缺
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
See also: 欠
|
Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]缺 (Kangxi radical 121, 缶+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人山木大 (OUDK), four-corner 85730, composition ⿰缶夬)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 945, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28122
- Dae Jaweon: page 1385, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2936, character 4
- Unihan data for U+7F3A
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 缺 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 缺 | |
2nd round simp. | 夬 | |
alternative forms | 缼 𦈫 𧖫 𡙇 𡚆 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *kʰʷed, *kʰʷeːd) : semantic 缶 (“earthen pot”) + phonetic 夬 (OC *kʷraːds).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): que2
- Cantonese (Jyutping): kyut3
- Gan (Wiktionary): qyot6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiet / khiat
- Jin (Wiktionary): qyeh4
- Northern Min (KCR): kiĕ / kṳĕ
- Eastern Min (BUC): kiék / kuók
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7chiuq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qye6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cyue
- Wade–Giles: chʻüeh1
- Yale: chywē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiue
- Palladius: цюэ (cjue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: que2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kye
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰye²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kyut3
- Yale: kyut
- Cantonese Pinyin: kyt8
- Guangdong Romanization: küd3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰyːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: qyot6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰyɵt̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiet
- Hakka Romanization System: kiedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiat
- Hakka Romanization System: kiadˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯at̚²/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: qyeh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kiĕ / kṳĕ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰiɛ²⁴/, /kʰyɛ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: kiék / kuók
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰiɛʔ²⁴/, /kʰuɔʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- kiék - “incomplete”;
- kuók - “to lack”.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Magong, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kheh
- Tâi-lô: kheh
- Phofsit Daibuun: qeq
- IPA (Jinjiang): /kʰeʔ⁵/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kʰeʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Hsinchu, Kinmen)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Jinjiang)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Magong, Jinjiang)
Note:
- kheh/kherh/khoeh - vernacular (“to lack; vacancy”);
- khih - vernacular (“chipped part; classifier”);
- khoat - literary (“incomplete; imperfect”).
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 缺 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡ɕʰye²¹/ | |
Jinan | /t͡ɕʰyə²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡ɕʰyə⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕʰyɛ²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡ɕʰyɛ²¹/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕʰyu⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡ɕʰye¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡ɕʰyə¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡ɕʰyɤ²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡ɕʰye²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕʰye³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰie²¹/ | |
Kunming | /t͡ɕʰiɛ³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡ɕʰyeʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /t͡ɕʰyɐʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰyaʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕʰyɪʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡ɕʰyəʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡ɕʰioʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡ɕʰy²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰyeʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕʰye²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡ɕʰyæ²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰyɵʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiat̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /kʰiet̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kʰyt̚³/ |
Nanning | /kʰyt̚³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /kʰyt̚³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kʰuat̚³²/ /kʰeʔ³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kʰwoʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kʰyɛ²⁴/ /kʰiɛ²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /kʰueʔ²/ /kʰiʔ²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /xi⁵⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: khwet, khjwiet
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*Nə-[k]ʷʰˤet/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷed/, /*kʰʷeːd/
Definitions
[edit]缺
- incomplete; uncompleted; deficient
- imperfect; flawed
- to lack; to be short of
- to be absent
- vacancy; gap; deficit
- (colloquial) to be mean; to be wicked
- (colloquial) to be stupid; to be dense
- (Hokkien) chipped part; broken edge (on a bowl, cup, etc.)
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) Classifier for chipped parts on the edge of a container.
Synonyms
[edit]- (incomplete):
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “imperfect”):
Compounds
[edit]- 三缺一 (sānquēyī)
- 不可或缺 (bùkěhuòquē)
- 保殘守缺/保残守缺
- 候缺
- 先天缺陷 (xiāntiān quēxiàn)
- 先缺後空/先缺后空
- 兔缺 (tùquē)
- 兔缺烏沉/兔缺乌沉
- 出缺 (chūquē)
- 列缺 (lièquē)
- 劣缺
- 劣缺搊搜/劣缺𫼝搜
- 匱缺/匮缺
- 圓缺/圆缺 (yuánquē)
- 奇缺
- 好缺
- 完好無缺/完好无缺 (wánhǎowúquē)
- 完美無缺/完美无缺 (wánměiwúquē)
- 實缺/实缺
- 寧缺勿濫/宁缺勿滥 (níngquēwùlàn)
- 寧缺毋濫/宁缺毋滥 (nìngquēwúlàn)
- 少一缺二
- 嶢嶢易缺/峣峣易缺
- 幹缺/干缺
- 底缺
- 從缺/从缺 (cóngquē)
- 得缺
- 急缺
- 懸缺/悬缺
- 或缺
- 抱殘守缺/抱残守缺 (bàocánshǒuquē)
- 放缺
- 敗缺/败缺
- 書缺簡脫/书缺简脱
- 月缺花殘/月缺花残
- 月缺難圓/月缺难圆
- 欠缺 (qiànquē)
- 殘缺/残缺 (cánquē)
- 殘缺不全/残缺不全 (cánquēbùquán)
- 短斤缺兩/短斤缺两
- 短缺 (duǎnquē)
- 禮壞樂缺/礼坏乐缺
- 空缺 (kòngquē)
- 簡缺/简缺
- 精神缺陷 (jīngshén quēxiàn)
- 納敗缺/纳败缺
- 緊缺/紧缺 (jǐnquē)
- 繁缺
- 缺一不可 (quēyībùkě)
- 缺一腳/缺一脚
- 缺乏 (quēfá)
- 缺刻
- 缺勤 (quēqín)
- 缺口 (quēkǒu)
- 缺喙 (khih-chhùi) (Min Nan)
- 缺嘴 (quēzuǐ)
- 缺失 (quēshī)
- 缺少 (quēshǎo)
- 缺席 (quēxí)
- 缺德 (quēdé)
- 缺德鬼
- 缺憾 (quēhàn)
- 缺斤少兩/缺斤少两 (quējīnshǎoliǎng)
- 缺斤短兩/缺斤短两 (quējīnduǎnliǎng)
- 缺月再圓/缺月再圆
- 缺欠 (quēqiàn)
- 缺氧症
- 缺水 (quēshuǐ)
- 缺漏 (quēlòu)
- 缺略
- 缺糧/缺粮 (quēliáng)
- 缺編/缺编
- 缺缺
- 缺考
- 缺脣/缺唇
- 缺衣少食 (quēyīshǎoshí)
- 缺課/缺课 (quēkè)
- 缺貨/缺货 (quēhuò)
- 缺門/缺门
- 缺陷 (quēxiàn)
- 缺頁/缺页 (quēyè)
- 缺項/缺项
- 缺額/缺额
- 缺食無衣/缺食无衣
- 缺點/缺点 (quēdiǎn)
- 署缺
- 美缺
- 肥缺 (féiquē)
- 膨脹缺口/膨胀缺口
- 花殘月缺/花残月缺
- 行虧名缺/行亏名缺
- 補殘守缺/补残守缺
- 補缺/补缺 (bǔquē)
- 補缺拾遺/补缺拾遗
- 遇缺不補/遇缺不补
- 遺缺/遗缺
- 金甌無缺/金瓯无缺 (jīn'ōuwúquē)
- 銜缺相當/衔缺相当
- 開缺/开缺
- 離缺/离缺
- 零缺點/零缺点
- 餘缺/余缺 (yúquē)
References
[edit]- “缺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]欠 | |
缺 |
Kanji
[edit]缺
(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 欠)
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: けち (kechi)←くゑち (kweti, historical)
- Kan-on: けつ (ketsu)←くゑつ (kwetu, historical)
- Kun: かく (kaku, 缺く)、かける (kakeru, 缺ける)
Compounds
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]
In modern Japanese, 缺 is mostly replaced by 欠, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]缺 (eumhun 이지러질 결 (ijireojil gyeol))
Compounds
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Cantonese terms with audio links
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Sichuanese hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Sichuanese adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Gan adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Jin adjectives
- Northern Min adjectives
- Eastern Min adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Wu adjectives
- Xiang adjectives
- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Old Chinese adjectives
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Sichuanese verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Gan verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Jin verbs
- Northern Min verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Xiang verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 缺
- Chinese colloquialisms
- Hokkien Chinese
- Taiwanese Hokkien
- Elementary Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese hyōgai kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading けち
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading くゑち
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading けつ
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading くゑつ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading か・く
- Japanese kanji with kun reading か・ける
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters