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U+5319, 匙
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5319

[U+5318]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+531A]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 21, +9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 日人心 (AOP), four-corner 61801, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 153, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2590
  • Dae Jaweon: page 344, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 263, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5319

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *dje) : phonetic (OC *djeʔ) + semantic (spoon).

Pronunciation 1

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/
Tianjin
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
Xi'an
Xining /sz̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Ürümqi
Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
Chengdu /sz̩³¹/
Guiyang /sz̩²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /sz̩¹¹/ 小勺兒
Pingyao /sz̩¹³/
Hohhot /sz̩³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zz̩²³/
Suzhou /zz̩¹³/
Hangzhou /zz̩²¹³/
Wenzhou /zei³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕi⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ɕi⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ʂʐ̩¹²/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰi²¹/ ~羹
Nanning /t͡sʰi²¹/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰi²¹/ ~羹
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /si³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sie⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min)
Shantou (Teochew) /si⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese)

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (25)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter dzye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ʑiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡ʑiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ʑjɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡ʑiə̆/
Li
Rong
/ʑie/
Wang
Li
/ʑǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʑie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
si4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 11641
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*dje/

Definitions

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  1. spoon

Synonyms

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Compounds

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See also

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Pronunciation 2

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʂʐ̩⁰/
Harbin
Tianjin /su⁰/
Jinan
Qingdao
Zhengzhou
Xi'an /sz̩⁰/
Xining /sz̩⁰/
Yinchuan
Lanzhou
Ürümqi /sz̩⁰/
Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩⁰/
Chengdu /sz̩⁵⁵/
Guiyang /sz̩⁵⁵/
Kunming
Nanjing
Hefei
Jin Taiyuan /sz̩⁴⁵/ 鑰~
Pingyao /sz̩¹³/
Hohhot /sz̩³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zz̩²³/
Suzhou /zz̩¹³/
Hangzhou /zz̩²¹³/
Wenzhou /zei³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕi⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ɕi⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ʂʐ̩¹²/
Gan Nanchang /sz̩⁰/ 鎖~
Hakka Meixian /sz̩¹¹/
/sz̩³¹/
Taoyuan /ʃï¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /si²¹/ 鎖~
Nanning
Hong Kong /si²¹/ 鎖~
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /si³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sie⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /i²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /si⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ti³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (25)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter dzye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ʑiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡ʑiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ʑjɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡ʑiə̆/
Li
Rong
/ʑie/
Wang
Li
/ʑǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʑie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
si4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 11641
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*dje/

Definitions

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  1. key (Classifier: c)
      ―  yàoshi  ―  key
    士啤 [Cantonese]  ―  si6 be1 si4 [Jyutping]  ―  spare key
Synonyms
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Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. spoon

Readings

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  • Go-on: (ji)
  • Kan-on: (shi)
  • Kan’yō-on: (hi)
  • Kun: かい (kai, )さじ (saji, )しゃじ (shaji, )すくい (sukui, )

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term

Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (zhiɛ, spoon). The goon, so likely the earliest borrowing from Middle Chinese.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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() (-ji

  1. spoon, scoop
Usage notes
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Only found in compounds.

Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term

Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (zhiɛ, spoon). The kan'on, so a later borrowing. Compare modern Cantonese (ci4), Min Nan ().

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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() (-shi

  1. spoon, scoop
Usage notes
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Only found in compounds.

Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term

Hyōgai
on'yomi
Alternative spelling

Likely an alteration of the kan'on reading shi: /si//hi/

Pronunciation

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Affix

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() (hi

  1. spoon, scoop
Usage notes
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Only found in compounds.

Derived terms
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Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
かい
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling

/kapi1//kapi//kaɸi//kahi//kai/

From Old Japanese (kai, shellfish, clam; clam shell), from the way that clam shells were used as scoops.[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(かい) (kaiかひ (kafi)?

  1. (obsolete) a scoop for food
  2. (archaic, rare) a wooden sword for training
    This sense developed from an ateji spelling of 木刀 (literally, “wooden blade”) applied to the food scoop meaning.
Derived terms
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Etymology 5

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(saji): a spoon.
Kanji in this term
さじ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling

Originally a compound of (sa, tea, the tōon or Tang reading) +‎ (ji, spoon, scoop).[1][2][3] This on'yomi reading for a two-character term was then applied to the single-character spelling, and re-interpreted as kun'yomi.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(さじ) (saji

  1. spoon, scoop used for food
    (わたし)たちは(さじ)でスープを()む。
    Watashitachi wa saji de sūpu o nomu.
    We eat soup with a spoon.
  2. more specifically, a spoon or scoop used for compounding medicine
  3. by extension, medicine
  4. by further extension, a doctor
Usage notes
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In modern Japanese, the term スプーン (supūn) is used to refer to spoons in general, including spoons as found in the Western world. The term saji generally refers more to the broad, usually flat-bottomed Asian-style spoon shown at right.

The saji reading is the most common in modern Japanese when using this term as a standalone noun. The kanji spelling () is rarely encountered; it is usually written in hiragana alone (さじ).

Derived terms
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Idioms
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Synonyms
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Etymology 6

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Kanji in this term
しゃじ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Appears to be an alteration of saji above: [sad͡ʑi][ɕad͡ʑi][1][2][3]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(しゃじ) (shaji

  1. spoon
Usage notes
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This reading does not appear to be as common as the saji reading above. May be dialectal.

Etymology 7

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Kanji in this term
すくい
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling of 掬い (sukui, scoop), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, continuative or stem form) of verb 掬う (sukuu, to scoop).[1]

Rare. Only found in compounds.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(すくい) (sukuiすくひ (sukufi)?

  1. (rare) a scoop
Usage notes
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Although the general term (すく) (sukui) can serve as a standalone noun, this particular spelling for sukui is only found in compounds.

Derived terms
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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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(eum (si))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: thi, thìa, thì, chủy/chuỷ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.