gij
Dutch
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle Dutch gī, ghi, from Old Dutch gī, from Proto-Germanic *jīz, Northwest Germanic variant of *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́. Doublet of jij.
Compare also Low German ji, jie, English ye, German ihr.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
gij
- (dialectal, colloquial) you
- Motte gij nog een pilske?
- Do you want another beer?.
- (archaic, literary, religious) thou
- Gij zult niet doden.
- Thou shalt not kill.
Usage notes
- In most of the Netherlands, the personal pronoun gij and its variants are now mainly used in religious context and are considered archaic. In Flanders and the southern Netherlands, gij is still commonly used as the second-person singular in colloquial language; in formal language it is not used unless the referred second person is the "god" or the "king".
- The best translation when used in archaic contexts would be thou; when used in Flanders or the southern Netherlands, it would typically be you (singular). Unlike in English, gij usually takes the same verb form as jij except when there is inversion or with some irregular verbs or in the past tense. Compare heb jij dit gedaan? versus hebt gij dit gedaan? (have you / hast thou done this?). Also: jij zal versus gij zult (you shall/will / thou shalt/wilt), jij bent versus gij zijt (you are / thou art), jij vloog versus gij vloogt (you flew / thou flewest) etc.
Inflection
Related terms
Zhuang
Pronunciation
- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /ki˥/
- Tone numbers: gi3
- Hyphenation: gij
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from 幾?”)
Classifier
gij (1957–1982 spelling giз)
- Classifier for abstract nouns.
- Classifier for a group of objects.
- Derives a noun from a verb.
Derived terms
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from Proto-Tai *C̬.qɯjᶜ (“excrement”)?”)
Noun
gij (1957–1982 spelling giз)
Etymology 3
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from 舉?”)
Verb
gij (1957–1982 spelling giз)
Categories:
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch doublets
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛi̯
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch pronouns
- Dutch personal pronouns
- Dutch dialectal terms
- Dutch colloquialisms
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- Dutch terms with archaic senses
- Dutch literary terms
- Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation
- Zhuang 1-syllable words
- Zhuang lemmas
- Zhuang classifiers
- Zhuang nouns
- Zhuang dialectal terms
- Zhuang verbs