季

See also: 李

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

季 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹木弓木 (HDND), four-corner 2040₇, composition ⿱禾子)

Derived characters

• 㑧, 𭈛, 𭎰, 悸, 𢯗, 㳵, 㻑, 𦁳, 𬠓, 𡳜, 𬫥, 𧇯, 鯚, 𠃷, 𡮒, 𡦧, 痵

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 279, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6965
• Dae Jaweon: page 547, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1013, character 5
• Unihan data for U+5B63

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Chinese

trad.		季
simp. #		季

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 季
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (季) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
季	*kʷids
悸	*ɡʷids
痵	*ɡʷids

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 禾 + 子.

Etymology

Etymology not clear (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): jì (ji⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ji⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwai³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kùi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kui³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jì
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jì
    • Wade–Giles: chi⁴
    • Yale: jì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
    • Palladius: цзи (czi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: ji⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gwai³
    • Yale: gwai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: guei³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐi̯³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kùi
    • Tâi-lô: kuì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kuix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kui²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kui⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kui²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kui¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kui²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kui³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khùi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰui²¹³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 季
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕi⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕi⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕi⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕi²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕi⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕi³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕji²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕi³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕi²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡sz̩⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕi³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕi³⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕi⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕi⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕy⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕi³²⁴/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕi⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/ki⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/kui⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kwɐi³³/
	Nanning	/kʷɐi³³/
	Hong Kong	/kwɐi³³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kui²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kiɛ²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ky³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/kʰui²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ki³⁵/ /kui³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: kjwijH

Rime
Character	季
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	脂 (16)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居悸切
Baxter	kjwijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kiuɪH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷiH/
Shao Rongfen	/kjuɪH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwiH/
Li Rong	/kuiH/
Wang Li	/kwiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kwiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwai3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷi[t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷids/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	季
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jì
Middle Chinese	‹ kjwijH ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷi[t]-s/
English	youngest
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	季
Reading #	1/1
No.	5832
Phonetic component	季
Rime group	至
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	季
Old Chinese	/*kʷids/
Notes	說文從稚省，王煦雲從𥝌（木曲頭，脂部古兮切）聲

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 季

1. youngest brother
2. a surname
3. (figurative) end of a series
4. quarter of a year
5. season of the year

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

季

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. season

Readings

• Go-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
• Kun: すえ (sue, 季)、とき (toki)

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Korean

Hanja

季 • (gye) (hangeul 계)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 季 (quý, quí, cuối, quỳ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.