From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Archived revision by WingerBot (talk | contribs) as of 07:36, 2 October 2019.
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also:

Template:character info/new

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 61, +24, 28 strokes, cangjie input 難卜金心 (XYCP) or 卜金心 (YCP), four-corner 07338, composition )

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 409, character 31
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11525
  • Dae Jaweon: page 751, character 30
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2373, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6207

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kr'oːms, *qʰloːms) : phonetic (OC *kluːmʔ, *kluːms, *kromʔ, *kloːms) + semantic .

Etymology 1

trad.
simp.

“Stupid”. Attested abundantly in Old Chinese, but obsolete in modern varieties. Compared with Proto-Mon *trɔɔʔ (> Mon သ္ဒိုဟ် (tɜ̀h, foolish, stupid)) by Schuessler (2007).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (32) (9)
Final () (1) (9)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I II
Fanqie
Baxter xuwngH traewngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/huŋH/ /ʈˠʌŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/huŋH/ /ʈᵚɔŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/xuŋH/ /ȶɔŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/həwŋH/ /ʈaɨwŋH/
Li
Rong
/xuŋH/ /ȶɔŋH/
Wang
Li
/xuŋH/ /ȶɔŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/xuŋH/ /ȶɔŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
hòng zhuàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hung3 zong3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhuàng
Middle
Chinese
‹ xuwngH ›
Old
Chinese
/*qʰˁoŋ-s/
English stupid (Beaudouin, Sagart & Baxter, 2021)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6277 6291
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3 3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kr'oːms/ /*qʰloːms/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. stupid
  2. blunt and tactless

Etymology 2

trad.
simp.
alternative forms Min Nan
Min Nan

Dialectally preserved word for “stupid”, attested since Middle Chinese. Relationship to Etymology 1 is unknown.

Compare Proto-Central Chin *ŋoŋ (“dull, stupid”) > Mizo ngawng (dull, stupid), Proto-Tai-Kadai *ŋV:ŋ.T (“stupid”) > Zhuang nguengh (stupid), as well as Lua error in Module:parameters at line 276: Parameter 1 should be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "mkh-okm" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF. > Khmer ល្ងង់ (lngŭəng)).

Bauer (1996) suggests that this root may have entered Old Southern Chinese during the period of its early contact with Tai-speaking peoples in southern China.

Pronunciation

Lua error in Module:wuu-pron at line 157: Incorrect tone notation "3" for sh. See WT:AZH/Wu.

Definitions

(deprecated template usage)

  1. (Cantonese, Hakka, Min, Wu) stupid; foolish; simple; simple-minded
  2. (dialectal Mandarin) stubborn; bull-headed
  3. (dialectal Mandarin) frank; honest; straight
Synonyms

Compounds

Lua error in Module:zh/templates at line 32: This template has been deprecated. Please use Template:col3 instead.


Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings


Korean

Hanja

(dang) (hangeul , revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: tráng ((trắc)(giáng)(thiết))[1]

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References