旨

See also: 㫐

Translingual

Han character

旨 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 心日 (PA) or 難心日 (XPA), four-corner 2160₁, composition ⿱匕日)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 489, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13738
• Dae Jaweon: page 850, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1485, character 7
• Unihan data for U+65E8

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Chinese

trad.		旨
simp. #		旨

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 旨
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (旨) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
稽	*kiː, *kʰiːʔ
詣	*ŋɡiːs
栺	*ŋɡiːs, *kji
榰	*klje
脂	*kji
鴲	*kji, *kjis
指	*kjiʔ
旨	*kjiʔ
恉	*kjiʔ
嗜	*ɡjis
蓍	*qʰlji
鰭	*ɡri
耆	*ɡri
鮨	*ɡri
鬐	*ɡri

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kjiʔ) : phonetic 匕 (OC *pilʔ) + semantic 甘 (“delicious”) – according to the Shuowen.

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) interpretations: 匕, a man tasting, or a spoon (匙).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zi²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chṳ́
• Northern Min (KCR): cǐ
• Eastern Min (BUC): cī
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chí

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zi²

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵tsy

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhǐh
    • Wade–Giles: chih³
    • Yale: jř
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
    • Palladius: чжи (čži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zi²
    • Yale: jí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́
    • Hakka Romanization System: zii`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zi³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ³¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cǐ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cī
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
    • Tâi-lô: tsí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cie
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡si⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡si⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zi²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsí
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵tsy
    • MiniDict: tsy^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsr
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sz̩³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyijX

Rime
Character	旨
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	脂 (17)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	職雉切
Baxter	tsyijX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕˠiɪX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕᵚiX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiɪX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cjiX/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕjiX/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕiX/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kijʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kjiʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	旨
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyijX ›
Old Chinese	/*kijʔ/
English	fine-tasting
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	旨
Reading #	1/1
No.	17326
Phonetic component	旨
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	旨
Old Chinese	/*kjiʔ/
Notes	甲文象匕在口表甘美， 非匕聲

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 旨

1. delicious
2. fine
3. delicious food
4. intention; purpose; aim
5. decree; imperial decree

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Japanese

Kanji

旨

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. delicious
2. appetizing
3. clever

Readings

• Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kun: むね (mune, 旨, Jōyō); うまい (umai, 旨い)

Compounds

• 旨(うま)味(み) (umami)
• 要旨(ようし) (yōshi)
• 趣旨(しゅし) (shushi)
• 本旨(ほんし) (honshi)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
旨
むね Grade: S
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• 宗

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) むね​ [mùnéꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• (Tokyo) む​ね [múꜜnè] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [mɯ̟ᵝne̞]

Noun

旨(むね) • (mune) ^{←むね (mune)?}

1. principle; aim; purpose
2. gist; meaning

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Korean

Hanja

旨 • (ji) (hangeul 지)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 旨 (chỉ)

1. royal order, decree