English
Etymology
Contraction of fundamental, originating in Indian English.
Noun
funda (countable and uncountable, plural fundas or fundae or fundaes)
- (India) Basics or fundamentals, considered as a unit.
- Get your funda correct before you submit the paper.
- What is the funda behind relativity?
- 1992 [1]
- In my opinion, the funda is as follows:
- (India) Understanding.
- 1993, [2]
- You did not have the funda to realize that the statistics is an ass.
- 1993, [3]
- But then, your funda is weak.
Usage notes
Whilst fundaes and fundae both occur as the plural of funda, fundas is far more widespread. The pluralization to fundae is by analogy to formula/formulae. The pluralization to fundas is by the simple addition of -s.
The word is frequently used in Indian quizzing circles to denote the interesting fact or concept behind a question.
See also
References
Catalan
Verb
funda
- Lua error in Module:romance_inflections at line 173: Parameter "m" is not used by this template.
- Lua error in Module:romance_inflections at line 173: Parameter "m" is not used by this template.
Icelandic
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From fundur + -a.
Verb
funda (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative fundaði, supine fundað)
- (intransitive) to meet, to gather
Conjugation
infinitive (nafnháttur)
|
að funda
|
supine (sagnbót)
|
fundað
|
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)
|
fundandi
|
|
indicative (framsöguháttur)
|
|
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
|
present (nútíð)
|
ég funda
|
við fundum
|
present (nútíð)
|
ég fundi
|
við fundum
|
þú fundar
|
þið fundið
|
þú fundir
|
þið fundið
|
hann, hún, það fundar
|
þeir, þær, þau funda
|
hann, hún, það fundi
|
þeir, þær, þau fundi
|
|
past (þátíð)
|
ég fundaði
|
við funduðum
|
past (þátíð)
|
ég fundaði
|
við funduðum
|
þú fundaðir
|
þið funduðuð
|
þú fundaðir
|
þið funduðuð
|
hann, hún, það fundaði
|
þeir, þær, þau funduðu
|
hann, hún, það fundaði
|
þeir, þær, þau funduðu
|
|
imperative (boðháttur)
|
funda (þú)
|
fundið (þið)
|
|
Forms with appended personal pronoun
|
fundaðu
|
fundiði *
|
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
|
Etymology 2
Inflected form of fundur (“meeting”).
Noun
Template:is-noun form
- indefinite genitive plural of fundur
Latin
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
funda f (genitive fundae); first declension
- a hand-sling (contrasted with fustibalus (“a sling-staff”, “a stick sling”))
Declension
First-declension noun.
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- “funda”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “funda”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- funda in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “funda”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “funda”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Etymology 2
A conjugated form of fundō.
Pronunciation
Verb
(deprecated template usage) fundā
- second-person singular present active imperative of fundō
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Portugal" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈfũ.dɐ/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Brazil" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈfũ.da/
Etymology 1
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin fundus (“bottom”).
Adjective
funda
- (deprecated template usage) Feminine singular of adjective fundo.
Etymology 2
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin funda (“sling”).
Noun
funda f (plural s)
- sling (cloth weapon)
- Bible, 1 Samuel 17:50
- Portanto, Davi, com uma funda e uma pedra, mostrou ser mais forte que o Filisteu, e o entregou à morte, e não havia espada na mão de Davi.
- So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David.
- catapult, slingshot (elastic weapon)
- sling (hanging bandage)
Synonyms
Romanian
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] French fonder, based on Romanian fund.
Verb
a funda (third-person singular present fundează, past participle fundat) 1st conj.
- to found, set a foundation
Conjugation
Synonyms
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfunda/ [ˈfũn̪.d̪a]
Etymology 1
From Latin funda.
Noun
funda f (plural fundas)
- a case, a covering or bag used to wrap something up and protect it
- (Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Ecuador) A bag made of paper or plastic
- Synonyms: bolsa, saco
- (Bolivia) A female undergarment similar to a skirt
Derived terms
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
funda
- Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of fundar.
- Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of fundar.
- Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present indicative form of fundar.
funda
- Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of fundir.
- First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of fundir.
- Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of fundir.
- Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present subjunctive form of fundir.
Further reading
References
- Orlando Alba (2003) Cómo hablamos los dominicanos[4], Santo Domingo: Amigo del Hogar
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish فونده (funda), from Greek φούντα (foúnta, “shrub; flake, fringe”) from Hellenistic φοῦνδα (phoûnda), from Latin funda (“hand-sling, net”).
Noun
funda (definite accusative fundayı, plural fundalar)
- shrub, heath
- (botanics) heath
Declension
Declension of funda
|
singular (tekil)
|
plural (çoğul)
|
nominative (yalın)
|
funda
|
fundalar
|
definite accusative (belirtme)
|
fundayı
|
fundaları
|
dative (yönelme)
|
fundaya
|
fundalara
|
locative (bulunma)
|
fundada
|
fundalarda
|
ablative (ayrılma)
|
fundadan
|
fundalardan
|
genitive (tamlayan)
|
fundanın
|
fundaların
|
References
- Meyer, Gustav (1893) “Türkische Studien. I. Die griechischen und romanischen Bestandtheile im Wortschatze des Osmanisch-Türkischen”, in Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften (in German), volume 128, Wien: In Commission bei F. Tempsky, page 89
- “φούντα”, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Nguni *-fúnda, from Proto-Bantu *-túnda.
