binden
Dutch
Etymology
2=bʰendʰPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
From Middle Dutch binden, from Old Dutch *bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-.
Pronunciation
Verb
binden
- (transitive) to tie
- (transitive) to wrap
- (transitive) to bind (generally, legally/contractually)
- (intransitive) to bind, to thicken (of food)
Inflection
Conjugation of binden (strong class 3) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | binden | |||
past singular | bond | |||
past participle | gebonden | |||
infinitive | binden | |||
gerund | binden n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | bind | bond | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | bindt, bind2 | bond | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | bindt | bond | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | bindt | bondt | ||
3rd person singular | bindt | bond | ||
plural | binden | bonden | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | binde | bonde | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | binden | bonden | ||
imperative sing. | bind | |||
imperative plur.1 | bindt | |||
participles | bindend | gebonden | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Afrikaans: bind
German
Etymology
2=bʰendʰPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
From Middle High German binden, from Old High German bintan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-. Cognate with Low German binnen, Dutch binden, English bind, Danish binde.
Pronunciation
Verb
- (transitive) to tie up; to fasten; to bind together
- ein Buch binden — “to bind a book”
- (transitive) to knot
- (intransitive) to congeal; to thicken; to set; to bond
- (reflexive) to become involved; to commit (oneself)
Conjugation
Derived terms
- abbinden
- anbinden
- Angebinde
- aufbinden
- Ausbund
- Band
- Binde
- Bindedraht
- Bindegarn
- Bindegewebe
- Bindehaut
- Bindemittel
- bindend
- Binder
- Binderei
- Bindestrich
- Bindeton
- Bindewort
- Bindfaden
- Bindung
- Buchbinder
- Bund
- Einband
- einbinden
- entbinden
- Gebinde
- umbinden
- ungebunden
- unterbinden
- unverbindlich
- verbinden
- verbindlich
- Verbindlichkeit
- Verbindung
- Verbund
- zubinden
Further reading
- “binden” in Duden online
Middle Dutch
Etymology
2=bʰendʰPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
From Old Dutch *bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-.
Verb
binden
Inflection
Strong class 3 | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | binden | |
3rd sg. past | bant | |
3rd pl. past | bonden | |
Past participle | bond | |
Infinitive | binden | |
In genitive | bindens | |
In dative | bindene | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | binde | bant |
2nd singular | bints, bindes | bonts, bondes |
3rd singular | bint, bindet | bant |
1st plural | binden | bonden |
2nd plural | bint, bindet | bont, bondet |
3rd plural | binden | bonden |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | binde | bonde |
2nd singular | bints, bindes | bondes |
3rd singular | binde | bonde |
1st plural | binden | bonden |
2nd plural | bint, bindet | bondet |
3rd plural | binden | bonden |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | bint, binde | |
Plural | bint, bindet | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | bindende | bond |
Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading
- “binden (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “binden (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old English bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną; equivalent to bynde + -en.
Pronunciation
Verb
binden
- To secure or strengthen by various means:
- To bind, fasten; to make a knot or fastening or secure by making one.
- (figurative, rare) To end or finish; to wrap up (compare Modern English wrap up for semantics)
- To connect, join, secure, especially by binding:
- (figurative) To metaphorically connect; to mix or unify.
- To strengthen; to make secure and strong.
- (figurative) To remember; to keep one's mental connection secure.
- (figurative) To strengthen or provide proof for an argument.
- To bind, fasten; to make a knot or fastening or secure by making one.
- To take away one's agency and free will by various means; to enthrall:
- To enter into a socially binding obligation, agreement or compact.
- To enter into a marital relationship; to marry:
- (rare, Late Middle English) To copulate; to have sex.
- To have the force of a socially binding obligation, agreement or compact
- To force or compel; to make someone perform an action:
- To force into a socially binding obligation, agreement or compact.
- To mete out or proscribe penalties.
- To decorate or adorn; to add ornaments on.
- To induce constipation
- To enclose or surround; to fold as to completely conceal.
- (rare) To cohere; to enjoin with itself.
Conjugation
4=[[binden]] 6=[[binden]] 14=bounden, bonden, banden 16=bounden, bonden, bandenPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
infinitive | (to) binden | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | binde | bonde, band, bound |
2nd person singular | bindest | bonde, bound, *boundest |
3rd person singular | bindeþ, bindeth | bonde, band, bound |
plural | binden | bounden, bonden, banden |
subjunctive | present | past |
singular | binde | *bonde, *bounde |
plural | binden | bonden, bounden, banden |
imperative | present | |
singular | binde | |
plural | bindeþ, bindeth | |
participle | present | past |
bindende, bindinge | bounden, ybounde |
Usage notes
This verb inherited a system of alternations between the past singular stem vowel (/ɔː/ or /a/ in Middle English) and the past plural and participle stem vowel (/uː/ in Middle English) from Old English and ultimately Proto-Germanic. In the later Middle English period, these tended to be levelled out to one of the vowels; which vowel was chosen depended on dialect. In the end, the variant with /uː/ won out and survives in bound, the Modern English past tense, though the quality of the vowel has changed to /aʊ/.
Related terms
Descendants
References
- “bī̆nden (v.)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-27.
Middle High German
Etymology
2=bʰendʰPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
From Old High German bintan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną. Cognate with Dutch binden and English bind.
Verb
binden
- to bind
Conjugation
infinitive | binden | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | bindende | ||||
past participle | gebunden | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
present | ich binde | wir binden | i | ich binde | wir binden |
du bindest | ir bindet | du bindest | ir bindet | ||
ër bindet | sie bindent | ër bindet | sie binden | ||
preterite | ich band | wir bunden | ii | ich bünde | wir bünden |
du bünde | ir bundet | du bündest | ir bündet | ||
ër band | sie bunden | ër bünde | sie bünden | ||
imperative | bind (du) | binden (wir) | bindet (ir) |
Descendants
- German: binden
Middle Low German
Etymology
From Old Saxon bindan (“to bind”), from Proto-Germanic *bindaną.
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 307: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "originally" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /bɪndən/
Verb
binden
- to bind
Conjugation
Plain Infinitive | binden | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Full Infinitive (Gerund) | tô bindene or tô bindende | |||
Verbal Noun | binden or bindent | |||
Participles | Imperatives | |||
Present | bindende | 2nd Person Singular | bint | |
Past | gebunden | 2nd Person Plural | bindet | |
Indicative | Subjunctive | |||
Present | Preterite | Present | Preterite | |
1st Person Singular | binde | bant | binde | bünde |
2nd Person Singular | bindest or bintst | bundest or bündest | bindest | bündest |
3rd Person Singular | bindet or bint | bant | bindet | bünde |
Plural | binden (bindet?) | bunden or bünden | binden | bünden |
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɪndən
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch transitive verbs
- Dutch intransitive verbs
- Dutch class 3 strong verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- Rhymes:German/ɪndn̩
- German transitive verbs
- German intransitive verbs
- German reflexive verbs
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch verbs
- Middle Dutch class 3 strong verbs
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms suffixed with -en
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English verbs
- Middle English terms with rare senses
- Late Middle English
- Middle English class 3 strong verbs
- enm:Appearance
- enm:Emotions
- enm:Marriage
- enm:Medicine
- enm:Society
- Middle High German terms inherited from Old High German
- Middle High German terms derived from Old High German
- Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle High German lemmas
- Middle High German verbs
- Middle High German class 3 strong verbs
- Middle Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon
- Middle Low German terms derived from Old Saxon
- Middle Low German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Low German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Low German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Low German lemmas
- Middle Low German verbs
- Middle Low German strong verbs
- Middle Low German class 3 strong verbs