binden

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See also: Binden

Dutch

Etymology

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(deprecated template usage)

From Middle Dutch binden, from Old Dutch *bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbɪndə(n)/
  • audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: bin‧den
  • Rhymes: -ɪndən

Verb

binden

  1. (transitive) to tie
  2. (transitive) to wrap
  3. (transitive) to bind (generally, legally/contractually)
  4. (intransitive) to bind, to thicken (of food)

Inflection

Conjugation of binden (strong class 3)
infinitive binden
past singular bond
past participle gebonden
infinitive binden
gerund binden n
present tense past tense
1st person singular bind bond
2nd person sing. (jij) bindt, bind2 bond
2nd person sing. (u) bindt bond
2nd person sing. (gij) bindt bondt
3rd person singular bindt bond
plural binden bonden
subjunctive sing.1 binde bonde
subjunctive plur.1 binden bonden
imperative sing. bind
imperative plur.1 bindt
participles bindend gebonden
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Afrikaans: bind

German

Etymology

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(deprecated template usage)

From Middle High German binden, from Old High German bintan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-. Cognate with Low German binnen, Dutch binden, English bind, Danish binde.

Pronunciation

Verb

Template:de-verb-strong

  1. (transitive) to tie up; to fasten; to bind together
    ein Buch binden — “to bind a book”
  2. (transitive) to knot
  3. (intransitive) to congeal; to thicken; to set; to bond
  4. (reflexive) to become involved; to commit (oneself)

Conjugation

Template:de-conj-strong

Derived terms

Further reading

Middle Dutch

Etymology

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(deprecated template usage)

From Old Dutch *bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-.

Verb

binden

  1. to bind, to tie
  2. to tie up
  3. to bind (to an obligation)

Inflection

Strong class 3
Infinitive binden
3rd sg. past bant
3rd pl. past bonden
Past participle bond
Infinitive binden
In genitive bindens
In dative bindene
Indicative Present Past
1st singular binde bant
2nd singular bints, bindes bonts, bondes
3rd singular bint, bindet bant
1st plural binden bonden
2nd plural bint, bindet bont, bondet
3rd plural binden bonden
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular binde bonde
2nd singular bints, bindes bondes
3rd singular binde bonde
1st plural binden bonden
2nd plural bint, bindet bondet
3rd plural binden bonden
Imperative Present
Singular bint, binde
Plural bint, bindet
Present Past
Participle bindende bond

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old English bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną; equivalent to bynde +‎ -en.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbiːndən/, /ˈbindən/

Verb

binden

  1. To secure or strengthen by various means:
    1. To bind, fasten; to make a knot or fastening or secure by making one.
      1. (figurative, rare) To end or finish; to wrap up (compare Modern English wrap up for semantics)
    2. To connect, join, secure, especially by binding:
      1. (figurative) To metaphorically connect; to mix or unify.
    3. To strengthen; to make secure and strong.
      1. (figurative) To remember; to keep one's mental connection secure.
      2. (figurative) To strengthen or provide proof for an argument.
  2. To take away one's agency and free will by various means; to enthrall:
    1. To restrain a captive; to jail.
    2. To enslave, subordinate, or force.
    3. To enrapture or captivate.
    4. To obligate or oblige; to have one forced to do something via societal pressure.
    5. (rare) To take into apprenticeship or training.
  3. To enter into a socially binding obligation, agreement or compact.
    1. To enter into a marital relationship; to marry:
    2. (rare, Late Middle English) To copulate; to have sex.
  4. To have the force of a socially binding obligation, agreement or compact
  5. To force or compel; to make someone perform an action:
    1. To force into a socially binding obligation, agreement or compact.
    2. To mete out or proscribe penalties.
  6. To decorate or adorn; to add ornaments on.
  7. To induce constipation
  8. To enclose or surround; to fold as to completely conceal.
  9. (rare) To cohere; to enjoin with itself.

Conjugation

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Conjugation of binden (strong class 3)
infinitive (to) binden
indicative present past
1st person singular binde bonde, band, bound
2nd person singular bindest bonde, bound, *boundest
3rd person singular bindeþ, bindeth bonde, band, bound
plural binden bounden, bonden, banden
subjunctive present past
singular binde *bonde, *bounde
plural binden bonden, bounden, banden
imperative present
singular binde
plural bindeþ, bindeth
participle present past
bindende, bindinge bounden, ybounde

Usage notes

This verb inherited a system of alternations between the past singular stem vowel (/ɔː/ or /a/ in Middle English) and the past plural and participle stem vowel (/uː/ in Middle English) from Old English and ultimately Proto-Germanic. In the later Middle English period, these tended to be levelled out to one of the vowels; which vowel was chosen depended on dialect. In the end, the variant with /uː/ won out and survives in bound, the Modern English past tense, though the quality of the vowel has changed to /aʊ/.

Descendants

References

Middle High German

Etymology

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(deprecated template usage)

From Old High German bintan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną. Cognate with Dutch binden and English bind.

Verb

binden

  1. to bind

Conjugation

conjugation of binden (strong class III)
infinitive binden
present participle bindende
past participle gebunden
indicative subjunctive
present ich binde wir binden i ich binde wir binden
du bindest ir bindet du bindest ir bindet
ër bindet sie bindent ër bindet sie binden
preterite ich band wir bunden ii ich bünde wir bünden
du bünde ir bundet du bündest ir bündet
ër band sie bunden ër bünde sie bünden
imperative bind (du) binden (wir) bindet (ir)

Descendants

Middle Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon bindan (“to bind”), from Proto-Germanic *bindaną.

Pronunciation

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Verb

binden

  1. to bind

Conjugation

Conjugation of binden as a class 3a strong verb
Plain Infinitive binden
Full Infinitive (Gerund) tô bindene or tô bindende
Verbal Noun binden or bindent
Participles Imperatives
Present bindende 2nd Person Singular bint
Past gebunden 2nd Person Plural bindet
Indicative Subjunctive
Present Preterite Present Preterite
1st Person Singular binde bant binde bünde
2nd Person Singular bindest or bintst bundest or bündest bindest bündest
3rd Person Singular bindet or bint bant bindet bünde
Plural binden (bindet?) bunden or bünden binden bünden
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