Verb
-fúnda
- (intransitive) to learn
- (transitive) to read
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
Zulu
Etymology 1
From Proto-Nguni *-fúnda, from Proto-Bantu *-túnda.
Verb
-fúnda
- (intransitive) to learn
- (transitive) to study
- (transitive) to read
Inflection
Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukufunda
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukufunda
|
ukungafundi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
funda
|
-funde
|
Plural
|
fundani
|
-fundeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyafunda, ngifunda
|
engifundayo, engifunda
|
ngifunda
|
angifundi
|
engingafundi
|
ngingafundi
|
2nd singular
|
uyafunda, ufunda
|
ofundayo, ofunda
|
ufunda
|
awufundi
|
ongafundi
|
ungafundi
|
1st plural
|
siyafunda, sifunda
|
esifundayo, esifunda
|
sifunda
|
asifundi
|
esingafundi
|
singafundi
|
2nd plural
|
niyafunda, nifunda
|
enifundayo, enifunda
|
nifunda
|
anifundi
|
eningafundi
|
ningafundi
|
Class 1
|
uyafunda, ufunda
|
ofundayo, ofunda
|
efunda
|
akafundi
|
ongafundi
|
engafundi
|
Class 2
|
bayafunda, bafunda
|
abafundayo, abafunda
|
befunda
|
abafundi
|
abangafundi
|
bengafundi
|
Class 3
|
uyafunda, ufunda
|
ofundayo, ofunda
|
ufunda
|
awufundi
|
ongafundi
|
ungafundi
|
Class 4
|
iyafunda, ifunda
|
efundayo, efunda
|
ifunda
|
ayifundi
|
engafundi
|
ingafundi
|
Class 5
|
liyafunda, lifunda
|
elifundayo, elifunda
|
lifunda
|
alifundi
|
elingafundi
|
lingafundi
|
Class 6
|
ayafunda, afunda
|
afundayo, afunda
|
efunda
|
awafundi
|
angafundi
|
engafundi
|
Class 7
|
siyafunda, sifunda
|
esifundayo, esifunda
|
sifunda
|
asifundi
|
esingafundi
|
singafundi
|
Class 8
|
ziyafunda, zifunda
|
ezifundayo, ezifunda
|
zifunda
|
azifundi
|
ezingafundi
|
zingafundi
|
Class 9
|
iyafunda, ifunda
|
efundayo, efunda
|
ifunda
|
ayifundi
|
engafundi
|
ingafundi
|
Class 10
|
ziyafunda, zifunda
|
ezifundayo, ezifunda
|
zifunda
|
azifundi
|
ezingafundi
|
zingafundi
|
Class 11
|
luyafunda, lufunda
|
olufundayo, olufunda
|
lufunda
|
alufundi
|
olungafundi
|
lungafundi
|
Class 14
|
buyafunda, bufunda
|
obufundayo, obufunda
|
bufunda
|
abufundi
|
obungafundi
|
bungafundi
|
Class 15
|
kuyafunda, kufunda
|
okufundayo, okufunda
|
kufunda
|
akufundi
|
okungafundi
|
kungafundi
|
Class 17
|
kuyafunda, kufunda
|
okufundayo, okufunda
|
kufunda
|
akufundi
|
okungafundi
|
kungafundi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngifundile, ngifundē
|
engifundile, engifundē
|
ngifundile, ngifundē
|
angifundanga
|
engingafundanga
|
ngingafundanga
|
2nd singular
|
ufundile, ufundē
|
ofundile, ofundē
|
ufundile, ufundē
|
awufundanga
|
ongafundanga
|
ungafundanga
|
1st plural
|
sifundile, sifundē
|
esifundile, esifundē
|
sifundile, sifundē
|
asifundanga
|
esingafundanga
|
singafundanga
|
2nd plural
|
nifundile, nifundē
|
enifundile, enifundē
|
nifundile, nifundē
|
anifundanga
|
eningafundanga
|
ningafundanga
|
Class 1
|
ufundile, ufundē
|
ofundile, ofundē
|
efundile, efundē
|
akafundanga
|
ongafundanga
|
engafundanga
|
Class 2
|
bafundile, bafundē
|
abafundile, abafundē
|
befundile, befundē
|
abafundanga
|
abangafundanga
|
bengafundanga
|
Class 3
|
ufundile, ufundē
|
ofundile, ofundē
|
ufundile, ufundē
|
awufundanga
|
ongafundanga
|
ungafundanga
|
Class 4
|
ifundile, ifundē
|
efundile, efundē
|
ifundile, ifundē
|
ayifundanga
|
engafundanga
|
ingafundanga
|
Class 5
|
lifundile, lifundē
|
elifundile, elifundē
|
lifundile, lifundē
|
alifundanga
|
elingafundanga
|
lingafundanga
|
Class 6
|
afundile, afundē
|
afundile, afundē
|
efundile, efundē
|
awafundanga
|
angafundanga
|
engafundanga
|
Class 7
|
sifundile, sifundē
|
esifundile, esifundē
|
sifundile, sifundē
|
asifundanga
|
esingafundanga
|
singafundanga
|
Class 8
|
zifundile, zifundē
|
ezifundile, ezifundē
|
zifundile, zifundē
|
azifundanga
|
ezingafundanga
|
zingafundanga
|
Class 9
|
ifundile, ifundē
|
efundile, efundē
|
ifundile, ifundē
|
ayifundanga
|
engafundanga
|
ingafundanga
|
Class 10
|
zifundile, zifundē
|
ezifundile, ezifundē
|
zifundile, zifundē
|
azifundanga
|
ezingafundanga
|
zingafundanga
|
Class 11
|
lufundile, lufundē
|
olufundile, olufundē
|
lufundile, lufundē
|
alufundanga
|
olungafundanga
|
lungafundanga
|
Class 14
|
bufundile, bufundē
|
obufundile, obufundē
|
bufundile, bufundē
|
abufundanga
|
obungafundanga
|
bungafundanga
|
Class 15
|
kufundile, kufundē
|
okufundile, okufundē
|
kufundile, kufundē
|
akufundanga
|
okungafundanga
|
kungafundanga
|
Class 17
|
kufundile, kufundē
|
okufundile, okufundē
|
kufundile, kufundē
|
akufundanga
|
okungafundanga
|
kungafundanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāfunda
|
engāfunda
|
ngāfunda
|
angifundanga
|
engingafundanga
|
ngingafundanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāfunda
|
owāfunda
|
wāfunda
|
awufundanga
|
ongafundanga
|
ungafundanga
|
1st plural
|
sāfunda
|
esāfunda
|
sāfunda
|
asifundanga
|
esingafundanga
|
singafundanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāfunda
|
enāfunda
|
nāfunda
|
anifundanga
|
eningafundanga
|
ningafundanga
|
Class 1
|
wāfunda
|
owāfunda
|
āfunda
|
akafundanga
|
ongafundanga
|
engafundanga
|
Class 2
|
bāfunda
|
abāfunda
|
bāfunda
|
abafundanga
|
abangafundanga
|
bengafundanga
|
Class 3
|
wāfunda
|
owāfunda
|
wāfunda
|
awufundanga
|
ongafundanga
|
ungafundanga
|
Class 4
|
yāfunda
|
eyāfunda
|
yāfunda
|
ayifundanga
|
engafundanga
|
ingafundanga
|
Class 5
|
lāfunda
|
elāfunda
|
lāfunda
|
alifundanga
|
elingafundanga
|
lingafundanga
|
Class 6
|
āfunda
|
āfunda
|
āfunda
|
awafundanga
|
angafundanga
|
engafundanga
|
Class 7
|
sāfunda
|
esāfunda
|
sāfunda
|
asifundanga
|
esingafundanga
|
singafundanga
|
Class 8
|
zāfunda
|
ezāfunda
|
zāfunda
|
azifundanga
|
ezingafundanga
|
zingafundanga
|
Class 9
|
yāfunda
|
eyāfunda
|
yāfunda
|
ayifundanga
|
engafundanga
|
ingafundanga
|
Class 10
|
zāfunda
|
ezāfunda
|
zāfunda
|
azifundanga
|
ezingafundanga
|
zingafundanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāfunda
|
olwāfunda
|
lwāfunda
|
alufundanga
|
olungafundanga
|
lungafundanga
|
Class 14
|
bāfunda
|
obāfunda
|
bāfunda
|
abufundanga
|
obungafundanga
|
bungafundanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāfunda
|
okwāfunda
|
kwāfunda
|
akufundanga
|
okungafundanga
|
kungafundanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāfunda
|
okwāfunda
|
kwāfunda
|
akufundanga
|
okungafundanga
|
kungafundanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingafunda
|
—
|
ngingafunda
|
ngingefunde
|
—
|
ngingefunde
|
2nd singular
|
ungafunda
|
—
|
ungafunda
|
ungefunde
|
—
|
ungefunde
|
1st plural
|
singafunda
|
—
|
singafunda
|
singefunde
|
—
|
singefunde
|
2nd plural
|
ningafunda
|
—
|
ningafunda
|
ningefunde
|
—
|
ningefunde
|
Class 1
|
angafunda
|
—
|
engafunda
|
angefunde
|
—
|
engefunde
|
Class 2
|
bangafunda
|
—
|
bengafunda
|
bangefunde
|
—
|
bengefunde
|
Class 3
|
ungafunda
|
—
|
ungafunda
|
ungefunde
|
—
|
ungefunde
|
Class 4
|
ingafunda
|
—
|
ingafunda
|
ingefunde
|
—
|
ingefunde
|
Class 5
|
lingafunda
|
—
|
lingafunda
|
lingefunde
|
—
|
lingefunde
|
Class 6
|
angafunda
|
—
|
engafunda
|
angefunde
|
—
|
engefunde
|
Class 7
|
singafunda
|
—
|
singafunda
|
singefunde
|
—
|
singefunde
|
Class 8
|
zingafunda
|
—
|
zingafunda
|
zingefunde
|
—
|
