pera

See also: Pera, perá, perä, pēra, pêra, and пера

Asturian

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Noun

pera f (plural peres)

1. pear

Further reading

• “pera” in Diccionario general de la lengua asturiana. Xosé Lluis García Arias. →ISBN.

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Basque

Noun

pera

1. allative singular of pe

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Catalan

Etymology

From Old Catalan pera, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /ˈpə.ɾə/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛ.ɾə/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.ɾa/

• Audio (Valencian)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛɾa
• Rhymes: -eɾa

Noun

pera f (plural peres)

1. pear (fruit)
2. goatee

   Synonym: masclet

3. bulb

   Synonym: bombeta

4. (colloquial) penis

Derived terms

• partir peres
• perer
• perera
• tocar la pera

Further reading

• “pera” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “pera”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2022
• “pera” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “pera” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

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Chavacano

Etymology

From Spanish pera.

Noun

pera

1. pear (fruit)

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Corsican

Noun

pera f (plural pere)

1. pear

Related terms

• peru (“pear tree”)

References

• “pera” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa

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Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpɛra]

Noun

pera

1. inflection of pero:
   1. genitive singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Verb

pera

1. masculine singular present transgressive of prát

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Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse pera, probably from Old English pere, peru, from Latin pirum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpʰeːɹa/
• Rhymes: -eːɹa

Noun

pera f (genitive singular peru, plural perur)

1. pear (fruit)
2. light bulb

Declension

Declension of pera
f1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	pera	peran	perur	perurnar
accusative	peru	peruna	perur	perurnar
dative	peru	peruni	perum	perunum
genitive	peru	perunnar	pera	peranna

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Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese pera (13th century, Alfonso X), from Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpeɾɐ]

Noun

pera f (plural peras)

1. pear (fruit)
2. (slang) masturbation

Related terms

• pereira

Further reading

• “pera” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

References

• “pera” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “pera” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “pera” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “pera” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

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Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse pera, probably from Old English pere, peru, from Latin pirum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpʰɛːra/
• Rhymes: -ɛːra

Noun

pera f (genitive singular peru, nominative plural perur)

1. pear (fruit)
2. light bulb

Declension

declension of pera

f-w1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	pera	peran	perur	perurnar
accusative	peru	peruna	perur	perurnar
dative	peru	perunni	perum	perunum
genitive	peru	perunnar	pera	peranna

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Istriot

Etymology

From Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra).

Noun

pera f

1. stone

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Italian

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpe.ra/
• Rhymes: -era
• Hyphenation: pé‧ra

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

pera f (plural pere)

1. pear (the fruit)
2. (slang) fix (dose of drug)

   farsi una pera

   to shoot up

Related terms

• peretta
• pero

Anagrams

• apre, arpe, pare, rape

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Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πήρα (pḗra).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpeː.ra/, [ˈpeːrä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.ra/, [ˈpɛːrä]

Noun

pēra f (genitive pērae); first declension

1. bag, satchel (slung over one shoulder)
2. wallet
3. scrip

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	pēra	pērae
Genitive	pērae	pērārum
Dative	pērae	pērīs
Accusative	pēram	pērās
Ablative	pērā	pērīs
Vocative	pēra	pērae

Derived terms

• pērula

Related terms

• hippopēra

References

• “pera”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “pera”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• pera in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “pera”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “pera”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
• “pera”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Anagrams

• aper, prae

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Leonese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

pera f (plural peras)

1. pear

References

• AEDLL
• Pallabreiru Llïonés

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Lindu

Noun

pera

1. silver

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Makasar

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pəʀəq, from Proto-Austronesian *pəʀəq.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpera]

Verb

pera (Lontara spelling ᨄᨙᨑ, semi-transitive ammera)

1. (transitive) to wring out

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Maori

Noun

pera

1. pillow

See also

• urunga

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Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan pera, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpeɾo]

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

pera f (plural peras)

1. pear

Related terms

• perer / perièr

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Old Portuguese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpe.ɾa/

Etymology 1

From Latin per (“through”) + ad (“to”).

Preposition

pera

1. for, towards
   • 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, E codex, cantiga 100 (facsimile):

     Santa maria / ſtrela do dia / moſtra nos uia / pera deus ⁊ nos guia.

     Holy Mary, / star of the daytime; / show us the way / towards God, and guide us.

Descendants

• Galician: para, pra
• Portuguese: para, pra

Etymology 2

From Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Noun

pera f

1. pear

   maçãas e peras ― apples and pears

Descendants

• Galician: pera
• Portuguese: pera

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Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛ.ra/
• Rhymes: -ɛra
• Syllabification: pe‧ra

Noun

pera f (diminutive perka)

1. (Poznań) Alternative form of pyra

Declension

Declension of pera

	singular	plural
nominative	pera	pery
genitive	pery	per
dative	perze	perom
accusative	perę	pery
instrumental	perą	perami
locative	perze	perach
vocative	pero	pery

References

• “Pyra”, in Słownik gwary miejskiej Poznania‎^[2], (please provide a date or year)

Further reading

• pera in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• pera in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Portuguese

pera

Etymology 1

From Old Portuguese pera, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Alternative forms

• pêra (pre-1990 spelling)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpe.ɾɐ/

• Rhymes: -eɾɐ
• Hyphenation: pe‧ra

Noun

pera f (plural peras)

1. pear
2. (colloquial) a knuckle sandwich

Derived terms

• pereira
• pera doce

Etymology 2

Clipping of espera.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛ.ɾɐ/

• Rhymes: -ɛɾɐ
• Hyphenation: pe‧ra

Interjection

pera

1. (colloquial) just a minute

   Synonym: peraí

2. (colloquial) wait (asking for stop to make an observation)

Etymology 3

Preposition

pera

1. Obsolete form of para.

Further reading

• “pera” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

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Serbo-Croatian

Noun

pera

1. inflection of pero:
   1. genitive singular
   2. nominative/genitive/accusative/vocative plural

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Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpera]

Noun

pera

1. genitive singular of pero

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Spanish

Etymology

From Old Spanish pera, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpeɾa/, [ˈpe.ɾa]

• Audio (Colombia)

  (file)

Noun

pera f (plural peras)

1. pear
2. chin

   Synonyms: barbilla, mentón

3. (boxing) speed bag

Derived terms

• del año de la pera
• más sano que una pera
• partir peras
• pedir peras al olmo
• peras y manzanas
• perilla

 

Descendants

• → Jicarilla: béela

Further reading

• “pera”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Anagrams

• rape, rapé, pare, paré

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Swahili

Etymology

From Portuguese pera (“pear”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya)

  (file)

Noun

pera (ma class, plural mapera)

1. guava

Derived terms

• mpera

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Tagalog

Etymology

Either from Spanish perra (“bitch / female dog (slang for 5 and 10 centimo peseta coins)”) or Spanish pela (“a hit or beating (slang for 1 peseta coins)”), due to the circulation of Perra gorda (10 centimo peseta coin) and Perra chica (5 centimo peseta coin) and pela (1 peseta coin) during Spanish Colonial times in the Philippines, which by 1889 in the Diccionario hispano-tagalog, Volume 2 with Spanish pera being additionally defined in Tagalog as "Ang pagaárî; ò katunkúlang malakí ang kita, at kákauntî ang pàgod." ("The ownership; or responsibility with big income, and little fatigue.") Potet (2016) remarks that it seems to be a cross between Malay perak and Spanish perra.

Alternatively, from pilak, silver in Tagalog, and ultimately from Proto-Malayic pirak, and descendant perak, which is silver in Indonesian and Malaysian, and also refers to coin and money, colloquially, in the former.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: pe‧ra
• IPA^(key): /ˈpeɾa/, [ˈpe.ɾɐ]
• IPA^(key): /ˈpiɾa/, [ˈpɪ.ɾɐ] (Bataan)

Noun

pera

1. money; cash

   Synonym: salapi

Derived terms

• mamera
• mapera
• perahan
• perahin
• sampera

 

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Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *perä, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *perä. Cognates include Finnish perä.

Noun

pera

1. stern (rear end of a ship)

Inflection

Inflection of pera
nominative sing.	pera
genitive sing.	peran
partitive sing.	perad
partitive plur.	peroid
	singular	plural
nominative	pera	perad
accusative	peran	perad
genitive	peran	peroiden
partitive	perad	peroid
essive-instructive	peran	peroin
translative	peraks	peroikš
inessive	peras	peroiš
elative	peraspäi	peroišpäi
illative	?	peroihe
adessive	peral	peroil
ablative	peralpäi	peroilpäi
allative	perale	peroile
abessive	perata	peroita
comitative	peranke	peroidenke
prolative	peradme	peroidme
approximative I	peranno	peroidenno
approximative II	perannoks	peroidennoks
egressive	perannopäi	peroidennopäi
terminative I	?	peroihesai
terminative II	peralesai	peroilesai
terminative III	perassai	—
additive I	?	peroihepäi
additive II	peralepäi	peroilepäi

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “корма”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika