mijn
Dutch
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Dutch mijn, from Old Dutch mīn, from Proto-West Germanic *mīn, from Proto-Germanic *mīnaz.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /mɛi̯n/ (stressed)
- IPA(key): /mən/ (unstressed; may be spelt m'n)
Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: mijn
- Rhymes: -ɛi̯n, -ən
Determiner
[edit]mijn (dependent possessive, independent possessive mijne, contracted form m'n)
- my; first-person singular possessive determiner
- Dit is mijn mijn. ― This is my mine.
Declension
[edit]| subject | object | possessive | reflexive | genitive5 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | ||
| 1st person | ik | 'k1 | mij | me | mijn | m'n1 | mijne | me | mijner, mijns |
| 2nd person | jij | je | jou | je | jouw | je | jouwe | je | jouwer, jouws |
| 2nd person archaic or regiolectal | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
| 2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u, zich7 | uwer, uws |
| 3rd person masculine | hij | ie1 | hem | 'm1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
| 3rd person feminine | zij | ze | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | hare | zich | harer, haars |
| 3rd person neuter | het | 't1 | het | 't1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
| 3rd person gender-neutral8 | hen | – | hen | – | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
| plural | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | ||
| 1st person | wij | we | ons | – | ons, onze2 | – | onze | ons | onzer, onzes |
| 2nd person | jullie | je | jullie | je | jullie | je | – | je | – |
| 2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
| 2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u, zich7 | uwer, uws |
| 3rd person | zij | ze | hen3, hun4 | ze | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
1) Not as common in written language.
2) Inflected as an adjective.
3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative).
4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative).
5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions.
6) To differentiate from the singular gij, gelle (object form elle) and variants are commonly used colloquially in Belgium. Archaic forms are gijlieden and gijlui ("you people").
7) Zich is preferred if the reflexive pronoun immediately follows the subject pronoun u, e.g. Meldt u zich aan! 'Log in!', and if the subject pronoun u is used with a verb form that is identical with the third person singular but different from the informal second person singular, e.g. U heeft zich aangemeld. 'You have logged in.' Only u can be used in an imperative if the subject pronoun is not overt, e.g. Meld u aan! 'Log in!', where u is the reflexive pronoun. Otherwise, both u and zich are equally possible, e.g. U meldt u/zich aan. 'You log in.'
8) Not officially recognized in standard Dutch. It has gained popularity, especially in mainstream media and queer circles, as a respectful term for non-binary individuals.
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Dutch mine, from Old French mine, from Late Latin mina, from Gaulish, from Proto-Celtic *meinis (“ore, metal”). Some senses are borrowed from French mine (“explosive device”) and Middle French mine (“tunnel for sapping”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]mijn f (plural mijnen, diminutive mijntje n)
- mine (place where ore is taken out of the ground)
- Deze mijn is mijn mijn, ga ergens anders delven.
- This mine is my mine, go excavate somewhere else.
- mine (device meant to explode when stepped upon or touched)
- Deze mijn is mijn mijn, ga je ergens anders opblazen.
- This mine is my mine, go blow yourself up somewhere else.
- (historical) mine (tunnel used for sapping enemy defence works or lines)
- (entomology) shaft dug by an insect larva in plant organs, such as leaves
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Afrikaans: myn
Etymology 3
[edit]Deverbal from mijnen (“to buy at a Dutch auction; to shout "mine"”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]mijn f (plural mijnen, no diminutive)
- (historical, Southern) a Dutch auction (reverse auction with gradual reduction of the price until a buyer is found)
- Synonym: afslag
Derived terms
[edit]Middle Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Determiner
[edit]mijn
Inflection
[edit]| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | mijn | mine | mijn | mine |
| accusative | minen | mine | mijn | mine |
| genitive | mijns | mire | mijns | mire |
| dative | minen | mire | minen | minen |
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “mijn”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “mijn”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛi̯n
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛi̯n/1 syllable
- Rhymes:Dutch/ən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ən/1 syllable
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch determiners
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- Dutch terms derived from Old French
- Dutch terms derived from Late Latin
- Dutch terms derived from Gaulish
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Dutch terms borrowed from French
- Dutch terms derived from French
- Dutch terms borrowed from Middle French
- Dutch terms derived from Middle French
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch feminine nouns
- Dutch terms with historical senses
- nl:Entomology
- Dutch deverbals
- Southern Dutch
- Dutch possessive determiners
- nl:Mining
- nl:Weapons
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch determiners