棗

See also: 枣

棗 U+68D7, 棗 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68D7 ← 棖 [U+68D6] CJK Unified Ideographs 棘 → [U+68D8]

Translingual

Han character

棗 (radical 75, 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木月木月 (DBDB) or X木月木月 (XDBDB), four-corner 5090₂, composition ⿱朿朿)

Derived characters

• 𪦡, 𭫼, 𫓇, 𤒗, 𫼄, 𮐿

Descendants

• 枣 (simplified Chinese)

References

• KangXi: page 532, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14937
• Dae Jaweon: page 920, character 24
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1228, character 1
• Unihan data for U+68D7

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Chinese

trad.		棗
simp.		枣
alternative forms		栆

棗

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zǎo (zao³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄠˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zou²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chó
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chó / chó͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zo²

• Wu (Wiktionary): tsau (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: zǎo
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˇ
    • Wade–Giles: tsao3
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzao
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zǎo
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (棗兒／枣儿)⁺
    • Pinyin: zǎor
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˇㄦ
    • Wade–Giles: tsaorh3
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaol
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zǎor
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zou²
    • Yale: jóu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzou²
    • Guangdong Romanization: zou²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sou̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chó
    • Hakka Romanization System: zo`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zo³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡so³¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó
    • Tâi-lô: tsó
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zoir
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kinmen): /t͡so⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡so⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɤ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘
    • Tâi-lô: tsóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zor
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

Note:

• Quanzhou:
  • chó - vernacular;
  • chó͘ - literary.

(Teochew)

• Peng'im: zo²
• Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsó
• Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡so⁵²/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: tsau (T2)
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔ³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡sɑu^X/

Rime
Character	棗
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	子晧切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɑuX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɑuX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɑuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sawX/
Li Rong	/t͡sɑuX/
Wang Li	/t͡sɑuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sɑuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zǎo

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤuʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsuːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	棗
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zǎo
Middle Chinese	‹ tsawX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁuʔ/
English	jujube
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	棗
Reading #	1/1
No.	16564
Phonetic component	棗
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	早
Old Chinese	/*ʔsuːʔ/

Definitions

棗

1. jujube; Chinese date
2. A surname​.

Compounds

• 交梨火棗／交梨火枣
• 吃黑棗兒／吃黑枣儿
• 嘎嘎棗兒／嘎嘎枣儿
• 囫圇吞棗／囫囵吞枣 (húlúntūnzǎo)
• 嫁棗／嫁枣
• 拔葵啖棗／拔葵啖枣
• 梨棗／梨枣
• 棗子／枣子 (zǎozi)
• 棗店／枣店 (Zǎodiàn)
• 棗本／枣本
• 棗核臉／枣核脸
• 棗椰子／枣椰子 (zǎoyēzi)

• 棗泥／枣泥
• 棗糕／枣糕
• 棗紅色／枣红色
• 棗陽／枣阳 (Zǎoyáng)
• 棗騮／枣骝
• 椰棗／椰枣 (yēzǎo)
• 沙棗／沙枣 (shāzǎo)
• 海棗／海枣 (hǎizǎo)
• 災梨禍棗／灾梨祸枣
• 禍棗災梨／祸枣灾梨
• 紅棗／红枣 (hóngzǎo)

• 羊棗／羊枣
• 肉棗兒／肉枣儿
• 蜜棗／蜜枣
• 讓棗推梨／让枣推梨
• 酸棗／酸枣 (suānzǎo)
• 酸棗子／酸枣子
• 重棗／重枣 (zhòngzǎo)
• 金絲棗／金丝枣
• 面如重棗／面如重枣 (miàn rú zhòngzǎo)
• 鶻崙吞棗／鹘仑吞枣
• 黑棗／黑枣 (hēizǎo)

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Japanese

Kanji

棗

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. jujube

Readings

• Go-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kan-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kun: なつめ (natsume, 棗)

Compounds

• 酸棗(さんそう) (sansō)
• 大棗(たいそう) (taisō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
棗
なつめ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Originally a compound of 夏 (natsu, “summer”) +‎ 芽 (me, “bud, sprout”).

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) なつめ [nàtsúmé] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [na̠t͡sɨᵝme̞]

Noun

棗(なつめ) • (natsume) 

1. the jujube or Chinese date, Ziziphus jujuba

   Hypernym: 黒梅擬 (kuroumemodoki)

2. a dye made from dried jujube fruits
3. a small tea caddy used in the tea ceremony

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 棗(ナツメ)貝(ガイ) (natsumegai)
• 棗(なつめ)形(がた)手水(ちょうず)鉢(ばち) (natsume-gata chōzubachi)
• 棗(なつめ)玉(だま) (Natsumedama)
• 棗(ナツメ)椰(ヤ)子(シ) (natsume yashi, “date palm”, Phoenix dactylifera​)
• 唐(から)棗(なつめ) (kara-natsume)
• 小(こ)棗(なつめ) (konatsume)
• 核太(サネブト)棗(ナツメ), 酸(サネブト)棗(ナツメ) (sanebuto natsume)
• 浜(ハマ)棗(ナツメ) (hama natsume)
• 平(ひら)棗(なつめ) (hira natsume)

See also

• 五果(ごか), 五菓(ごか) (goka, “five fruits”): 桃(もも) (momo, “peach”), 李(すもも) (sumomo, “Japanese plum”), 杏(あんず) (anzu, “apricot”), 棗(なつめ) (natsume, “jujube”), 栗(くり) (kuri, “Japanese chestnut”)

Proper noun

棗(なつめ) • (Natsume) 

1. a female given name
2. a surname

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Korean

Hanja

棗 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

棗: Hán Nôm readings: táo, táu, tảo

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.