zingefunde
|
Class 9
|
ingafunda
|
—
|
ingafunda
|
ingefunde
|
—
|
ingefunde
|
Class 10
|
zingafunda
|
—
|
zingafunda
|
zingefunde
|
—
|
zingefunde
|
Class 11
|
lungafunda
|
—
|
lungafunda
|
lungefunde
|
—
|
lungefunde
|
Class 14
|
bungafunda
|
—
|
bungafunda
|
bungefunde
|
—
|
bungefunde
|
Class 15
|
kungafunda
|
—
|
kungafunda
|
kungefunde
|
—
|
kungefunde
|
Class 17
|
kungafunda
|
—
|
kungafunda
|
kungefunde
|
—
|
kungefunde
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizofunda
|
engizofunda
|
ngizofunda
|
angizufunda
|
engingezufunda
|
ngingezufunda
|
2nd singular
|
uzofunda
|
ozofunda
|
uzofunda
|
awuzufunda
|
ongezufunda
|
ungezufunda
|
1st plural
|
sizofunda
|
esizofunda
|
sizofunda
|
asizufunda
|
esingezufunda
|
singezufunda
|
2nd plural
|
nizofunda
|
enizofunda
|
nizofunda
|
anizufunda
|
eningezufunda
|
ningezufunda
|
Class 1
|
uzofunda
|
ozofunda
|
ezofunda
|
akazufunda
|
ongezufunda
|
engezufunda
|
Class 2
|
bazofunda
|
abazofunda
|
bezofunda
|
abazufunda
|
abangezufunda
|
bengezufunda
|
Class 3
|
uzofunda
|
ozofunda
|
uzofunda
|
awuzufunda
|
ongezufunda
|
ungezufunda
|
Class 4
|
izofunda
|
ezofunda
|
izofunda
|
ayizufunda
|
engezufunda
|
ingezufunda
|
Class 5
|
lizofunda
|
elizofunda
|
lizofunda
|
alizufunda
|
elingezufunda
|
lingezufunda
|
Class 6
|
azofunda
|
azofunda
|
ezofunda
|
awazufunda
|
angezufunda
|
engezufunda
|
Class 7
|
sizofunda
|
esizofunda
|
sizofunda
|
asizufunda
|
esingezufunda
|
singezufunda
|
Class 8
|
zizofunda
|
ezizofunda
|
zizofunda
|
azizufunda
|
ezingezufunda
|
zingezufunda
|
Class 9
|
izofunda
|
ezofunda
|
izofunda
|
ayizufunda
|
engezufunda
|
ingezufunda
|
Class 10
|
zizofunda
|
ezizofunda
|
zizofunda
|
azizufunda
|
ezingezufunda
|
zingezufunda
|
Class 11
|
luzofunda
|
oluzofunda
|
luzofunda
|
aluzufunda
|
olungezufunda
|
lungezufunda
|
Class 14
|
buzofunda
|
obuzofunda
|
buzofunda
|
abuzufunda
|
obungezufunda
|
bungezufunda
|
Class 15
|
kuzofunda
|
okuzofunda
|
kuzofunda
|
akuzufunda
|
okungezufunda
|
kungezufunda
|
Class 17
|
kuzofunda
|
okuzofunda
|
kuzofunda
|
akuzufunda
|
okungezufunda
|
kungezufunda
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyofunda
|
engiyofunda
|
ngiyofunda
|
angiyufunda
|
engingeyufunda
|
ngingeyufunda
|
2nd singular
|
uyofunda
|
oyofunda
|
uyofunda
|
awuyufunda
|
ongeyufunda
|
ungeyufunda
|
1st plural
|
siyofunda
|
esiyofunda
|
siyofunda
|
asiyufunda
|
esingeyufunda
|
singeyufunda
|
2nd plural
|
niyofunda
|
eniyofunda
|
niyofunda
|
aniyufunda
|
eningeyufunda
|
ningeyufunda
|
Class 1
|
uyofunda
|
oyofunda
|
eyofunda
|
akayufunda
|
ongeyufunda
|
engeyufunda
|
Class 2
|
bayofunda
|
abayofunda
|
beyofunda
|
abayufunda
|
abangeyufunda
|
bengeyufunda
|
Class 3
|
uyofunda
|
oyofunda
|
uyofunda
|
awuyufunda
|
ongeyufunda
|
ungeyufunda
|
Class 4
|
iyofunda
|
eyofunda
|
iyofunda
|
ayiyufunda
|
engeyufunda
|
ingeyufunda
|
Class 5
|
liyofunda
|
eliyofunda
|
liyofunda
|
aliyufunda
|
elingeyufunda
|
lingeyufunda
|
Class 6
|
ayofunda
|
ayofunda
|
eyofunda
|
awayufunda
|
angeyufunda
|
engeyufunda
|
Class 7
|
siyofunda
|
esiyofunda
|
siyofunda
|
asiyufunda
|
esingeyufunda
|
singeyufunda
|
Class 8
|
ziyofunda
|
eziyofunda
|
ziyofunda
|
aziyufunda
|
ezingeyufunda
|
zingeyufunda
|
Class 9
|
iyofunda
|
eyofunda
|
iyofunda
|
ayiyufunda
|
engeyufunda
|
ingeyufunda
|
Class 10
|
ziyofunda
|
eziyofunda
|
ziyofunda
|
aziyufunda
|
ezingeyufunda
|
zingeyufunda
|
Class 11
|
luyofunda
|
oluyofunda
|
luyofunda
|
aluyufunda
|
olungeyufunda
|
lungeyufunda
|
Class 14
|
buyofunda
|
obuyofunda
|
buyofunda
|
abuyufunda
|
obungeyufunda
|
bungeyufunda
|
Class 15
|
kuyofunda
|
okuyofunda
|
kuyofunda
