禽

Translingual

Han character

禽 (Kangxi radical 114, 禸+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人卜山月 (OYUB), four-corner 8042₇, composition ⿱𠆢离)

Derived characters

• 擒 噙 檎 蠄

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 848, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24893
• Dae Jaweon: page 1270, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 199, character 4
• Unihan data for U+79BD

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Chinese

trad.		禽
simp. #		禽

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 禽
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (今) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
貪	*kʰl'uːm
嗿	*l̥ʰuːmʔ
僋	*l̥ʰuːms, *luːms
酓	*qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms
馠	*qʰɯːm
谽	*qʰɯːm
唅	*qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms
含	*ɡɯːm
肣	*ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
頷	*ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
筨	*ɡɯːm
梒	*ɡɯːm
鋡	*ɡɯːm
莟	*ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms
琀	*ɡɯːms
浛	*ɡɯːms
盦	*qɯːm, *qaːb
韽	*qɯːm, *qrɯːms
玪	*krɯːm
妗	*qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms
欦	*qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm
黔	*ɡram, *ɡrɯm
鈐	*ɡram
鳹	*ɡram
雂	*ɡram, *ɡrɯm
念	*nɯːms
梣	*sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm
枔	*sɢrɯm
岑	*sɡrɯm
笒	*sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms
涔	*sɡrɯm
侺	*ɡjɯms
今	*krɯm
黅	*krɯm
衿	*krɯm
衾	*kʰrɯm
坅	*kʰrɯmʔ
搇	*kʰrɯms
琴	*ɡrɯm
禽	*ɡrɯm
芩	*ɡrɯm
庈	*ɡrɯm
耹	*ɡrɯm
靲	*ɡrɯm
擒	*ɡrɯm
檎	*ɡrɯm
紟	*ɡrɯms
吟	*ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms
訡	*ŋɡrɯm
廞	*qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ
陰	*qrɯm
霠
飲	*qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms
蔭	*qrɯms
廕	*qrɯms
矜	*ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ

Ideogram (指事) – an animal (离, bottom) being captured by a mouth (亼, top); compare 离. In current form, graphically 人 + 离.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qín (qin²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kam⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khîm

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kim⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qín
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cín
    • Wade–Giles: chʻin²
    • Yale: chín
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyn
    • Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kam⁴
    • Yale: kàhm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kam⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: kem⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐm²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khîm
    • Tâi-lô: khîm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiim
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰim²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰim²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰim¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰim²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰim²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kim⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khîm
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰim⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: gim

Rime
Character	禽
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	侵 (140)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巨金切
Baxter	gim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡᵚim/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gjim/
Li Rong	/ɡjəm/
Wang Li	/ɡĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qín
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kam4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[C.ɢ](r)[ə]m/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrɯm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	禽	禽
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qín	qín
Middle Chinese	‹ gim ›	‹ gim ›
Old Chinese	/*[C.ɢ](r)[ə]m/	/*[C.ɢ](r)[ə]m/
English	bird; animal	catch, capture
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	禽
Reading #	1/1
No.	6607
Phonetic component	今
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	琴
Old Chinese	/*ɡrɯm/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 禽

1. birds and beasts
2. fowl; bird

   禽流感  ―  qínliúgǎn  ―  bird flu

3. ^† (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 擒 (“to capture; to catch”).
4. a surname

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Japanese

Kanji

禽

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. bird
2. (more specifically) chicken

Readings

• Go-on: ごん (gon)
• Kan-on: きん (kin)
• Kun: とり (tori, 禽)

Compounds

• 家(か)禽(きん) (kakin): domestic fowl, poultry

Usage notes

Rarely used in modern Japanese. The character 鳥 is used instead to spell the tori reading.

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Korean

Hanja

禽 • (geum) (hangeul 금, revised geum, McCune–Reischauer kŭm, Yale kum)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 禽 (cầm)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.