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===Etymology 1===
===Etymology 1===
Probably alternative form of {{term|rope}} (as originally used to mark out boundaries).
From {{etyl|enm}} {{term|rapen|lang=enm}}, {{term|rappen||to snatch, carry off|lang=enm}}, from {{etyl|ang}} {{recons|hrapian|lang=ang}}, or {{etyl|non}} {{recons|hrappa|lang=non}}, {{term|hreppa||to snatch, seize|lang=non}}, both from {{proto|Germanic|hrapōnan||hrappōnan|to scratch, touch|lang=en}}, from {{proto|Indo-European|(s)kerb-||(s)kerbʰ-|to turn, bend, shrink|lang=en}}, from {{proto|Indo-European|(s)ker-|to turn, bend|lang=en}}.
{{rel-top|cognates and influences}}
Cognate with {{etyl|sv|-}} {{term|rappa||to snatch, seize, carry off|lang=sv}}, {{etyl|no|-}} {{term|rapa||to rip off|lang=no}}, {{etyl|nds|-}} {{term|rapen||to snatch, seize|lang=nds}}, {{etyl|nl|-}} {{term|rapen||to pick up, gather, collect|lang=nl}}, {{etyl|de|-}} {{term|raffen||to snatch, sweep away, carry off suddenly, gather, heap up|lang=de}}.


====Noun====
Related to {{etyl|ang|-}} {{term|hreppan|lang=ang}}, {{term|hrepian|lang=ang||to touch, treat, attack}} > English {{term|rap|lang=en}}, {{etyl|fr|-}} {{term|frapper|lang=fr||to hit, strike, stroke}}; < Germanic. In English, ''rape'' was later confused with, and perhaps influenced by {{etyl|xno|-}} {{term|raper|lang=xno||to seize, abduct}}; compare {{etyl|fro|-}} {{term|rapir|lang=fro}}, from {{etyl|la|-}} {{term|rapere||to seize, carry off by force, abduct|lang=la}}, which is unrelated to the English word. The meaning "to ravish (a woman), seduce (a man)" is from the early 15c.
{{rel-bottom}}
{{en-noun}}

# {{context|now|_|historical}} One of the six former [[administrative]] [[divisions]] of [[Sussex]], England. {{defdate|from 11th c.}}
#*'''1971''', Frank Merry Stenton, ''Anglo-Saxon England'':
#*:There is little, if any, doubt that the division of Sussex into six '''rapes''' had been carried out before the Conquest, though the term is not mentioned in any Old English record.
#*'''1997''', Ann Williams, ''The English and the Norman Conquest'', p. 18:
#*:These four castles dominated the Sussex '''rapes''' named after them; the fifth '''rape''', Bramber, held by William de Braose, was in existence by 1084.

====See also====
* [[hundred]]
* [[wapentake]]

====External links====
* {{pedialite|Rape (county subdivision)}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{etyl|enm}} {{term|rapen|lang=enm}}, from {{etyl|non}} {{term|hrapa||to fall, rush headlong, hurry, hasten|lang=non}}, from {{proto|Germanic|hrapanan|to fall down|lang=en}}, from {{proto|Indo-European|(s)ker-|to move, swing, jump|lang=en}}. Cognate with {{etyl|no|-}} {{term|rapa||to slip, fall|lang=no}}, {{etyl|da|-}} {{term|rappe||to make haste|lang=da}}, {{etyl|de|-}} {{term|rappeln||to hasten, hurry|lang=de}}.

====Verb====
{{en-verb|rap|ing}}

# {{obsolete|intransitive|or |_|reflexive}} To [[make haste]]; to [[hasten]] or [[hurry]]. {{defdate|14th-16th c.}}

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# {{obsolete}} [[haste|Haste]]; [[precipitancy]]; a [[precipitate]] [[course]]. {{defdate|14th-17th c.}}
#*'''c. 1390''', {{w|Geoffrey Chaucer}}, ''Wordes Unto Adam'':
#*:So ofte a-daye I mot thy werk renewe, It to correcte and eek to rubbe and scrape; And al is thorugh thy negligence and '''rape'''.

====Adverb====
{{en-adj}}

# {{obsolete}} [[quickly|Quickly]]; [[hastily]]. {{defdate|14th-19th c.}}

===Etymology 3===
Probably from {{etyl|la}} {{term|rapere}} (verb), {{etyl|xno}} {{term|rap}}, {{term|rape|lang=xno}} (noun) (from {{etyl|la}} {{term|rapere}}). But compare {{etyl|sv|-}} {{term|rappa||to snatch, seize, carry off|lang=sv}}, {{etyl|no|-}} {{term|rapa||to rip off|lang=no}}, {{etyl|nds|-}} {{term|rapen||to snatch, seize|lang=nds}}, {{etyl|nl|-}} {{term|rapen||to pick up, gather, collect|lang=nl}}; the relationship with Germanic forms is not clear. Compare also {{term|rap||seize, snatch}}.<ref>"rape, v.2"; "rape, n.3". OED Online. September 2012. Oxford University Press. [http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/158153], [http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/158145] (accessed September 12, 2012).</ref>


====Verb====
====Verb====
{{en-verb|rap|ing}}
{{en-verb|rap|ing}}


# {{transitive|intransitive}} To [[seize]] by [[force]]. (Now often with overtones of later senses.) {{defdate|from 14th c.}}
# To force [[sexual intercourse]] or other sexual activity upon another [[person]], without their [[consent]].
#*'''1978''', {{w|Gore Vidal}}, ''Kalki'':
#*:Dr Ashok's eyes had a tendency to pop whenever he wanted to '''rape''' your attention.
# {{transitive}} To [[carry]] (someone, especially a woman) off against their will, especially for sex; to [[abduct]]. {{defdate|from 15th c.}}
#*'''1718''', {{w|Alexander Pope}}, translating Homer, ''The Iliad'':
#*:A Princess '''rap’d''' transcends a Navy storm'd.
# {{transitive}} To force [[sexual intercourse]] or other sexual activity upon (someone) without their [[consent]]. {{defdate|from 16th c.}}
#* {{quote-news
#* {{quote-news
| date = 21 August 2012
| date = 21 August 2012
Line 28: Line 68:
| page =
| page =
| passage = The prosecution case was that the men forced the sisters to strip, threw their clothes over the bridge, then '''raped''' them and participated in forcing them to jump into the river to their deaths. As he walked off the bridge, Clemons was alleged to have said: "We threw them off. Let's go."}}
| passage = The prosecution case was that the men forced the sisters to strip, threw their clothes over the bridge, then '''raped''' them and participated in forcing them to jump into the river to their deaths. As he walked off the bridge, Clemons was alleged to have said: "We threw them off. Let's go."}}
# {{transitive}} To [[plunder]], to [[destroy]] or [[despoil]]. {{defdate|from 17th c.}}
# To [[abuse]] an object in an extreme manner.
#*'''1892''', {{w|Rudyard Kipling}}, ''Barrack-Room Ballads'':
#: ''The loggers '''raped''' the [[virgin forest]]''
#*:I '''raped''' your richest roadstead—I plundered Singapore!
# {{slang}} To [[dominate]] in a [[contest]].
# {{US|_|slang|chiefly|internet}} To [[overpower]], [[destroy]] (someone); to [[trounce]]. {{defdate|from 20th c.}}
#: ''My experienced opponent will '''rape''' me at chess.
#: ''My experienced opponent will '''rape''' me at chess.


Line 99: Line 140:
{{en-noun}}
{{en-noun}}


# {{context|now|_|rare}} The taking of something by [[force]]; [[seizure]], [[plunder]]. {{defdate|from 14th c.}}
# The act of forcing [[sexual intercourse]] or other sexual activity upon another [[person]], without their [[consent]] and/or against their [[will]].
#*'''1712''', {{w|Alexander Pope}}, (title):
# {{dated}} [[abduction]] or [[kidnapping]]
#*:The '''rape''' of the lock.
#* the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Rape_of rape of]: the [[Wikipedia:The Rape of the Lock|the lock]], [[Wikipedia:File:Rembrandt - Ganymede.jpg|Ganymede]], [[Wikipedia:Rape of Persephone|Persephone]], [[Wikipedia:The Rape of the Sabine Women|Sabines]], etc.
#*'''1977''', {{w|JRR Tolkien}}, ''The Silmarillion'':
#*:Few of the Teleri were willing to go forth to war, for they remembered the slaying at the Swanhaven, and the '''rape''' of their ships.
# The act of forcing [[sexual intercourse]] upon another [[person]] without their [[consent]] or against their [[will]]; originally conceived as a crime committed by a man against a woman, but now often extended (under various legal systems) to include other kinds of forced sexual activity by persons of either sex. {{defdate|from 15th c.}}
#*'''1990''', ‘Turning Victims into Saints’, ''Time'', 22 Jan 1990:
#*:Last April the media world exploded in indignation at the '''rape''' and beating of a jogger in Central Park.
# {{context|now|_|archaic}} The [[abduction]] of a woman, especially for sexual purposes. {{defdate|from 15th c.}}
#*'''2000''', {{w|Mary Beard}}, ''The Guardian'', 8 Sep 2000:
#*:The tale of the '''rape''' of Lucretia, for example, is hardly tellable - as many Roman writers themselves discovered - without raising the question of where seduction ends and rape begins; the '''rape''' of the Sabines puts a similar question mark over the distinction between rape and marriage.


=====Derived terms=====
=====Derived terms=====
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* {{pedialite|rape}}
* {{pedialite|rape}}


===Etymology 2===
===Etymology 4===
From {{etyl|la}} {{term|rapa|lang=la}}, from {{term|rapum||turnip|lang=la}}.
From {{etyl|la}} {{term|rapa|lang=la}}, from {{term|rapum||turnip|lang=la}}.


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* {{specieslite|Brassica napus}}
* {{specieslite|Brassica napus}}


===Etymology 3===
===Etymology 5===
From {{etyl|enm}} {{term|rapen|lang=enm}}, from {{etyl|non}} {{term|hrapa||to fall, rush headlong, hurry, hasten|lang=non}}, from {{proto|Germanic|hrapanan|to fall down|lang=en}}, from {{proto|Indo-European|(s)ker-|to move, swing, jump|lang=en}}. Cognate with {{etyl|no|-}} {{term|rapa||to slip, fall|lang=no}}, {{etyl|da|-}} {{term|rappe||to make haste|lang=da}}, {{etyl|gml|-}} {{term|reppen||to hasten, hurry|lang=gml}}, {{etyl|de|-}} {{term|rappeln||to hasten, hurry|lang=de}}, {{etyl|nl|-}} {{term|rap||agile, brisk, quick|lang=nl}}, {{etyl|da|-}} {{term|rap||quick, brisk|lang=da}}, {{etyl|no|-}} {{term|rapp||quick|lang=no}}.

====Verb====
{{en-verb|rap|ing}}

# {{intransitive|often |_|reflexive}} To [[make haste]]; [[hasten]]; [[hurry]].

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# [[haste|Haste]]; [[precipitancy]]; a [[precipitate]] [[course]].

====Adjective====
{{en-adj}}

# [[quick|Quick]]; [[hasty]].

===Etymology 4===
From {{etyl|enm}} {{term|rape|lang=enm}}, from {{etyl|fro}} {{term|rape||grape stalk, rasper|lang=enm}}, from {{term|raper|lang=fro}}, {{term|rasper||to rasp, scratch|lang=fro}}, from Old {{etyl|frk}} {{recons|raspon|raspōn|to scratch|lang=frk}}, related to {{etyl|goh|-}} {{term|raspon|raspōn|to scrape|lang=goh}}, {{etyl|ang|-}} {{term|gehrespan|ġehrespan|to strip, spoil|lang=ang}}.
From {{etyl|enm}} {{term|rape|lang=enm}}, from {{etyl|fro}} {{term|rape||grape stalk, rasper|lang=enm}}, from {{term|raper|lang=fro}}, {{term|rasper||to rasp, scratch|lang=fro}}, from Old {{etyl|frk}} {{recons|raspon|raspōn|to scratch|lang=frk}}, related to {{etyl|goh|-}} {{term|raspon|raspōn|to scrape|lang=goh}}, {{etyl|ang|-}} {{term|gehrespan|ġehrespan|to strip, spoil|lang=ang}}.


Line 248: Line 279:
{{trans-mid}}
{{trans-mid}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Etymology 5===
Probably from {{etyl|non}} {{term|hreppr||a district|lit=a share, allotment|lang=non}}, from {{etyl|non}} {{term|hreppa||to obtain, catch|lang=non}}, related to {{etyl|ang|-}} {{term|hrepian|lang=ang}}, {{term|hreppan||to touch|lang=ang}}. Alternative source may be {{etyl|ang}} {{term|rap|rāp|rope|lang=ang}}, used to mark out the territory.

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# One of the six former [[administrative]] [[divisions]] of [[Sussex]], UK.

====See also====
* [[hundred]]
* [[wapentake]]

====External links====
* {{pedialite|Rape (county subdivision)}}


===Anagrams===
===Anagrams===
* [[aper#English|aper]], [[pare#English|pare]], [[pear#English|pear]], [[reap#English|reap]]
* [[aper#English|aper]], [[pare#English|pare]], [[pear#English|pear]], [[reap#English|reap]]

===References===
<references>


[[Category:en:Crime]]
[[Category:en:Crime]]

Revision as of 06:14, 12 September 2012

See also: râpe and râpé

English

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Pronunciation

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  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "eɪp" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.

Etymology 1

Probably alternative form of (deprecated template usage) rope (as originally used to mark out boundaries).

Noun

rape (plural rapes)

  1. (deprecated template usage) ( historical) One of the six former administrative divisions of Sussex, England. [from 11th c.]
    • 1971, Frank Merry Stenton, Anglo-Saxon England:
      There is little, if any, doubt that the division of Sussex into six rapes had been carried out before the Conquest, though the term is not mentioned in any Old English record.
    • 1997, Ann Williams, The English and the Norman Conquest, p. 18:
      These four castles dominated the Sussex rapes named after them; the fifth rape, Bramber, held by William de Braose, was in existence by 1084.

See also

Etymology 2

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle English (deprecated template usage) rapen, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Norse (deprecated template usage) hrapa, from Template:proto, from Template:proto. Cognate with (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Norwegian (deprecated template usage) rapa, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Danish (deprecated template usage) rappe, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] German (deprecated template usage) rappeln.

Verb

rape (third-person singular simple present rap, present participle ing, simple past and past participle raped)

  1. Template:obsolete To make haste; to hasten or hurry. [14th-16th c.]

Noun

rape (plural rapes)

  1. Template:obsolete Haste; precipitancy; a precipitate course. [14th-17th c.]
    • c. 1390, Geoffrey Chaucer, Wordes Unto Adam:
      So ofte a-daye I mot thy werk renewe, It to correcte and eek to rubbe and scrape; And al is thorugh thy negligence and rape.

Adverb

rape (comparative more rape, superlative most rape)

  1. Template:obsolete Quickly; hastily. [14th-19th c.]

Etymology 3

Probably from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin (deprecated template usage) rapere (verb), (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Anglo-Norman (deprecated template usage) rap, (deprecated template usage) rape (noun) (from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin (deprecated template usage) rapere). But compare (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Swedish (deprecated template usage) rappa, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Norwegian (deprecated template usage) rapa, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Low German (deprecated template usage) rapen, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Dutch (deprecated template usage) rapen; the relationship with Germanic forms is not clear. Compare also (deprecated template usage) rap.[1]

Verb

rape (third-person singular simple present rap, present participle ing, simple past and past participle raped)

