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See also:
U+7B97, 算
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B97

[U+7B96]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7B98]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
14 strokes

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 118, +8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹月山廿 (HBUT), four-corner 88446, composition 𥫗𥃲 or 𥬥)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 888, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26146
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1315, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2981, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+7B97

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp.
alternative forms

𮅕

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

In current form, (bamboo) + + .

The portion may have originally represented counting rods (or possibly an abacus, although the character is believed to predate its invention). Such rods were typically made from bamboo.

Etymology[edit]

It has been compared with Tibetan གཤོར (gshor, to count, to measure, to weigh) by Gong (1995).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • sǹg/sùiⁿ - colloquial;
  • soàn - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /suan⁵¹/
    Harbin /suan⁵³/
    Tianjin /suan⁵³/
    Jinan /suã²¹/
    Qingdao /suã⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /suan³¹²/
    Xi'an /suã⁴⁴/
    Xining /suã²¹³/
    Yinchuan /suan¹³/ ~術
    /suan⁵³/ ~了
    Lanzhou /suɛ̃n¹³/
    Ürümqi /suan²¹³/
    Wuhan /san³⁵/
    Chengdu /suan¹³/
    Guiyang /suan²¹³/
    Kunming /suã̠²¹²/
    Nanjing /suaŋ⁴⁴/
    Hefei /sʊ̃⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /suæ̃⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /suɑŋ³⁵/
    Hohhot /suæ̃⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /sø³⁵/
    Suzhou /sø⁵¹³/
    Hangzhou /sz̩ʷõ⁴⁴⁵/
    Wenzhou /sø⁴²/
    Hui Shexian /so³²⁴/
    Tunxi /suːə⁴²/
    Xiang Changsha /sõ⁵⁵/
    Xiangtan /sɔn⁵⁵/
    Gan Nanchang /sɵn⁴⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /son⁵³/
    Taoyuan /son⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /syn³³/
    Nanning /ɬyn³³/
    Hong Kong /syn³³/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /suan²¹/
    /sŋ̍²¹/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /sɔuŋ²¹²/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /sɔŋ³³/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /suaŋ²¹³/
    /sɯŋ²¹³/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /suaŋ²³/
    /tui³⁵/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (16)
    Final () (62)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter swanX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /suɑnX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /sʷɑnX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /suɑnX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /swanX/
    Li
    Rong
    /suɑnX/
    Wang
    Li
    /suɑnX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /suɑnX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    suǎn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    syun2
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    suàn
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ swanH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[s]ˁorʔ-s/
    English calculate; tally

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    No. 12137 12140
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    3 3
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*sloːnʔ/ /*sloːns/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. to count; to calculate; to figure
    2. to plan; to arrange; to design
    3. to guess; to estimate; to approximate
    4. to regard as; to consider
    5. to count; to be of significance
    6. to let it pass; to give up
    7. finally; eventually
    8. Alternative form of (suàn, ancient device for counting numbers)
    9. (Guanzhong, Mandarin) while
      [Guanzhong Mandarin]  ―  niǎ suān shě suān xiāo [Pinyin]  ―  He speaks as he laughs
    10. (Hong Kong) ratio between two currencies, expressed with only the first significant figure
      日元港元穿 [Cantonese, trad.]
      日元港元穿 [Cantonese, simp.]
      jat6 jyun4 deoi3 gong2 jyun4 dit3 cyun1 luk6 syun3. [Jyutping]
      The exchange rate between Japanese Yen and Hong Kong Dollars has dropped below the ratio of 1 JPY to 0.06 HKD [literally: …below the ratio of 6.]

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (to calculate):
    • (to plan):
    • (to guess):
    • (to regard):

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    • Lü: ᦉᦸᧃᧈ (ṡoan¹)

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. Counting, calculation

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC swanX).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 솬〯 (Yale: swǎn)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 혤〯 (Yale: hyěyl) 산〯 (Yale: sǎn)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰa̠(ː)n]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun (sem san))

    1. Hanja form? of (to count; to calculate).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: toán, toan

    1. chữ Hán form of toán (mathematics).