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familia

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Familia, família, famìlia, and familią
Languages (21)
Translingual • English
Aragonese • Asturian • Basque • Chamorro • Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl • Esperanto • Galician • Indonesian • Ingrian • Interlingua • Ladin • Latin • Leonese • Mòcheno • Polish • Portuguese • Romanian • Spanish • Swahili
Page categories

Translingual

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Etymology

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From Latin familia.

Noun

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familia

  1. (biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below ordo and above genus.
  2. (taxonomy) A taxon at this rank.

English

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Latin familia (“family”). Doublet of family.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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familia (plural familiae)

  1. (historical) A household or religious community under one head, regarded as a unit.
    • 2007, Ada I. Engebrigtsen, Exploring Gypsiness, page 117:
      Joska's elder brother Phuro was, however, seen as the leader of his familia. As one of the oldest males in the hamlet, with a familia that consisted of sons, bora and sons-in-law, Phuro's position as head of his familia was given by his age and by his authority as father.
  2. (Roman law) The paterfamilias, his legitimate descendants and their wives, all persons adopted into his family and their wives, and all slaves belonging to the household.

Aragonese

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Aragonese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia an

Etymology

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From Latin familia.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /faˈmilja/
  • Syllabification: fa‧mi‧lia
  • Rhymes: -ilja

Noun

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familia f (plural familias)

  1. family

Asturian

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Asturian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ast

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin familia.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /faˈmilja/ [faˈmi.lja]
  • Rhymes: -ilja
  • Syllabification: fa‧mi‧lia

Noun

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familia f (plural families)

  1. family
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Further reading

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  • “familia”, in Diccionariu de la llingua asturiana [Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Asturian), 1ª edición, Academia de la Llingua Asturiana, 2000, →ISBN
  • Xosé Lluis García Arias (2002–2004), “familia”, in Diccionario general de la lengua asturiana [General Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Spanish), Editorial Prensa Asturiana, →ISBN

Basque

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish familia.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /familia/ [fa.mi.li.a]
  • Rhymes: -ia, -a
  • Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧li‧a

Noun

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familia anim

  1. family, lineage
    Synonym: sendi

Declension

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Declension of familia (anim a-stem)
indefinite singular plural proximal plural
absolutive familia familia familiak familiok
ergative familiak familiak familiek familiok
dative familiari familiari familiei familioi
genitive familiaren familiaren familien familion
comitative familiarekin familiarekin familiekin familiokin
causative familiarengatik familiarengatik familiengatik familiongatik
benefactive familiarentzat familiarentzat familientzat familiontzat
instrumental familiaz familiaz familiez familiotaz
innesive familiarengan familiarengan familiengan familiongan
locative — — — —
allative familiarengana familiarengana familiengana familiongana
terminative familiarenganaino familiarenganaino familienganaino familionganaino
directive familiarenganantz familiarenganantz familienganantz familionganantz
destinative familiarenganako familiarenganako familienganako familionganako
ablative familiarengandik familiarengandik familiengandik familiongandik
partitive familiarik — — —
prolative familiatzat — — —

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “familia”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
  • “familia”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Chamorro

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish familia

Noun

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familia

  1. family

Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl

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Etymology

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From Spanish familia.

Noun

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familia

  1. family

Esperanto

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Etymology

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From familio (“family”) +‎ -a (suffix indicating an adjective).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /famiˈlia/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ia
  • Syllabification: fa‧mi‧li‧a

Adjective

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familia (accusative singular familian, plural familiaj, accusative plural familiajn)

  1. familial; family (attributively)

Galician

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Latin familia.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /faˈmilja/ [faˈmi.ljɐ]
  • Rhymes: -ilja
  • Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧lia

Noun

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familia f (plural familias)

  1. family

Further reading

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Indonesian

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Noun

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familia (plural familia-familia)

  1. family

Ingrian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Russian фамилия (familija).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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familia

  1. synonym of sukunimi

Declension

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Declension of familia (type 3/kana, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative familia familiat
genitive familian familioin
partitive familiaa familioja
illative familiaa familioi
inessive familias familiois
elative familiast familioist
allative familialle familioille
adessive familial familioil
ablative familialt familioilt
translative familiaks familioiks
essive familianna, familiaan familioinna, familioin
exessive1) familiant familioint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

References

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  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 38

Interlingua

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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familia (plural familias)

  1. family

Ladin

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Etymology

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From Latin familia.

Noun

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familia f (plural families)

  1. family

Latin

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FWOTD – 15 May 2018

Etymology

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From Proto-Italic *fameljā (“of the house → household”), from earlier *θameljā.

In view of the semantic shift illustrated in the cognates, famulus (“servant, slave”) (with Oscan 𐌚𐌀𐌌𐌄𐌋 (famel, “servile”)) is probably a backformation from it and not the other way around. From Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁-m-eló-m (“fundament”), from *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”). Cognate with Sanskrit धामन् (dhāman, “order; dwelling-place, temple; family”), Ancient Greek θεμέλιος (themélios, “of the foundation”), θέμις (thémis, “justice, law”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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familia f (genitive familiae or familiās); first declension

  1. a household (all persons subject to the control of one man (whether relations, freedmen or slaves))
  2. the slaves of a household, servants
  3. a group of slaves stationed in one place; a brigade, gang (used for some purpose)
    1. one's personal retinue
  4. a family, kin (a group of people closely related to one another)
    Synonym: domus
    • Vulgate, Genesis 10.32:
      Hae familiae Nōē iū̆xtā populōs et nātiōnēs suās. Ab hīs dīvīsae sunt gentēs in Terrā post dīluvium.
      These are the families of Noah, according to their peoples and tribes. From them split the nations on Earth after the deluge.
  5. an intellectual school (e.g., of philosophy)
    Synonym: domus
  6. (law) an estate (sometimes distinct from pecūnia and possibly restricted to rēs mancipī)

Usage notes

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According to Richard Saller, “[f]amilia was never used to mean ‘father, mother and children’ in our sense of ‘family’ today. It did have a technical, legal usage akin to ‘family’, but in common parlance most often meant ‘slave staff’, exclusive of the master's family.... The usual word for ‘family’ in the classical period was domus, which carried the general sense of ‘household’ including domestic slaves.”[1]

Declension

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First-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative familia familiae
genitive familiae
familiās 		familiārum
dative familiae familiīs
accusative familiam familiās
ablative familiā familiīs
vocative familia familiae

The Old Latin genitive singular familiās is used in pater familiās and similar expressions with fīlius, māter, and fīlia as the first element.

Holonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Borrowings

References

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  • “familia” on page 740 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “famulus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 200
  1. ^ Saller, Richard, Slavery and the Roman Family, in Finley, Moses I., ed., Classical Slavery (London: Frank Cass, cloth 1987 & 2000 (same ed.), reprinted 1999 →ISBN, p. 84

Further reading

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  • “familia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “familia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • "familia", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “familia”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • a sect, school of thought: schola, disciplina, familia; secta
    • a theatrical company: familia, grex, caterva histrionum
    • a band, troupe of gladiators under the management of a lanista: familia gladiatoria (Sest. 64. 134)
  • “familia”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “familia”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Leonese

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /faˈmilja/, [faˈmi.lja]
  • Rhymes: -ilja
  • Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧lia

Noun

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familia f (plural familias)

  1. family

References

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  • “familia”, in Diccionario Castellano-Leonés / Leonés-Castellano [Spanish-Leonese / Leonese-Spanish Dictionary] (in Spanish), La Asociación L'Alderique, 2012–2026
  • “familia”, in Pallabreiru Llïonés [Leonese Dictionary] (in Spanish), 2026

Mòcheno

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Etymology

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From Italian famiglia, from Latin familia (“family; household”).

Noun

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familia f

  1. family

References

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Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Latin familia.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /faˈmi.lja/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ilja
  • Syllabification: fa‧mi‧lia

Noun

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familia f (diminutive familijka, augmentative (dialectal) famuła, related adjective familijny)

  1. (dated) family
    Synonym: rodzina

Declension

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Declension of familia
singular plural
nominative familia familie
genitive familii familii/familij (archaic)
dative familii familiom
accusative familię familie
instrumental familią familiami
locative familii familiach
vocative familio familie
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adjectives
adverbs
nouns

Further reading

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  • familia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • familia in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

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Noun

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familia f (plural familias)

  1. obsolete spelling of família

Romanian

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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familia f

  1. definite singular nominative/accusative of familie

Spanish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin familia.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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familia f (plural familias)

  1. family (a nuclear family)
    • 2024 October 20, EFE, “Nueva caravana migrante con miles de personas sale de la frontera sur de México hacia Estados Unidos”, in CNN en Español‎[3]:
      El joven venezolano David Josué García Chirino, de 18 años, compartió a Efe su deseo de poder estudiar en el país norteamericano, traer a su familia y ofrecerle una vida diferente.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. family (a grouping of things possessing common characteristics)

Hyponyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Swahili

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Swahili Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sw

Etymology

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Borrowed from Portuguese família,[1] ultimately from Latin familia.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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familia class IX (plural familia class X)

  1. family
    Synonym: ayali
  2. (taxonomy) family

References

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  1. ^ Harvey, Andrew (2014), “Epenthetic Vowels in Swahili Loanwords”, in Journal of Linguistics and Language in Education‎[1], volume 8, number 2, page 38 of 17-45: “origin is more likely to be Pt. "família"”
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