  1. Template:transitive To seize by force. (Now often with overtones of later senses.) [from 14th c.]
    • 1978, Gore Vidal, Kalki:
      Dr Ashok's eyes had a tendency to pop whenever he wanted to rape your attention.
  2. Template:transitive To carry (someone, especially a woman) off against their will, especially for sex; to abduct. [from 15th c.]
    • 1718, Alexander Pope, translating Homer, The Iliad:
      A Princess rap’d transcends a Navy storm'd.
  3. Template:transitive To force sexual intercourse or other sexual activity upon (someone) without their consent. [from 16th c.]
  4. Template:transitive To plunder, to destroy or despoil. [from 17th c.]
    • 1892, Rudyard Kipling, Barrack-Room Ballads:
      I raped your richest roadstead—I plundered Singapore!
  5. Template:US To overpower, destroy (someone); to trounce. [from 20th c.]
    My experienced opponent will rape me at chess.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Translations

Noun

rape (plural rapes)

  1. (deprecated template usage) ( rare) The taking of something by force; seizure, plunder. [from 14th c.]
    • 1712, Alexander Pope, (title):
      The rape of the lock.
    • 1977, JRR Tolkien, The Silmarillion:
      Few of the Teleri were willing to go forth to war, for they remembered the slaying at the Swanhaven, and the rape of their ships.
  2. The act of forcing sexual intercourse upon another person without their consent or against their will; originally conceived as a crime committed by a man against a woman, but now often extended (under various legal systems) to include other kinds of forced sexual activity by persons of either sex. [from 15th c.]
    • 1990, ‘Turning Victims into Saints’, Time, 22 Jan 1990:
      Last April the media world exploded in indignation at the rape and beating of a jogger in Central Park.
  3. (deprecated template usage) ( archaic) The abduction of a woman, especially for sexual purposes. [from 15th c.]
    • 2000, Mary Beard, The Guardian, 8 Sep 2000:
      The tale of the rape of Lucretia, for example, is hardly tellable - as many Roman writers themselves discovered - without raising the question of where seduction ends and rape begins; the rape of the Sabines puts a similar question mark over the distinction between rape and marriage.
Derived terms
terms derived from rape

Template:rel-mid

Translations

Etymology 4

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin (deprecated template usage) rapa, from (deprecated template usage) rapum.

Noun

rape (plural rape)

  1. rapeseed, Brassica napus
    • 2001, Bill Lambrecht, Dinner at the New Gene Café, 231
      After the Industrial Revolution, it was discovered that rape also yields oil suitable for lubrication.
Translations
rapeseed — see rapeseed

Etymology 5

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle English (deprecated template usage) rape, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old French (deprecated template usage) rape, from (deprecated template usage) raper, (deprecated template usage) rasper, from Old (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Frankish Template:recons, related to (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old High German (deprecated template usage) raspōn, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old English (deprecated template usage) ġehrespan.

Noun

rape (plural rapes)

  1. The stalks and husks of grapes.
  2. A filter containing the stalks and husks of grapes used for clarifying wine.
  3. Template:obsolete Fruit plucked in a bunch.
    a rape of grapes.
Translations

Anagrams

References

<references>

Dutch

Pronunciation

Verb

Lua error: Parameter 2 is required.

  1. Template:nl-verb-form

Anagrams

Italian

Pronunciation

Noun

rape Template:f

  1. (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) plural of rapa

Anagrams

Latin

Verb

(deprecated template usage) rape

  1. (deprecated template usage) second-person singular present active imperative of rapiōTemplate:la-conj-form-gloss

Spanish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Catalan (deprecated template usage) rap.

Noun

rape m (plural rapes)

  1. monkfish
Synonyms

Etymology 2

From (deprecated template usage) rapar.

Noun

rape m (plural rapes)

  1. shaving, hair crop

Verb

Template:es-verb-form

  1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of rapar.
  2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of rapar.
  3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of rapar.
  4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present subjunctive form of rapar.
  1. ^ "rape, v.2"; "rape, n.3". OED Online. September 2012. Oxford University Press. [1], [2] (accessed September 12, 2012).
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=rape&oldid=18120988"