剩

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See also: 剰 and 賸
剩 U+5269, 剩
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5269
← 剨
[U+5268] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 剪 →
[U+526A]

Translingual

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Japanese 剰
Simplified 剩
Traditional 剩

Han character

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剩 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+10, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹心中弓 (HPLN), four-corner 22900, composition ⿰乘刂)

Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 142, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2109
  • Dae Jaweon: page 323, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 350, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+5269

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (乘) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
乘 *ɦljɯŋ, *ɦljɯŋs
溗 *ɦljɯŋ
塖 *ɦljɯŋ
騬 *ɦljɯŋ
椉 *ɦljɯŋ
剩 *ɦljɯŋs
嵊 *ɦljɯŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦljɯŋs) : phonetic 乘 (OC *ɦljɯŋ, *ɦljɯŋs) + semantic 刀.

Etymology 1

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trad. 剩
simp. # 剩
2nd round simp. ⿰生刂
alternative forms 賸
剰
𪟏
𠟇
𠝍

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • sīn - vernacular;
  • sēng - literary.
Note:
  • 3zan - vernacular;
  • 3zen - literary.
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 剩
    Mandarin Beijing /ʂəŋ⁵¹/
    Harbin /ʂəŋ⁵³/
    Tianjin /ʂəŋ⁵³/
    /səŋ⁵³/
    Jinan /ʂəŋ²¹/
    Qingdao /ʃəŋ⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /ʂəŋ³¹²/
    Xi'an /ʂəŋ⁴⁴/
    Xining /ʂə̃²¹³/
    Yinchuan /ʂəŋ¹³/
    Lanzhou /ʂə̃n¹³/
    Ürümqi /ʂɤŋ²¹³/
    Wuhan /sən³⁵/
    Chengdu /sən¹³/
    Guiyang /sen²¹³/
    Kunming /ʂə̃²¹²/
    Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁴⁴/
    /ʂən⁴⁴/
    Hefei /ʂən⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /səŋ⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /ʂʐ̩³⁵/
    Hohhot /sə̃ŋ⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /zəŋ²³/
    Suzhou /zã³¹/
    Hangzhou /d͡zen¹³/
    Wenzhou /d͡zeŋ²²/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰiʌ̃²²/
    Tunxi /ɕiɛ¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /ʂən⁵⁵/
    /ʂən¹¹/
    Xiangtan /ʂən²¹/
    Gan Nanchang /sɨn²¹/
    Hakka Meixian /sən⁵³/
    Taoyuan /ʃen⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /seŋ²²/
    Nanning /t͡seŋ²²/
    Hong Kong /siŋ²²/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /siŋ²²/
    /sin²²/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sɛiŋ²⁴²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /seiŋ⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /siŋ⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /teŋ³³/
    Rime
    Character 剩
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 船 (27)
    Final (韻) 蒸 (133)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 實證切
    Baxter zyingH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ʑɨŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʑɨŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ʑieŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʑiŋH/
    Li
    Rong         		/d͡ʑiəŋH/
    Wang
    Li         		/d͡ʑĭəŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/d͡ʑʰi̯əŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		shèng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sing6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 剩
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		shèng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ zyingH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*Cə.ləŋ-s/
    English left over

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 剩
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 1457
    Phonetic
    component         		乘
    Rime
    group         		蒸
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		乗
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɦljɯŋs/
    Notes 集韻賸注俗字

    Definitions

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    剩

    1. to be left; to remain
    2. (literary, or in compounds) extra; leftover
    3. a surname: Sheng
    Synonyms
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    • (to be left):
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    Dialectal synonyms of 剩 (“to be left; to remain”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 剩, 剩餘
    Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 剩
    Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 剩
    Xi'an 剩
    Southwestern Mandarin Guilin 剩
    Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 剩
    Cantonese Guangzhou 剩
    Hong Kong 剩
    Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 伸
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 伸
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 伸
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 伸
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 伸
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 伸
    Southern Min Xiamen 伸
    Quanzhou 偆
    Zhangzhou 伸, 偆
    Manila (Hokkien) 伸
    Puning 存
    Wu Shanghai 剩, 挺, 挺剩
    Danyang 剩
    Ningbo 剩
    • (extra):
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    Compounds

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    Etymology 2

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    trad. 剩
    simp. # 剩

    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    剩

    1. (Hakka, Hokkien) Alternative form of 伸 (“to be left; to remain”)

    Japanese

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    Shinjitai

    		剰

    Kyūjitai

    		剩

    Kanji

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    剩

    (Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 剰)

    1. leftover, remainder, residue

    Readings

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    • On (unclassified): じょう (jō)
    • Kun: あまる (amaru, 剩る)、あまり (amari, 剩り)、あまつさえ (amatsusae, 剩え)

    Korean

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    Hanja

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    剩 • (ing) (hangeul 잉, revised ing, McCune–Reischauer ing)

    1. leftover
    2. remainder
    3. residue

    Vietnamese

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    Alternative forms

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    Han character

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    剩: Hán Việt readings: thặng[1][2][3]

    1. chữ Hán form of thặng (“surplus; remainder”).

    Compounds

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    References

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    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Trần (2004).
    2. ^ Bonet (1899).
    3. ^ Génibrel (1898).
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