嫌

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嫌 U+5ACC, 嫌
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5ACC
← 嫋
[U+5ACB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 嫍 →
[U+5ACD]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

嫌 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 女廿X金 (VTXC), four-corner 48437, composition ⿰女兼)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 269, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6618
  • Dae Jaweon: page 536, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1073, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5ACC

Chinese[edit]

trad. 嫌
simp. # 嫌
2nd round simp. 𢙝

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 嫌
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (兼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
譧 *r'eːms
賺 *r'eːms
尲 *kreːm
鹻 *kreːmʔ
歉 *kʰreːms, *kʰreːmʔ, *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːms
槏 *kʰreːmʔ
鰜 *ɡreːm, *keːm
稴 *ɡreːm, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ, *ɡ·reːms, *ɡeːm
豏 *ɡreːmʔ, *ɡreːms
甉 *ɡreːmʔ, *ɡraːm
廉 *ɡ·rem
鎌 *ɡ·rem
鬑 *ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm
鐮 *ɡ·rem
簾 *ɡ·rem
薕 *ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm
蠊 *ɡ·rem
嬚 *ɡ·remʔ
溓 *ɡ·remʔ, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ
嵰 *kʰremʔ
隒 *ŋɡremʔ
熑 *ɡ·reːm
濂 *ɡ·reːm
燫 *ɡ·reːm
兼 *keːm, *keːms
縑 *keːm
鶼 *keːm
蒹 *keːm
搛 *keːm
謙 *kʰeːm
膁 *kʰeːmʔ
嗛 *kʰeːmʔ
慊 *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːb
傔 *kʰeːms
馦 *qʰeːm
嫌 *ɡeːm
鼸 *ɡeːmʔ
尷 *kreːm

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡeːm): semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 兼 (OC *keːm, *keːms).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 嫌
Mandarin Beijing /ɕian³⁵/
Harbin /ɕian²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕian⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕiã⁴²/
Qingdao /ɕiã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɕian⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕiã²⁴/
Xining /ɕiã²⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕian⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕiɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɕian⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕiɛn²¹³/
Chengdu /ɕian³¹/
Guiyang /ɕian²¹/
Kunming /ɕiɛ̃³¹/
Nanjing /ɕien²⁴/
Hefei /ɕiĩ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕie̞¹³/ ～疑
/xæ¹³/ ～疼咧
Hohhot /ɕie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦi²³/
Suzhou /ɦiɪ¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦiẽ̞²¹³/
Wenzhou /ji³¹/
/ɦa³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕie⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ɕiẽ¹³/
Xiangtan /ɕiẽ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ɕiɛn⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /hiam¹¹/
Taoyuan /hiɑm¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jim²¹/
Nanning /jim²¹/
Hong Kong /jim²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /hiam³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /hieŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /hiam⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /hiam³¹/
Rime
Character 嫌
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 添 (157)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 戸兼切
Baxter hem
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦem/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦem/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣɛm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦɛm/
Li
Rong 		/ɣem/
Wang
Li 		/ɣiem/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɣiem/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xián
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jim4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 嫌
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xián
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hem ›
Old
Chinese 		/*N-kˁem/
English doubt, doubtful

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 嫌
Reading # 1/1
No. 6078
Phonetic
component 		兼
Rime
group 		談
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		嫌
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡeːm/

Definitions[edit]

嫌

  1. to be sick of; to be tired of; to be fed up with
  2. (Cantonese, transitive) to mind; to dislike; to be dissatisfied of
    後面個司機嫌我慢，就扒咗我頭。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    后面个司机嫌我慢，就扒咗我头。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    hau6 min6 go3 si1 gei1 jim4 ngo5 maan6, zau6 paa4 zo2 ngo5 tau4. [Jyutping]
    The driver behind me is disatisfied of me being so slow, so they cut in front of me.
  3. (literary, or in compounds) hatred; enmity; resentment; grudge
  4. (literary, or in compounds) to doubt; to suspect
  5. (literary, or in compounds) suspicion (the state of being suspected)
  6. (literary, or in compounds) to be similar to; to be about the same as; to approximate
  7. (literary, or in compounds) to guess; to surmise; to conjecture

Synonyms[edit]

  • (to doubt):
  • (suspicion):
  • (to be similar to):
  • (to guess):

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai 嫌
Kyūjitai
[1]
嫌󠄁
嫌+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
嫌󠄃
嫌+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji[edit]

嫌

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
嫌
いや
Grade: S
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 嫌 – see the following entry.
【いや】
[adjective] disagreeable, unpleasant, disgusting, offensive, abhorrent
[interjection] yuck, ew
Alternative spellings
厭, 厭や
(This term, 嫌, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References[edit]

  1. ^ “嫌”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2023

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 嫌 (MC hem).

Historical readings

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

嫌 (eumhun 싫어할 혐 (sireohal hyeom))

  1. Hanja form? of 혐 (“to hate”).
  2. Hanja form? of 혐 (“to suspect”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

嫌: Hán Nôm readings: hiềm, hem, hèm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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