|
akuyufunda
|
okungeyufunda
|
kungeyufunda
|
Class 17
|
kuyofunda
|
okuyofunda
|
kuyofunda
|
akuyufunda
|
okungeyufunda
|
kungeyufunda
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngifunde
|
ngingafundi
|
2nd singular
|
ufunde
|
ungafundi
|
1st plural
|
sifunde
|
singafundi
|
2nd plural
|
nifunde
|
ningafundi
|
Class 1
|
afunde
|
angafundi
|
Class 2
|
bafunde
|
bangafundi
|
Class 3
|
ufunde
|
ungafundi
|
Class 4
|
ifunde
|
ingafundi
|
Class 5
|
lifunde
|
lingafundi
|
Class 6
|
afunde
|
angafundi
|
Class 7
|
sifunde
|
singafundi
|
Class 8
|
zifunde
|
zingafundi
|
Class 9
|
ifunde
|
ingafundi
|
Class 10
|
zifunde
|
zingafundi
|
Class 11
|
lufunde
|
lungafundi
|
Class 14
|
bufunde
|
bungafundi
|
Class 15
|
kufunde
|
kungafundi
|
Class 17
|
kufunde
|
kungafundi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngafunda
|
ngangafunda, angafunda, angangafunda
|
2nd singular
|
wafunda
|
wangafunda, awafunda, awangafunda
|
1st plural
|
safunda
|
sangafunda, asafunda, asangafunda
|
2nd plural
|
nafunda
|
nangafunda, anafunda, anangafunda
|
Class 1
|
wafunda
|
wangafunda, akafunda, akangafunda
|
Class 2
|
bafunda
|
bangafunda, abafunda, abangafunda
|
Class 3
|
wafunda
|
wangafunda, awafunda, awangafunda
|
Class 4
|
yafunda
|
yangafunda, ayafunda, ayangafunda
|
Class 5
|
lafunda
|
langafunda, alafunda, alangafunda
|
Class 6
|
afunda
|
angafunda, awafunda, awangafunda
|
Class 7
|
safunda
|
sangafunda, asafunda, asangafunda
|
Class 8
|
zafunda
|
zangafunda, azafunda, azangafunda
|
Class 9
|
yafunda
|
yangafunda, ayafunda, ayangafunda
|
Class 10
|
zafunda
|
zangafunda, azafunda, azangafunda
|
Class 11
|
lwafunda
|
lwangafunda, alwafunda, alwangafunda
|
Class 14
|
bafunda
|
bangafunda, abafunda, abangafunda
|
Class 15
|
kwafunda
|
kwangafunda, akwafunda, akwangafunda
|
Class 17
|
kwafunda
|
kwangafunda, akwafunda, akwangafunda
|
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Proto-Nguni [Term?], from Proto-Bantu *-kúnda.
Verb
-funda?
- (transitive) to swallow (food)
Inflection
Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukufunda
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukufunda
|
ukungafundi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
funda
|
-funde
|
Plural
|
fundani
|
-fundeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyafunda, ngifunda
|
engifundayo, engifunda
|
ngifunda
|
angifundi
|
engingafundi
|
ngingafundi
|
2nd singular
|
uyafunda, ufunda
|
ofundayo, ofunda
|
ufunda
|
awufundi
|
ongafundi
|
ungafundi
|
1st plural
|
siyafunda, sifunda
|
esifundayo, esifunda
|
sifunda
|
asifundi
|
esingafundi
|
singafundi
|
2nd plural
|
niyafunda, nifunda
|
enifundayo, enifunda
|
nifunda
|
anifundi
|
eningafundi
|
ningafundi
|
Class 1
|
uyafunda, ufunda
|
ofundayo, ofunda
|
efunda
|
akafundi
|
ongafundi
|
engafundi
|
Class 2
|
bayafunda, bafunda
|
abafundayo, abafunda
|
befunda
|
abafundi
|
abangafundi
|
bengafundi
|
Class 3
|
uyafunda, ufunda
|
ofundayo, ofunda
|
ufunda
|
awufundi
|
ongafundi
|
ungafundi
|
Class 4
|
iyafunda, ifunda
|
efundayo, efunda
|
ifunda
|
ayifundi
|
engafundi
|
ingafundi
|
Class 5
|
liyafunda, lifunda
|
elifundayo, elifunda
|
lifunda
|
alifundi
|
elingafundi
|
lingafundi
|
Class 6
|
ayafunda, afunda
|
afundayo, afunda
|
efunda
|
awafundi
|
angafundi
|
engafundi
|
Class 7
|
siyafunda, sifunda
|
esifundayo, esifunda
|
sifunda
|
asifundi
|
esingafundi
|
singafundi
|
Class 8
|
ziyafunda, zifunda
|
ezifundayo, ezifunda
|
zifunda
|
azifundi
|
ezingafundi
|
zingafundi
|
Class 9
|
iyafunda, ifunda
|
efundayo, efunda
|
ifunda
|
ayifundi
|
engafundi
|
ingafundi
|
Class 10
|
ziyafunda, zifunda
