嫌
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]嫌 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 女廿難金 (VTXC), four-corner 48437, composition ⿰女兼)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 269, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6618
- Dae Jaweon: page 536, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1073, character 8
- Unihan data for U+5ACC
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 嫌 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 嫌 | |
2nd round simp. | 𢙝 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 嫌 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
譧 | *r'eːms |
賺 | *r'eːms |
尲 | *kreːm |
鹻 | *kreːmʔ |
歉 | *kʰreːms, *kʰreːmʔ, *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːms |
槏 | *kʰreːmʔ |
鰜 | *ɡreːm, *keːm |
稴 | *ɡreːm, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ, *ɡ·reːms, *ɡeːm |
豏 | *ɡreːmʔ, *ɡreːms |
甉 | *ɡreːmʔ, *ɡraːm |
廉 | *ɡ·rem |
鎌 | *ɡ·rem |
鬑 | *ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm |
鐮 | *ɡ·rem |
簾 | *ɡ·rem |
薕 | *ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm |
蠊 | *ɡ·rem |
嬚 | *ɡ·remʔ |
溓 | *ɡ·remʔ, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ |
嵰 | *kʰremʔ |
隒 | *ŋɡremʔ |
熑 | *ɡ·reːm |
濂 | *ɡ·reːm |
燫 | *ɡ·reːm |
兼 | *keːm, *keːms |
縑 | *keːm |
鶼 | *keːm |
蒹 | *keːm |
搛 | *keːm |
謙 | *kʰeːm |
膁 | *kʰeːmʔ |
嗛 | *kʰeːmʔ |
慊 | *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːb |
傔 | *kʰeːms |
馦 | *qʰeːm |
嫌 | *ɡeːm |
鼸 | *ɡeːmʔ |
尷 | *kreːm |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɡeːm) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 兼 (OC *keːm, *keːms).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jim4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hiàm
- Northern Min (KCR): hǐng
- Eastern Min (BUC): hièng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6yi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sián
- Wade–Giles: hsien2
- Yale: syán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyan
- Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jim4
- Yale: yìhm
- Cantonese Pinyin: jim4
- Guangdong Romanization: yim4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiːm²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiàm
- Hakka Romanization System: hiamˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hiam2
- Sinological IPA: /hi̯am¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hǐng
- Sinological IPA (key): /xiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hièng
- Sinological IPA (key): /hieŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 嫌 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕian³⁵/ |
Harbin | /ɕian²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /ɕian⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /ɕiã⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /ɕiã⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ɕian⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /ɕiã²⁴/ | |
Xining | /ɕiã²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ɕian⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ɕiɛ̃n⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ɕian⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /ɕiɛn²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /ɕian³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /ɕian²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ɕiɛ̃³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /ɕien²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /ɕiĩ⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕie¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /ɕie̞¹³/ ~疑 /xæ¹³/ ~疼咧 | |
Hohhot | /ɕie³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ɦi²³/ |
Suzhou | /ɦiɪ¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ɦiẽ̞²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /ji³¹/ /ɦa³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ɕie⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | /ɕiɛ⁴⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ɕiẽ¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /ɕiẽ¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /ɕiɛn⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /hiam¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /hiɑm¹¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jim²¹/ |
