familia

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See also: Familia, família, and famìlia

Translingual[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin familia.

Noun[edit]

familia

  1. (biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below ordo and above genus.
  2. (taxonomy) A taxon at this rank.

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Learned borrowing from Latin familia (“family”). Doublet of family.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /fəˈmɪlɪə/
  • Audio (UK)(file)
  • Homophone: familiar (some accents)

Noun[edit]

familia (plural familiae)

  1. (historical) A household or religious community under one head, regarded as a unit.
    • 2007, Ada I. Engebrigtsen, Exploring Gypsiness, page 117:
      Joska's elder brother Phuro was, however, seen as the leader of his familia. As one of the oldest males in the hamlet, with a familia that consisted of sons, bora and sons-in-law, Phuro's position as head of his familia was given by his age and by his authority as father.
  2. (Roman law) The paterfamilias, his legitimate descendants and their wives, all persons adopted into his family and their wives, and all slaves belonging to the household.

Asturian[edit]

Asturian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ast

Etymology[edit]

From Latin familia.

Noun[edit]

familia f (plural families)

  1. family

Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Spanish familia.

Noun[edit]

familia

  1. family

Esperanto[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From familio (“family”) +‎ -a (suffix indicating an adjective).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [famiˈlia]
  • Rhymes: -ia
  • Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧li‧a

Adjective[edit]

familia (accusative singular familian, plural familiaj, accusative plural familiajn)

  1. familial; family (attributively)

Galician[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin familia.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

familia f (plural familias)

  1. family

Further reading[edit]

Ingrian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Russian фамилия (familija).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

familia (genitive familian, partitive familiaa)

  1. surname, last name

Declension[edit]

Declension of familia (type 3/kana, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative familia familiat
genitive familian familioin
partitive familiaa familioja
illative familiaa familioi
inessive familias familiois
elative familiast familioist
allative familialle familioille
adessive familial familioil
ablative familialt familioilt
translative familiaks familioiks
essive familianna, familiaan familioinna, familioin
exessive1) familiant familioint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.
Chernyavskij's declension of familia
singular plural
nominative familia familiat
genitive familian familioin
partitive familiaa familioja
illative familiaa familioihe
inessive familiaaz familioiz
elative familiast familioist
allative familialle familioille
adessive familiaal familioil
ablative familialt familioilt
translative familiaks familioiks
essive familiaan familioin
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)

References[edit]

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 38
  • Vitalij Chernyavskij (2005) Ižoran keel (Ittseopastaja)‎[1], page 98

Interlingua[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

familia (plural familias)

  1. family

Ladin[edit]

Noun[edit]

familia f (plural families)

  1. family

Latin[edit]

FWOTD – 15 May 2018

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Italic *fameljā (“of the house → household”). In view of the semantic shift illustrated in the cognates, famulus (“servant, slave”) (with Oscan 𐌚𐌀𐌌𐌄𐌋 (famel, “servile”)) is probably a backformation from it and not the other way around. From Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁-m-eló-m (“fundament”), from *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”). Cognate to Sanskrit धामन् (dhāman, “order; dwelling-place, temple; family”), Ancient Greek θεμέλιος (themélios, “of the foundation”), θέμις (thémis, “justice, law”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

familia f (genitive familiae); first declension

  1. A household, all persons subject to the control of one man (whether relations, freedmen or slaves).
  2. The slaves of a household, servants.
  3. A group of slaves stationed in one place; a brigade, gang (used for some purpose).
    1. One's personal retinue.
  4. A family, kin (a group of people closely related to one another).
    Synonym: domus
    • Vulgate, Genesis 10.32:
      Hae familiae Nōē iū̆xtā populōs et nātiōnēs suās. Ab hīs dīvīsae sunt gentēs in Terrā post dīluvium.
      These are the families of Noah, according to their peoples and tribes. From them split the nations on Earth after the deluge.
  5. An intellectual school (e.g., of philosophy)
    Synonym: domus
  6. (law) An estate (sometimes distinct from pecūnia and possibly restricted to rēs mancipī.

Usage notes[edit]

According to Richard Saller, “[f]amilia was never used to mean ‘father, mother and children’ in our sense of ‘family’ today. It did have a technical, legal usage akin to ‘family’, but in common parlance most often meant ‘slave staff’, exclusive of the master's family.... The usual word for ‘family’ in the classical period was domus, which carried the general sense of ‘household’ including domestic slaves.”[1]

Declension[edit]

First-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative familia familiae
Genitive familiae familiārum
Dative familiae familiīs
Accusative familiam familiās
Ablative familiā familiīs
Vocative familia familiae

The older genitive singular familiās is frequent in pater familiās, as well as with fīlius, māter, and fīlia.

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Holonyms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Borrowings

References[edit]

  • “familia” on page 740 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “famulus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 200
  1. ^ Saller, Richard, Slavery and the Roman Family, in Finley, Moses I., ed., Classical Slavery (London: Frank Cass, cloth 1987 & 2000 (same ed.), reprinted 1999 →ISBN, p. 84

Further reading[edit]

  • “familia”, in Charlton T[homas] Lewis; Charles [Lancaster] Short (1879) […] A New Latin Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.; Cincinnati, Ohio; Chicago, Ill.: American Book Company; Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • “familia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • familia in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • familia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • a sect, school of thought: schola, disciplina, familia; secta
    • a theatrical company: familia, grex, caterva histrionum
    • a band, troupe of gladiators under the management of a lanista: familia gladiatoria (Sest. 64. 134)
  • “familia”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “familia”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Leonese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun[edit]

familia f (plural familias)

  1. family

References[edit]

Mòcheno[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Italian famiglia, from Latin familia (“family; household”).

Noun[edit]

familia f

  1. family

References[edit]

Polish[edit]

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin familia.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /faˈmi.lja/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ilja
  • Syllabification: fa‧mi‧lia

Noun[edit]

familia f (diminutive familijka)

  1. (dated) family
    Synonym: rodzina

Declension[edit]

Declension of familia
singular plural
nominative familia familie
genitive familii familii/familij (archaic)
dative familii familiom
accusative familię familie
instrumental familią familiami
locative familii familiach
vocative familio familie

Derived terms[edit]

adjective

Related terms[edit]

nouns
adjective
adverbs

Further reading[edit]

  • familia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • familia in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese[edit]

Noun[edit]

familia f (plural familias)

  1. Obsolete spelling of família

Romanian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

familia f

  1. definite singular nominative/accusative of familie

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin familia.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /faˈmilja/, [faˈmi.lja]
  • Audio (Colombia)(file)

Noun[edit]

familia f (plural familias)

  1. family (a nuclear family)
  2. family (a grouping of things possessing common characteristics)

Hyponyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Swahili[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin familia.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

familia (n class, plural familia)

  1. family
  2. (taxonomy) family
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