|
ezifundayo, ezifunda
|
zifunda
|
azifundi
|
ezingafundi
|
zingafundi
|
Class 11
|
luyafunda, lufunda
|
olufundayo, olufunda
|
lufunda
|
alufundi
|
olungafundi
|
lungafundi
|
Class 14
|
buyafunda, bufunda
|
obufundayo, obufunda
|
bufunda
|
abufundi
|
obungafundi
|
bungafundi
|
Class 15
|
kuyafunda, kufunda
|
okufundayo, okufunda
|
kufunda
|
akufundi
|
okungafundi
|
kungafundi
|
Class 17
|
kuyafunda, kufunda
|
okufundayo, okufunda
|
kufunda
|
akufundi
|
okungafundi
|
kungafundi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngifundile, ngifundē
|
engifundile, engifundē
|
ngifundile, ngifundē
|
angifundanga
|
engingafundanga
|
ngingafundanga
|
2nd singular
|
ufundile, ufundē
|
ofundile, ofundē
|
ufundile, ufundē
|
awufundanga
|
ongafundanga
|
ungafundanga
|
1st plural
|
sifundile, sifundē
|
esifundile, esifundē
|
sifundile, sifundē
|
asifundanga
|
esingafundanga
|
singafundanga
|
2nd plural
|
nifundile, nifundē
|
enifundile, enifundē
|
nifundile, nifundē
|
anifundanga
|
eningafundanga
|
ningafundanga
|
Class 1
|
ufundile, ufundē
|
ofundile, ofundē
|
efundile, efundē
|
akafundanga
|
ongafundanga
|
engafundanga
|
Class 2
|
bafundile, bafundē
|
abafundile, abafundē
|
befundile, befundē
|
abafundanga
|
abangafundanga
|
bengafundanga
|
Class 3
|
ufundile, ufundē
|
ofundile, ofundē
|
ufundile, ufundē
|
awufundanga
|
ongafundanga
|
ungafundanga
|
Class 4
|
ifundile, ifundē
|
efundile, efundē
|
ifundile, ifundē
|
ayifundanga
|
engafundanga
|
ingafundanga
|
Class 5
|
lifundile, lifundē
|
elifundile, elifundē
|
lifundile, lifundē
|
alifundanga
|
elingafundanga
|
lingafundanga
|
Class 6
|
afundile, afundē
|
afundile, afundē
|
efundile, efundē
|
awafundanga
|
angafundanga
|
engafundanga
|
Class 7
|
sifundile, sifundē
|
esifundile, esifundē
|
sifundile, sifundē
|
asifundanga
|
esingafundanga
|
singafundanga
|
Class 8
|
zifundile, zifundē
|
ezifundile, ezifundē
|
zifundile, zifundē
|
azifundanga
|
ezingafundanga
|
zingafundanga
|
Class 9
|
ifundile, ifundē
|
efundile, efundē
|
ifundile, ifundē
|
ayifundanga
|
engafundanga
|
ingafundanga
|
Class 10
|
zifundile, zifundē
|
ezifundile, ezifundē
|
zifundile, zifundē
|
azifundanga
|
ezingafundanga
|
zingafundanga
|
Class 11
|
lufundile, lufundē
|
olufundile, olufundē
|
lufundile, lufundē
|
alufundanga
|
olungafundanga
|
lungafundanga
|
Class 14
|
bufundile, bufundē
|
obufundile, obufundē
|
bufundile, bufundē
|
abufundanga
|
obungafundanga
|
bungafundanga
|
Class 15
|
kufundile, kufundē
|
okufundile, okufundē
|
kufundile, kufundē
|
akufundanga
|
okungafundanga
|
kungafundanga
|
Class 17
|
kufundile, kufundē
|
okufundile, okufundē
|
kufundile, kufundē
|
akufundanga
|
okungafundanga
|
kungafundanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāfunda
|
engāfunda
|
ngāfunda
|
angifundanga
|
engingafundanga
|
ngingafundanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāfunda
|
owāfunda
|
wāfunda
|
awufundanga
|
ongafundanga
|
ungafundanga
|
1st plural
|
sāfunda
|
esāfunda
|
sāfunda
|
asifundanga
|
esingafundanga
|
singafundanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāfunda
|
enāfunda
|
nāfunda
|
anifundanga
|
eningafundanga
|
ningafundanga
|
Class 1
|
wāfunda
|
owāfunda
|
āfunda
|
akafundanga
|
ongafundanga
|
engafundanga
|
Class 2
|
bāfunda
|
abāfunda
|
bāfunda
|
abafundanga
|
abangafundanga
|
bengafundanga
|
Class 3
|
wāfunda
|
owāfunda
|
wāfunda
|
awufundanga
|
ongafundanga
|
ungafundanga
|
Class 4
|
yāfunda
|
eyāfunda
|
yāfunda
|
ayifundanga
|
engafundanga
|
ingafundanga
|
Class 5
|
lāfunda
|
elāfunda
|
lāfunda
|
alifundanga
|
elingafundanga
|
lingafundanga
|
Class 6
|
āfunda
|
āfunda
|
āfunda
|
awafundanga
|
angafundanga
|
engafundanga
|
Class 7
|
sāfunda
|
esāfunda
|
sāfunda
|
asifundanga
|
esingafundanga
|
singafundanga
|
Class 8
|
zāfunda
|
ezāfunda
|
zāfunda
|
azifundanga
|
ezingafundanga
|
zingafundanga
|
Class 9
|
yāfunda
|
eyāfunda
|
yāfunda
|
ayifundanga
|
engafundanga
|
ingafundanga
|
Class 10
|
zāfunda
|
ezāfunda
|
zāfunda
|
azifundanga
|
ezingafundanga
|
zingafundanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāfunda
|
olwāfunda
|
lwāfunda
|
alufundanga
|
olungafundanga
|
lungafundanga
|
Class 14
|
bāfunda
|
obāfunda
|
bāfunda
|
abufundanga
|
obungafundanga
|
bungafundanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāfunda
|
okwāfunda
|
kwāfunda
|
akufundanga
|
okungafundanga
|
kungafundanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāfunda
|
okwāfunda
|
kwāfunda
|
akufundanga
|
okungafundanga
|
kungafundanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingafunda
|
—
|
ngingafunda
|
ngingefunde
|
—
|
ngingefunde
|
2nd singular
|
ungafunda
|
—
|
ungafunda
|
ungefunde
|
—
|
ungefunde
|
1st plural
|
singafunda
|
—
|
singafunda
|
singefunde
|
—
|
singefunde
|
2nd plural
|
ningafunda
|
—
|
ningafunda
|
ningefunde
|
—
|
ningefunde
|
Class 1
|
angafunda
|
—
|
engafunda
|
angefunde
|
—
|
engefunde
|
Class 2
|
bangafunda
|
—
|
bengafunda
|
bangefunde
|
—
|
bengefunde
|
Class 3
|
ungafunda
|
—
|
ungafunda
|
ungefunde
|
—
|
ungefunde
|
Class 4
|
ingafunda
|
—
|
ingafunda
|
ingefunde
|
—
|
ingefunde
|
Class 5
|
lingafunda
|
—
|
lingafunda
|
lingefunde
|
—
|
lingefunde
|
Class 6
|
angafunda
|
—
|
engafunda
|
angefunde
|
—
|
engefunde
|
Class 7
|
singafunda
|
—
|
singafunda
|
singefunde
|
—
|
singefunde
|
Class 8
|
zingafunda
|
—
|
zingafunda
|
zingefunde
|
—
|
zingefunde
|
Class 9
|
ingafunda
|
—
|
ingafunda
|
ingefunde
|
—
|
ingefunde
|
Class 10
|
zingafunda
|
—
|
zingafunda
|
zingefunde
|
—
|
zingefunde
|
Class 11
|
lungafunda
|
—
|
lungafunda
|
lungefunde
|
—
|
lungefunde
|
Class 14
|
bungafunda
|
—
|
bungafunda
|
bungefunde
|
—
|
bungefunde
|
Class 15
|
kungafunda
|
—
|
kungafunda
|
kungefunde
|
—
|
kungefunde
|
Class 17
|
kungafunda
|
—
|
kungafunda
|
kungefunde
|
—
|
kungefunde
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizofunda
|
engizofunda
|
ngizofunda
|
angizufunda
|
engingezufunda
|
ngingezufunda
|
2nd singular
|
uzofunda
|
ozofunda
|
uzofunda
|
awuzufunda
|
ongezufunda
|
ungezufunda
|
1st plural
|
sizofunda
|
esizofunda
|
sizofunda
|
asizufunda
|
esingezufunda
|
singezufunda
|
2nd plural
|
nizofunda
|
enizofunda
|
nizofunda
|
anizufunda
|
eningezufunda
|
ningezufunda
|
Class 1
|
uzofunda
|
ozofunda
|
ezofunda
|
akazufunda
|
ongezufunda
|
engezufunda
|
Class 2
|
bazofunda
|
abazofunda
|
bezofunda
|
abazufunda
|
abangezufunda
|
bengezufunda
|
Class 3
|
uzofunda
|
ozofunda
|
uzofunda
|
awuzufunda
|
ongezufunda
|
ungezufunda
|
Class 4
|
izofunda
|
ezofunda
|
izofunda
|
ayizufunda
|
engezufunda
|
ingezufunda
|
Class 5
|
lizofunda
|
elizofunda
|
lizofunda
|
alizufunda
|
elingezufunda
|
lingezufunda
|
Class 6
|
azofunda
|
azofunda
|
ezofunda
|
awazufunda
|
angezufunda
|
engezufunda
|
Class 7
|
sizofunda
|
esizofunda
|
sizofunda
|
asizufunda
|
esingezufunda
|
singezufunda
|
Class 8
|
zizofunda
|
ezizofunda
|
zizofunda
|
azizufunda
|
ezingezufunda
|
zingezufunda
|
Class 9
|
izofunda
|
ezofunda
|
izofunda
|
ayizufunda
|
engezufunda
|
ingezufunda
|
Class 10
|
zizofunda
|
ezizofunda
|
zizofunda
|
azizufunda
|
ezingezufunda
|
zingezufunda
|
Class 11
|
luzofunda
|
oluzofunda
|
luzofunda
|
aluzufunda
|
olungezufunda
|
lungezufunda
|
Class 14
|
buzofunda
|
obuzofunda
|
buzofunda
|
abuzufunda
|
obungezufunda
|
bungezufunda
|
Class 15
|
kuzofunda
|
okuzofunda
|
kuzofunda
|
akuzufunda
|
okungezufunda
|
kungezufunda
|
Class 17
|
kuzofunda
|
okuzofunda
|
kuzofunda
|
akuzufunda
|
okungezufunda
|
kungezufunda
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyofunda
|
engiyofunda
|
ngiyofunda
|
angiyufunda
|
engingeyufunda
|
ngingeyufunda
|
2nd singular
|
uyofunda
|
oyofunda
|
uyofunda
|
awuyufunda
|
ongeyufunda
|
ungeyufunda
|
1st plural
|
siyofunda
|
esiyofunda
|
siyofunda
|
asiyufunda
|
esingeyufunda
|
singeyufunda
|
2nd plural
|
niyofunda
|
eniyofunda
|
niyofunda
|
aniyufunda
|
eningeyufunda
|
ningeyufunda
|
Class 1
|
uyofunda
|
oyofunda
|
eyofunda
|
akayufunda
|
ongeyufunda
|
engeyufunda
|
Class 2
|
bayofunda
|
abayofunda
|
beyofunda
|
abayufunda
|
abangeyufunda
|
bengeyufunda
|
Class 3
|
uyofunda
|
oyofunda
|
uyofunda
|
awuyufunda
|
ongeyufunda
|
ungeyufunda
|
Class 4
|
iyofunda
|
eyofunda
|
iyofunda
|
ayiyufunda
|
engeyufunda
|
ingeyufunda
|
Class 5
|
liyofunda
|
eliyofunda
|
liyofunda
|
aliyufunda
|
elingeyufunda
|
lingeyufunda
|
Class 6
|
ayofunda
|
ayofunda
|
eyofunda
|
awayufunda
|
angeyufunda
|
engeyufunda
|
Class 7
|
siyofunda
|
esiyofunda
|
siyofunda
|
asiyufunda
|
esingeyufunda
|
singeyufunda
|
Class 8
|
ziyofunda
|
eziyofunda
|
ziyofunda
|
aziyufunda
|
ezingeyufunda
|
zingeyufunda
|
Class 9
|
iyofunda
|
eyofunda
|
iyofunda
|
ayiyufunda
|
engeyufunda
|
ingeyufunda
|
Class 10
|
ziyofunda
|
eziyofunda
|
ziyofunda
|
aziyufunda
|
ezingeyufunda
|
zingeyufunda
|
Class 11
|
luyofunda
|
oluyofunda
|
luyofunda
|
aluyufunda
|
olungeyufunda
|
lungeyufunda
|
Class 14
|
buyofunda
|
obuyofunda
|
buyofunda
|
abuyufunda
|
obungeyufunda
|
bungeyufunda
|
Class 15
|
kuyofunda
|
okuyofunda
|
kuyofunda
|
akuyufunda
|
okungeyufunda
|
kungeyufunda
|
Class 17
|
kuyofunda
|
okuyofunda
|
kuyofunda
|
akuyufunda
|
okungeyufunda
|
kungeyufunda
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngifunde
|
ngingafundi
|
2nd singular
|
ufunde
|
ungafundi
|
1st plural
|
sifunde
|
singafundi
|
2nd plural
|
nifunde
|
ningafundi
|
Class 1
|
afunde
|
angafundi
|
Class 2
|
bafunde
|
bangafundi
|
Class 3
|
ufunde
|
ungafundi
|
Class 4
|
ifunde
|
ingafundi
|
Class 5
|
lifunde
|
lingafundi
|
Class 6
|
afunde
|
angafundi
|
Class 7
|
sifunde
|
singafundi
|
Class 8
|
zifunde
|
zingafundi
|
Class 9
|
ifunde
|
ingafundi
|
Class 10
|
zifunde
|
zingafundi
|
Class 11
|
lufunde
|
lungafundi
|
Class 14
|
bufunde
|
bungafundi
|
Class 15
|
kufunde
|
kungafundi
|
Class 17
|
kufunde
|
kungafundi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngafunda
|
ngangafunda, angafunda, angangafunda
|
2nd singular
|
wafunda
|
wangafunda, awafunda, awangafunda
|
1st plural
|
safunda
|
sangafunda, asafunda, asangafunda
|
2nd plural
|
nafunda
|
nangafunda, anafunda, anangafunda
|
Class 1
|
wafunda
|
wangafunda, akafunda, akangafunda
|
Class 2
|
bafunda
|
bangafunda, abafunda, abangafunda
|
Class 3
|
wafunda
|
wangafunda, awafunda, awangafunda
|
Class 4
|
yafunda
|
yangafunda, ayafunda, ayangafunda
|
Class 5
|
lafunda
|
langafunda, alafunda, alangafunda
|
Class 6
|
afunda
|
angafunda, awafunda, awangafunda
|
Class 7
|
safunda
|
sangafunda, asafunda, asangafunda
|
Class 8
|
zafunda
|
zangafunda, azafunda, azangafunda
|
Class 9
|
yafunda
|
yangafunda, ayafunda, ayangafunda
|
Class 10
|
zafunda
|
zangafunda, azafunda, azangafunda
|
Class 11
|
lwafunda
|
lwangafunda, alwafunda, alwangafunda
|
Class 14
|
bafunda
|
bangafunda, abafunda, abangafunda
|
Class 15
|
kwafunda
|
kwangafunda, akwafunda, akwangafunda
|
Class 17
|
kwafunda
|
kwangafunda, akwafunda, akwangafunda
|
References