棗

棗 U+68D7, 棗 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68D7 ← 棖 [U+68D6] CJK Unified Ideographs 棘 → [U+68D8]

See also: 枣

Translingual

Han character

棗 (radical 75 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木月木月 (DBDB) or X木月木月 (XDBDB), four-corner 5090₂, composition ⿱朿朿)

References

• KangXi: page 532, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14937
• Dae Jaweon: page 920, character 24
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1228, character 1
• Unihan data for U+68D7

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Chinese

trad.		棗
simp.		枣
alt. forms		栆

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zǎo (zao³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄠˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zou²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chó
• Min Nan (POJ): chó͘ / chó

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: zǎo
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˇ
    • Wade-Giles: tsao³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzao
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing, erhua-ed) (棗兒／枣儿)⁺
    • Pinyin: zǎor
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˇㄦ
    • Wade-Giles: tsaorh³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaol
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡saʊɻʷ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zou²
    • Yale: jóu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzou²
    • Guangdong Romanization: zou²
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sou̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chó
    • Hakka Romanization System: zo`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zo³
    • IPA: /t͡so³¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘
    • Tâi-lô: tsóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zor
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó
    • Tâi-lô: tsó
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zoir
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡so⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡so⁵³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡so⁵³/

Note: chó͘/chó - literary, chó - vernacular (Quanzhou).

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡sɑu^X/▼

Rime
Character	棗
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	子晧切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɑuX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɑuX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɑuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sawX/
Li Rong	/t͡sɑuX/
Wang Li	/t͡sɑuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sɑuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zǎo

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[ts]ˤuʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsuːʔ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	棗
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zǎo
Middle Chinese	‹ tsawX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˤuʔ/
English	jujube
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	棗
Reading #	1/1
No.	16564
Phonetic component	棗
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	早
Old Chinese	/*ʔsuːʔ/

Definitions

棗

1. jujube; Chinese date
2. A surname​.

Compounds

• 交梨火棗／交梨火枣
• 吃黑棗兒／吃黑枣儿
• 嘎嘎棗兒／嘎嘎枣儿
• 囫圇吞棗／囫囵吞枣 (húlúntūnzǎo)
• 拔葵啖棗／拔葵啖枣
• 梨棗／梨枣
• 棗子／枣子
• 棗本／枣本
• 棗核臉／枣核脸
• 棗椰子／枣椰子 (zǎoyēzi)
• 棗泥／枣泥

• 棗糕／枣糕
• 棗紅色／枣红色
• 棗騮／枣骝
• 椰棗／椰枣 (yēzǎo)
• 沙棗／沙枣
• 海棗／海枣 (hǎizǎo)
• 災梨禍棗／灾梨祸枣
• 禍棗災梨／祸枣灾梨
• 紅棗／红枣 (hóngzǎo)
• 羊棗／羊枣

• 肉棗兒／肉枣儿
• 蜜棗／蜜枣
• 讓棗推梨／让枣推梨
• 酸棗／酸枣 (Suānzǎo)
• 酸棗子／酸枣子
• 重棗／重枣 (zhòngzǎo)
• 金絲棗／金丝枣
• 面如重棗／面如重枣 (miàn rú zhòngzǎo)
• 鶻崙吞棗／鹘仑吞枣
• 黑棗／黑枣 (hēizǎo)

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Japanese

Kanji

棗

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. jujube

Readings

• Goon: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kan’on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kun: なつめ (natsume, 棗)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
棗
なつめ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

/natume/ → /nat͡sɨme/

Compound of 夏 (なつ) (natsu, “summer”) + 芽 (め) (me, “bud, sprout”).

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) なつめ [nàtsúmé] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA^(key): [na̠t͡sɨᵝme̞]

Noun

棗 (hiragana なつめ, katakana ナツメ, rōmaji natsume)

1. jujube (Ziziphus jujuba)
2. small tea caddy

Derived terms

• 棗 (ナツメ)椰 (ヤ)子 (シ) (natsumeyashi, “date palm”, Phoenix dactylifera​)

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Korean

Hanja

棗 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune-Reischauer cho, Yale co)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

棗 (táo, táu, tảo)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.