茸

Translingual

Han character

茸 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 9 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 8 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿尸十 (TSJ), four-corner 4440₁, composition ⿱艹耳)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1029, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30918
• Dae Jaweon: page 1488, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3200, character 3
• Unihan data for U+8338

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Chinese

trad.		茸
simp. #		茸

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (茸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
茸	*njoŋ
髶	*njis, *njoŋ
搑	*njoŋ, *njoŋʔ
榵	*njoŋ
穁	*njoŋ, *njoŋʔ

Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njoŋ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + abbreviated phonetic 聰 (OC *sʰloːŋ) (Shuowen).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “←→絨?”)

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): róng (rong²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jung⁴ / jung⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yùng
• Northern Min (KCR): ě̤ng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): liông / jiông

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: róng
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: róng
    • Wade–Giles: jung²
    • Yale: rúng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rong
    • Palladius: жун (žun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jung⁴ / jung⁵
    • Yale: yùhng / yúhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jung⁴ / jung⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: yung⁴ / yung⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ²¹/, /jʊŋ¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùng
    • Hakka Romanization System: iungˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yung²
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯uŋ¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùng
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iungˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yung²
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ě̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /œyŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông
    • Tâi-lô: liông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lioong
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /liɔŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiông
    • Tâi-lô: jiông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jioong
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziɔŋ²³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 茸
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʐuŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/ʐuŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/ʐuŋ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/luŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/iŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʐuŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/vəŋ²⁴/
	Xining	/uə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʐuŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/və̃n⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ʐuŋ⁵¹/ /vɤŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ioŋ²¹³/
	Chengdu	/zoŋ³¹/
	Guiyang	/zoŋ²¹/
	Kunming	/ʐoŋ¹/
	Nanjing	/ioŋ²⁴/
	Hefei	/iŋ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/zuəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/zuŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ʐũŋ⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/zoŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/zoŋ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/zoŋ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zoŋ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/yʌ̃⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/in⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/ioŋ¹³/
	Xiangtan	/in¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/luŋ⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/iuŋ¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/ʒuŋ¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/joŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/juŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/juŋ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/liɔŋ³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/yŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/œyŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/zoŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/zɔŋ³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: nyowng

Rime
Character	茸
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	而容切
Baxter	nyowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵuawŋ/
Li Rong	/ȵioŋ/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	róng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jung4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*njoŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	茸
Reading #	1/1
No.	10854
Phonetic component	茸
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	茸
Old Chinese	/*njoŋ/
Notes	說文聰省聲，疑髶省聲

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 茸

1. soft and downy, pilose
2. fine thin hair
3. the pilose antler of a young stag

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rǒng (rong³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄥˇ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rǒng
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rǒng
    • Wade–Giles: jung³
    • Yale: rǔng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: roong
    • Palladius: жун (žun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐʊŋ²¹⁴/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 茸

1. ^† This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• (Hakka) Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) →ISBN.
• (Min Nan) “Query for 茸”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

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Japanese

Kanji

茸

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

• Go-on: にょう (nyō)
• Kan-on: じょう (jō)
• Kun: しげる (shigeru, 茸る); きのこ (kinoko, 茸); たけ (take, 茸)

Alternative forms

Kanji in this term
茸
きのこ Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

• 菌, 蕈

Etymology 1

Originally a compound of 木 (ki, “tree”) +‎ の (no, attributive or possessive particle) +‎ 子 (ko, “child”).

Noun

茸(きのこ) or 茸(キノコ) • (kinoko) 

1. a mushroom

Derived terms

• 茸(きのこ)雲(ぐも) (kinokogumo)
• キノピオ (Kinopio, “Toad”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
茸
たけ Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Noun

(alternative reading hiragana たけ, katakana タケ, rōmaji take)

1. (chiefly Kansai or in compounds) a mushroom
2. (colloquial) the flesh of an animal

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 榎(エノキ)茸(ダケ) (enokidake, “enokidake mushroom, velvet shank”)
• 椎(シイ)茸(タケ) (shiitake, “shiitake”)
• 平(ヒラ)茸(タケ) (hiratake, “oyster mushroom”)
• ポルチーニ茸(ダケ) (poruchīni-dake, “Porcini mushroom”)
• 舞(マイ)茸(タケ) (maitake, “maitake mushroom, hen of the woods”)
• 松(マツ)茸(タケ) (matsutake, “matsutake”)
• モリーユ茸(ダケ) (morīyu-dake, “Morille mushroom”)

See also

• エリンギ (eringi, “eryngii mushroom”)
• トリュフ (toryufu, “truffle”)
• マッシュルーム (masshurūmu, “mushroom”)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
茸
くさびら Jinmeiyō
irregular

Extension of 草片 (kusabira, “edible plant or green”).

Noun

茸(くさびら) • (kusabira) 

1. a mushroom
2. (euphemistic, in Ise Grand Shrine) the flesh of an animal

See also

• 斎(さい)宮(ぐう)の忌(い)み詞(ことば) (Saigū no imikotoba)

Proper noun

茸(くさびら) • (Kusabira) 

1. a kyogen play

Etymology 4

From NTT Docomo's mascot character having mushroom motif.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kʲino̞ko̞]

Proper noun

茸(きのこ) • (Kinoko) 

1. (Internet slang) NTT Docomo

Related terms

• 庭(にわ) (niwa)
• 禿(はげ) (hage)
• 芋(いも) (imo)

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Korean

Hanja

茸 • (yong) (hangeul 용, revised yong, McCune–Reischauer yong, Yale yong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 茸 (nhung)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.