完

See also: 宗

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

完 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十一一山 (JMMU), four-corner 3021₁, composition ⿱宀元)

Derived characters

• 寇

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 282, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7079
• Dae Jaweon: page 555, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 914, character 2
• Unihan data for U+5B8C

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		完

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (元) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
冠	*kŋoːn, *kŋoːns
莞	*kŋoːn, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋroːnʔ
脘	*ŋkoːnʔ
筦	*ŋkoːnʔ
梡	*ŋ̊ʰoːnʔ, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
岏	*ŋoːn
刓	*ŋoːn
园	*ŋoːn
忨	*ŋoːn, *ŋoːns
蚖	*ŋoːn, *ŋon
黿	*ŋoːn, *ŋon
抏	*ŋoːn
玩	*ŋoːns
貦	*ŋoːns
翫	*ŋoːns
妧	*ŋoːns
完	*ɦŋoːn
捖	*ɦŋoːn
垸	*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːns
綄	*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
院	*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋons
皖	*ɦŋoːnʔ, *ɦŋroːnʔ
晥	*ɦŋoːnʔ
浣	*ɦŋoːnʔ
頑	*ŋroːn, *ŋroːn
睆	*ɦŋroːnʔ
鯇	*ɦŋroːnʔ
元	*ŋon
沅	*ŋon
芫	*ŋon
杬	*ŋon
邧	*ŋon, *ŋonʔ
阮	*ŋon, *ŋonʔ
俒	*ɦŋuːn, *ɦŋuːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɦŋoːn) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 元 (OC *ŋon).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wán (wan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vàn / yèn / yàn
• Eastern Min (BUC): uòng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): oân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): uang⁵ / uêng⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶woe

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wán
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wán
    • Wade–Giles: wan²
    • Yale: wán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wan
    • Palladius: вань (vanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyun⁴
    • Yale: yùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vàn / yèn
    • Hakka Romanization System: vanˇ / ienˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: van² / yan²
    • Sinological IPA: /van¹¹/, /i̯en¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vàn / yàn
    • Hakka Romanization System: vanˇ / (r)ianˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: van² / yan²
    • Sinological IPA: /van¹¹/, /(j)i̯an¹¹/

Note: vòn - “whole”.

• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: uòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uoŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oân
    • Tâi-lô: uân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oaan
    • IPA (Xiamen): /uan²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /uan²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /uan¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /uan²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /uan²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: uang⁵ / uêng⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uâng / uêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵⁵/, /ueŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• uang5 - Shantou;
• uêng5 - Chaozhou.

• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶woe
    • MiniDict: woe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhuoe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦuø²³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 完
Mandarin	Beijing	/uan²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/uan²⁴/
	Tianjin	/van⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/vã⁴²/
	Qingdao	/vã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/uan⁴²/
	Xi'an	/uã²⁴/
	Xining	/uã²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/van⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/vɛ̃n⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/van⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/uan²¹³/
	Chengdu	/uan³¹/
	Guiyang	/uan²¹/
	Kunming	/uã̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/uaŋ²⁴/
	Hefei	/ʊ̃⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/væ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/uɑŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/væ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦuø²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦuø¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦuõ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/jy³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/uɛ⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/uːə⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/õ¹³/ ～好 /yẽ¹³/ ～姑妈
	Xiangtan	/ɔn¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/uɵn⁴⁵/ /fɵn⁴⁵/ /yɵn⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/van¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/vɑn¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jyn²¹/
	Nanning	/yn²¹/
	Hong Kong	/jyn²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/huan³⁵/ /uan³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/uoŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/uiŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/uaŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/zuaŋ³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: hwan

Rime
Character	完
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡官切
Baxter	hwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwan/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑn/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wun4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤo[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɦŋoːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	完
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wán
Middle Chinese	‹ hwan ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ˁo[n]/
English	finish (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	完
Reading #	1/1
No.	16125
Phonetic component	元
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	桓
Old Chinese	/*ɦŋoːn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 完

1. whole; complete
2. completed; finished; done
3. ended; over

   噉就完咗啦！ [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   gam² zau⁶ jyun⁴ zo² laa¹! [Jyutping]

   Is that all!? / It's over just like that?

4. firm; stable
5. full; abundant
6. perfect; faultless; flawless
7. to complete; to finish; to settle
8. Used after a verb to indicate perfective aspect (action completion).

   食完 [Cantonese]  ―  sik⁶ jyun⁴ [Jyutping]  ―  done eating

   搞完！ [Cantonese]  ―  gaau² jyun⁴! [Jyutping]  ―  Done!

9. (of life) to end; to enter a dangerous or hopeless state; to be doomed; done for
10. to pay; to pay back
11. to keep; to preserve
12. completely; entirely
13. (historical) an ancient punishment
14. a surname

Synonyms

• (Used after a verb): 盡／尽 (jìn)
• (Cantonese) (Used after a verb): 嗮 (sài)

See also

• (Used after a verb): 了 (le)
• (Cantonese) (Used after a verb): 咗 (zo²)

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

完

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: がん (gan)
• Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
• Kun: まったい (mattai, 完い); まっとう (mattou, 完う)

Compounds

Compounds

• 完(かん)成(せい) (kansei): completion, finish; to become complete or finished
• 完(かん)全(ぜん) (kanzen): complete, perfect; faultless
• 完(かん)品(ぴん) (kanpin): faultless article
• 完(かん)了(りょう) (kanryō): completion, finish; to complete or finish something

Etymology

Kanji in this term
完
かん Grade: 4
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 完 (MC hwan).

Affix

完(かん) • (kan) ^{←くわん (kwan)?}

1. complete, perfect, infallible, faultless
2. to complete, to finish

Noun

完(かん) • (kan) ^{←くわん (kwan)?}

1. The End; Finis (used at the end of a novel, movie, etc.)

Suffix

完(かん) • (-kan) ^{←くわん (kwan)?}

1. completion; conclusion; end
2. fully provided

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Korean

Hanja

完 • (wan) (hangeul 완, revised wan, McCune–Reischauer wan)

1. complete
2. whole

Compounds

• 완전 (wanjeon, “complete, whole”) (完全)
• 완성 (wanseong, “complete”) (完成)
• 미완성 (miwanseong, “incomplete”) (未完成)
• 완벽 (wanbyeok, “perfect”) (完璧)
• 완료 (wallyo, “complete, finished”) (完了)
• 완결 (wan'gyeol, “complete, finished”) (完結)
• 완패 (wanpae, “defeated”) (完敗)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 完 (hoàn)

1. complete (used only as part of a compounds)

Compounds

• hoàn hảo (“successfully done, perfect”) (完好)
• hoàn thiện (“to complete, to perfect”) (完善)
• hoàn thành (“to accomplish, to finish, to complete”) (完成)