Nanning | /jim²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /jim²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hiam³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /hieŋ⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xiŋ²¹/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /hiam⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /hiam³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: hem
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-kˤem/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡeːm/
Definitions
[edit]嫌
- to be sick of; to be tired of; to be fed up with
- (Cantonese, transitive) to mind; to dislike; to be dissatisfied of
- (literary, or in compounds) hatred; enmity; resentment; grudge
- (literary, or in compounds) to doubt; to suspect
- (literary, or in compounds) suspicion (the state of being suspected)
- (literary, or in compounds) to be similar to; to be about the same as; to approximate
- (literary, or in compounds) to guess; to surmise; to conjecture
Synonyms
[edit]- (to doubt):
- (suspicion):
- (to be similar to):
- (to guess):
- 估計/估计 (gūjì)
- 估量
- 假定 (jiǎdìng)
- 假想 (jiǎxiǎng)
- 假設/假设 (jiǎshè)
- 商量 (shāngliàng) (Classical Chinese)
- 忖度 (cǔnduó) (literary)
- 思裁 (sīcái) (literary)
- 想象 (xiǎngxiàng)
- 懸/悬 (xuán) (literary, or in compounds)
- 懸想/悬想 (xuánxiǎng)
- 懷疑/怀疑 (huáiyí)
- 打估 (Southern Pinghua)
- 推想 (tuīxiǎng)
- 推測/推测 (tuīcè)
- 掠算 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 揣度 (formal)
- 擬/拟 (nǐ)
- 母量 (mu3 liong) (Gan)
- 派胚 (Hokkien)
- 測/测 (cè) (literary, or in compounds)
- 測估/测估 (cègū)
- 測度/测度 (cèduó)
- 測算/测算 (cèsuàn)
- 猜 (cāi)
- 猜度 (cāiduó)
- 猜想 (cāixiǎng)
- 猜摸 (cāimo)
- 猜料 (cāiliào)
- 猜測/猜测 (cāicè)
- 猜詳/猜详 (cāixiáng)
- 算 (suàn)
- 算計/算计 (suànjì)
- 約摸/约摸 (yuēmo)
- 臭疑 (Hokkien)
- 臭青疑 (Hokkien)
- 虛擬/虚拟 (xūnǐ)
- 要約/要约 (iau3 ieh4) (Jin)
- 設/设 (shè)
- 設想/设想 (shèxiǎng)
- 跋胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 辦胚/办胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 阿合 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
- 青疑 (Hokkien)
- 預計/预计 (yùjì)
Compounds
[edit]- 不嫌
- 不避嫌疑
- 主嫌 (zhǔxián)
- 仇嫌
- 休嫌
- 兇嫌/凶嫌 (xiōngxián)
- 冒嫌
- 別嫌/别嫌
- 前嫌 (qiánxián)
- 取嫌
- 可嫌
- 嗤嫌
- 嗔嫌
- 多嫌
- 嫌三嫌四
- 嫌乎
- 嫌厭/嫌厌 (xiányàn)
- 嫌名
- 嫌唬
- 嫌好
- 嫌好道惡/嫌好道恶
- 嫌好道歉
- 嫌好道醜/嫌好道丑
- 嫌微
- 嫌忌
- 嫌怨
- 嫌怕
- 嫌恨
- 嫌惑
- 嫌惎
- 嫌惡/嫌恶 (xiánwù)
- 嫌憎 (xiánzēng)
- 嫌棄/嫌弃 (xiánqì)
- 嫌犯 (xiánfàn)
- 嫌猜
- 嫌疑 (xiányí)
- 嫌疑分子
- 嫌疑犯 (xiányífàn)
- 嫌疵
- 嫌舋
- 嫌責/嫌责
- 嫌貧愛富/嫌贫爱富
- 嫌貳/嫌贰
- 嫌郤
- 嫌鄙 (xiánbǐ)
- 嫌釁/嫌衅
- 嫌錢腥/嫌钱腥
- 嫌長道短/嫌长道短
- 嫌間/嫌间
- 嫌閒/嫌闲
- 嫌隙 (xiánxì)
- 嫌難/嫌难
- 嫌韻/嫌韵
- 宿嫌
- 小嫌
- 引嫌
- 微嫌
- 怪嫌
- 怨嫌
- 恨嫌
- 惡嫌/恶嫌 (wùxián)
- 愛富嫌貧/爱富嫌贫
- 憎嫌
- 挑三嫌四
- 挾嫌/挟嫌 (xiéxián)
- 搆嫌/构嫌
- 搶嫌/抢嫌
- 昵嫌
- 時嫌/时嫌
- 暱嫌/昵嫌
- 曲嫌
- 棄嫌/弃嫌 (qìxián)
- 決嫌/决嫌
- 涉嫌 (shèxián)
- 無嫌/无嫌
- 煩嫌/烦嫌
- 特嫌
- 猜嫌 (cāixián)
- 瓜李之嫌
- 瓜田之嫌
- 疏嫌
- 疑嫌
- 睚眥之嫌/睚眦之嫌
- 瞋嫌
- 私嫌
- 竊嫌/窃嫌
- 罪嫌 (zuìxián)
- 自嫌
- 衽席之嫌
- 親嫌/亲嫌
- 討人嫌/讨人嫌 (tǎorénxián)
- 討嫌/讨嫌 (tǎoxián)
- 說好嫌歹/说好嫌歹
- 譏嫌/讥嫌
- 讎嫌/雠嫌
- 變嫌/变嫌
- 責嫌/责嫌
- 辟嫌
- 遠嫌/远嫌
- 避嫌 (bìxián)
- 避李嫌瓜
- 釋嫌/释嫌
- 重嫌
- 防嫌
- 隙嫌
- 齒馬之嫌/齿马之嫌
References
[edit]- “嫌”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 嫌 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
嫌󠄁 嫌+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
嫌󠄃 嫌+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]嫌
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: げん (gen, Jōyō †)
- Kan-on: けん (ken, Jōyō)
- Kun: いや (iya, 嫌, Jōyō)、きらう (kirau, 嫌う, Jōyō)、うたがう (utagau, 嫌う)
Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
嫌 |
いや Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 嫌 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 嫌, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
[edit]- ^ “嫌”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 嫌 (MC hem).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean ᅘᅧᆷ (Yale: hhyem) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 혐 (hyem) (Yale: hyem) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [çʌ̹m]
- Phonetic hangul: [혐]
Hanja
[edit]嫌 (eumhun 싫어할 혐 (sireohal hyeom))
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]嫌: Hán Nôm readings: hiềm, hem, hèm
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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- Japanese terms spelled with 嫌 read as いや
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