彌

See also: 弥

Translingual

Han character

彌 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓一火月 (NMFB), four-corner 1122₇, composition ⿰弓爾)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 361, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9877
• Dae Jaweon: page 679, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1004, character 3
• Unihan data for U+5F4C

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Chinese

trad.		彌
simp.		弥*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (爾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
嬭	*rneːlʔ, *niːlʔ
禰	*niːlʔ
镾	*niːlʔ, *mnel
薾	*niːlʔ
檷	*niːlʔ
鑈	*niːlʔ, *neːb
瀰	*niːlʔ, *mnel, *mnelʔ
獼	*mnel
瓕	*mnel
彌	*mnel
鸍	*mnel, *hnjel
擟	*mnel
濔	*mnelʔ
壐	*smlelʔ
璽	*smlelʔ
爾	*njelʔ
邇	*njelʔ
獮	*smlenʔ
籋	*neb, *neːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mnel) : semantic 弓 + phonetic 爾 (OC *njelʔ).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mí (mi²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mei⁴ / nei⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): mì

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ni³

• Eastern Min (BUC): mì
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): bî / mî / mí / nî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ni² / mi⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶mi

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mí
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mí
    • Wade–Giles: mi²
    • Yale: mí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mi
    • Palladius: ми (mi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: mei⁴ / nei⁴
    • Yale: mèih / nèih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mei⁴ / nei⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: méi⁴ / néi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mei̯²¹/, /nei̯²¹/

Note: nei4 - more common variant.

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mì
    • Hakka Romanization System: miˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: mi²
    • Sinological IPA: /mi¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ni³
    • Sinological IPA: /ni³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: mì
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bî
    • Tâi-lô: bî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bii
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bi¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /bi²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mî
    • Tâi-lô: mî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: mii
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /mĩ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /mĩ¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /mĩ²³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mí
    • Tâi-lô: mí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: mie
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /mĩ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /mĩ⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî
    • Tâi-lô: nî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nii
    • IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³/

Note: mí - vernacular.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ni² / mi⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ní / mî
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵²/, /mi⁵⁵/

Note: mi5 - used in 彌勒.

• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶mi
    • MiniDict: mi^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³mi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mi²³/

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• Middle Chinese: mjie

Rime
Character	彌
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	武移切
Baxter	mjie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/miᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/miɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/mjɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/miə̆/
Li Rong	/mie/
Wang Li	/mǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/mie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mei4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-nə[r]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*mnel/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	彌
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mí
Middle Chinese	‹ mjie ›
Old Chinese	/*m-nə[r]/
English	to complete
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	彌
Reading #	1/1
No.	2808
Phonetic component	爾
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	彌
Old Chinese	/*mnel/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 彌

1. to relax a bow
2. to fill; to cover
3. full; overflowing; extensive
4. long; distant
5. more

   • 顏淵喟然歎曰：「仰之彌高，鑽之彌堅。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     颜渊喟然叹曰：「仰之弥高，钻之弥坚。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Yán Yuān kuìrán tàn yuē: “Yǎng zhī mí gāo, zuān zhī mí jiān.” [Pinyin]

     Yan Yuan, in admiration of the Master's doctrines, sighed and said, “I looked up to them, and they seemed to become more high; I tried to penetrate them, and they seemed to become more firm; […]

6. to mend; to repair
7. a surname

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mǐ (mi³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧˇ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mǐ
    • Wade–Giles: mi³
    • Yale: mǐ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mii
    • Palladius: ми (mi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi²¹⁴/

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• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-nə[r]ʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	彌
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mí
Middle Chinese	‹ mjieX ›
Old Chinese	/*m-nə[r]ʔ/
English	stop
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 彌

1. (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 弭 (mǐ, “to stop; to put down”).

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ní (ni²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ní
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ní
    • Wade–Giles: ni²
    • Yale: ní
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ni
    • Palladius: ни (ni)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni³⁵/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 彌

1. (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 婗 (ní).

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Japanese

Kanji

彌

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 弥)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: み (mi)
• Kan-on: び (bi)
• Kun: ひさしい (hisashii, 彌しい); わたる (wataru, 彌る); あまねし (amaneshi, 彌し); いよいよ (iyoiyo, 彌)

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Korean

Hanja

彌 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi, Yale mi)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 彌 (di)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.