• Dae Jaweon: page 737, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2339, character 4
• Unihan data for U+614A

Chinese

simp. and trad.		慊

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 慊
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (兼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
譧	*r'eːms
賺	*r'eːms
尲	*kreːm
鹻	*kreːmʔ
歉	*kʰreːms, *kʰreːmʔ, *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːms
槏	*kʰreːmʔ
鰜	*ɡreːm, *keːm
稴	*ɡreːm, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ, *ɡ·reːms, *ɡeːm
豏	*ɡreːmʔ, *ɡreːms
甉	*ɡreːmʔ, *ɡraːm
廉	*ɡ·rem
鎌	*ɡ·rem
鬑	*ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm
鐮	*ɡ·rem
簾	*ɡ·rem
薕	*ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm
蠊	*ɡ·rem
嬚	*ɡ·remʔ
溓	*ɡ·remʔ, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ
嵰	*kʰremʔ
隒	*ŋɡremʔ
熑	*ɡ·reːm
濂	*ɡ·reːm
燫	*ɡ·reːm
兼	*keːm, *keːms
縑	*keːm
鶼	*keːm
蒹	*keːm
搛	*keːm
謙	*kʰeːm
膁	*kʰeːmʔ
嗛	*kʰeːmʔ
慊	*kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːb
傔	*kʰeːms
馦	*qʰeːm
嫌	*ɡeːm
鼸	*ɡeːmʔ
尷	*kreːm

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiàn (qian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): him³, hip³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciàn
    • Wade–Giles: chʻien⁴
    • Yale: chyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiann
    • Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: him³, hip³
    • Yale: him, hip
    • Cantonese Pinyin: him³, hip⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: him³, hib³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiːm³³/, /hiːp̚³/

---

• Middle Chinese: khemX

Rime
Character	慊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	添 (157)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	苦簟切
Baxter	khemX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰemX/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰemX/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɛmX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰɛmX/
Li Rong	/kʰemX/
Wang Li	/kʰiemX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰiemX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	him2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰeːmʔ/, /*kʰeːb/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	慊	慊
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	6074	6081
Phonetic component	兼	兼
Rime group	談	盍
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	嗛
Old Chinese	/*kʰeːmʔ/	/*kʰeːb/

Definitions

慊

1. pleased, satisfied

   行有不慊於心，則餒矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
   行有不慊于心，则馁矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

   From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

   Xíng yǒu bú qiàn yú xīn, zé něi yǐ. [Pinyin]

   If one’s actions are done with dissatisfaction in the heart, it (referring to the 浩然之氣 previously mentioned) will be starved.

Japanese

Kanji

慊

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. satisfaction

Readings

• Go-on: きょう (kyō)^{←けふ (kefu, historical)}; けん (ken)^{←けむ (kemu, historical)}
• Kan-on: きょう (kyō)^{←けふ (kefu, historical)}; けん (ken)^{←けむ (kemu, historical)}
• Kun: うらむ (uramu, 慊む); あきたりる (akitariru)

Korean

Hanja

慊 • (gyeom, hyeop) (hangeul 겸, 협, revised gyeom, hyeop, McCune–Reischauer kyŏm, hyŏp, Yale kyem, hyep)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

慊: Hán Nôm readings: khiểm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation