竿

Translingual

Han character

竿 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹一十 (HMJ), four-corner 8840₁, composition ⿱𥫗干)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 878, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25854
• Dae Jaweon: page 1306, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2948, character 2
• Unihan data for U+7AFF

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Chinese

trad.		竿
simp. #		竿
alternative forms		杆 second round simplified

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (干) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
訐	*krads, *krads, *ked, *kad
肝	*kaːn
竿	*kaːn
干	*kaːn
奸	*kaːn
玕	*kaːn
汗	*kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns
迀	*kaːn
忓	*kaːn, *ɡaːns
鳱	*kaːn
邗	*kaːn, *ɡaːn
秆	*kaːnʔ
矸	*kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns
仠	*kaːnʔ
皯	*kaːnʔ
衦	*kaːnʔ
簳	*kaːnʔ
擀	*kaːnʔ
旰	*kaːns
盰	*kaːns
幹	*kaːns
杆	*kaːns
骭	*kaːns, *ɡraːns
桿	*kaːnʔ
趕	*kaːnʔ
稈	*kaːnʔ
刊	*kʰaːn
靬	*kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan
衎	*kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns
犴	*ŋaːn, *ŋaːns
豻	*ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn
頇	*ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd
岸	*ŋɡaːns
鼾	*qʰaːn, *ɢaːns
罕	*qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns
焊	*qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns
蔊	*qʰaːnʔ
虷	*ɡaːn
旱	*ɡaːnʔ
皔	*ɡaːnʔ
釬	*ɡaːns
扞	*ɡaːns
閈	*ɡaːns
馯	*ɡaːns, *kʰraːn
捍	*ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ
悍	*ɡaːns
銲	*ɡaːns
垾	*ɡaːns
駻	*ɡaːns
睅	*ɡʷranʔ
娨	*ɡraːns
飦	*kan
赶	*ɡan, *ɡʷad
軒	*qʰan
蓒	*qʰan
酐	*qʰaːŋʔ
澣	*ɡʷaːnʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gān (gan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gon¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kan / koaⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): guan¹ / go¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gān
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gan
    • Wade–Giles: kan¹
    • Yale: gān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gan
    • Palladius: гань (ganʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kän⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gānr
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄢㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ganr
    • Wade–Giles: kan¹-ʼrh
    • Yale: gānr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gal
    • Palladius: ганьр (ganʹr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑɻ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gon¹
    • Yale: gōn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gon¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gon¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːn⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kan / koaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: kan / kuann
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kafn, kvoaf
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kan⁴⁴/, /kuã⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kan³³/, /kuã³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kan⁴⁴/, /kuã⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kan⁴⁴/, /kuã⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kan⁴⁴/, /kuã⁴⁴/

Note:

• kan - literary;
• koaⁿ - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: guan¹ / go¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kuaⁿ / ko
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kũã³³/, /ko³³/

Note: go1 - semantic (original character is 篙).

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• Middle Chinese: kan

Rime
Character	竿
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古寒切
Baxter	kan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kan/
Li Rong	/kɑn/
Wang Li	/kɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gon1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤar/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kaːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	竿
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gān
Middle Chinese	‹ kan ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁar/
English	pole, rod
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	竿
Reading #	1/1
No.	3569
Phonetic component	干
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	干
Old Chinese	/*kaːn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 竿

1. bamboo pole
2. a surname

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Japanese

Kanji

竿

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. rod, pole
2. beam

Readings

• Go-on: かん (kan)
• Kan-on: かん (kan)
• Kun: さお (sao, 竿)^{←さを (sawo, 竿, historical)}

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
竿
さお Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

竿(さお) • (sao) ^{←さを (sawo)?}

1. pole

Derived terms

• 釣(つり)竿(ざお) (tsurizao, “fishing pole”)
• 黐(もち)竿(ざお) (mochizao)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
竿
かん Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 竿 (MC kan).

Counter

竿(かん) • (-kan) 

1. counter for poles

Affix

竿(かん) • (kan) 

1. a pole; a bamboo pole

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Korean

Hanja

竿 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 竿 (can, cần)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.