鑒

See also: 鉴

鑒 U+9452, 鑒 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9452 ← 鑑 [U+9451] CJK Unified Ideographs 鑓 → [U+9453]

Translingual

Traditional	鑒
Shinjitai	鑑
Simplified	鉴

Han character

鑒 (radical 167, 金+14, 22 strokes, cangjie input 尸田金 (SWC) or 金尸一廿 (CSMT), four-corner 7810₉, composition ⿱⿰臣⿳𠂉丶罒金(G) or ⿱⿰臣⿳𠂉一罒金(HTJK))

References

• KangXi: page 1325, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40989
• Dae Jaweon: page 1826, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4267, character 7
• Unihan data for U+9452

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Chinese

trad.		鑒
simp.		鉴
variant forms		鍳 鑑／鉴

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (監) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
藍	*ɡ·raːm
襤	*ɡ·raːm
籃	*ɡ·raːm
懢	*ɡ·raːm, *ɡ·raːms
儖	*ɡ·raːm
蘫	*ɡ·raːm, *qʰlaːms
攬	*ɡ·raːmʔ
欖	*ɡ·raːmʔ
覽	*ɡ·raːmʔ
爁	*ɡ·raːmʔ, *ɡ·raːms, *ɡ·rams
擥	*ɡ·raːmʔ
灠	*ɡ·raːmʔ
濫	*ɡ·raːms, *ɡraːmʔ
嚂	*ɡ·raːms, *kʰlaːms, *qʰlaːmʔ
纜	*ɡ·raːms
監	*kraːm, *kraːms
礛	*kraːm
鑑	*kraːm, *kraːms, *kraːms
艦	*ɡraːmʔ
檻	*ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms
壏	*ɡraːmʔ
轞	*ɡraːmʔ
鹽	*ɡ·lam, *ɡ·lams

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiàn (jian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaam³
• Min Nan (POJ): kàm

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: jiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
    • Wade–Giles: chien⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gaam³
    • Yale: gaam
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaam³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gam³
    • IPA ^(key): /käːm³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kàm
    • Tâi-lô: kàm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kaxm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kam²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kam⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kam²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kam¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kam²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /ken/, /kˠam^H/▼

Rime
Character	鑒	鑒
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	銜 (149)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	II
Fanqie	古賢切	格懺切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ken/	/kˠamH/
Pan Wuyun	/ken/	/kᵚamH/
Shao Rongfen	/kɛn/	/kamH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɛn/	/kaɨmH/
Li Rong	/ken/	/kamH/
Wang Li	/kien/	/kamH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kien/	/kamH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiān	jiàn

Definitions

鑒

1. mirror
2. to inspect, to examine
3. reflect
4. evaluate, access

Compounds

• 以往鑒來／以往鉴来
• 儷鑒／俪鉴
• 冰鑒／冰鉴
• 前車之鑒／前车之鉴
• 前車可鑒／前车可鉴
• 垂鑒／垂鉴
• 大鑒／大鉴 (dàjiàn)
• 宸鑒／宸鉴
• 尊鑒／尊鉴
• 崇鑒／崇鉴
• 引以為鑒／引以为鉴
• 惠鑒／惠鉴
• 憐鑒／怜鉴
• 懿鑒／懿鉴
• 明鑒／明鉴
• 明鑒萬里／明鉴万里
• 有鑒於此／有鉴于此 (yǒujiànyúcǐ)
• 朗鑒／朗鉴
• 殷鑒／殷鉴 (yīnjiàn)

• 殷鑒不遠／殷鉴不远
• 洞鑒／洞鉴
• 洞鑒古今／洞鉴古今
• 炯鑒／炯鉴
• 燕鑒／燕鉴
• 矜鑒／矜鉴
• 知往鑒今／知往鉴今
• 神人鑒知／神人鉴知
• 禮鑒／礼鉴
• 精悟玄鑒／精悟玄鉴
• 耳鑒／耳鉴
• 臺鑒／台鉴
• 芳鑒／芳鉴
• 覆車之鑒／覆车之鉴
• 賞鑒／赏鉴
• 道鑒／道鉴
• 鈞鑒／钧鉴
• 鑑別／鉴别 (jiànbié)
• 鑑定／鉴定 (jiàndìng)

• 鑑定人／鉴定人
• 鑑戒／鉴戒
• 鑑於／鉴于
• 鑑賞／鉴赏 (jiànshǎng)
• 鑒定／鉴定
• 鑒察／鉴察
• 鑒往知來／鉴往知来
• 鑒戒／鉴戒
• 鑒於／鉴于 (jiànyú)
• 鑒核／鉴核
• 鑒核備查／鉴核备查
• 鑒毛辨色／鉴毛辨色
• 鑒諒／鉴谅
• 鑒貌辨色／鉴貌辨色
• 鑒賞／鉴赏
• 靈鑒／灵鉴
• 青鑒／青鉴
• 鞶鑒／鞶鉴
• 風鑒／风鉴

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Japanese

Kanji

鑒

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): かん (kan)
• Kun: かがみ (kagami), かんがみる (kangamiru)

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Korean

Hanja

鑒 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

鑒 (giám, gương)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.