狸

See also: 貍

Translingual

Han character

狸 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 大竹田土 (KHWG), four-corner 4621₄, composition ⿰犭里)

Derived characters

• 䔆, 𩮞, 𢟆

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 711, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20427
• Dae Jaweon: page 1123, character 27
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1348, character 11
• Unihan data for U+72F8

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Chinese

trad.		狸/貍*
simp.		狸

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (里) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
埋	*mrɯː
霾	*mrɯː
薶	*mrɯː
榸	*ʔr'ɯː
厘	*rɯ
狸	*rɯ
貍	*p·rɯ
梩	*rɯ
艃	*rɯ
里	*rɯʔ
理	*rɯʔ
鯉	*rɯʔ
俚	*rɯʔ
悝	*rɯʔ, *km̥ʰlɯː
娌	*rɯʔ
裏	*rɯʔ
荲	*r̥ʰɯɡ, *l̥ʰuɡ, *hluɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rɯ) : semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 里 (OC *rɯʔ). Originally an unorthodox variant (俗字) of the character 貍 (lí).

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 狸

1. raccoon dog

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

狸

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. raccoon dog
2. wild cat

Readings

• Go-on: り (ri)
• Kan-on: り (ri)
• Kun: たぬき (tanuki, 狸)

Compounds

• 海(かい)狸(り) (kairi)
• 屈狸(クズリ) (kuzuri)
• 狐狸(こり) (kori)
• 狐狗狸(こっくり) (kokkuri)

Alternative forms

Kanji in this term
狸
たぬき Hyōgai
kun'yomi

• 貍

Etymology 1

According to one theory, derived from 手貫 (tanuki, “arm glove, gauntlet”), where raccoon dog hide was sometimes used for.

Noun

狸(たぬき) or 狸(タヌキ) • (tanuki) 

1. a raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides
   • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō:

     狸 兼名苑云狸［音𨤲和名太奴木］摶鳥為粮者也

     Raccoon dog: According to Jian Ming Yuan (兼名苑), raccoon dogs [read as 𨤲 (ri), native Japanese 太奴木 (tanuki)] always prey on birds.

   Synonyms: マミ (mami), 狢 (mujina)

2. (figurative) a person who pretends to be good but in fact is cunning (compare English sly fox)
   • 1717, Kokusen'ya gonichi gassen (jōruri), volume 3

     やいやい、其処(そこ)な狸(たぬき)め

     yai yai, soko na tanuki me

     Hey there, you sly dog!

3. Short for 狸饂飩 (tanuki-udon) and 狸蕎麦 (tanuki-soba): styles of various noodle dishes
4. (rare) Short for 狸寝入り (tanuki neiri): pretending to be asleep

   狸(たぬき)を決(き)め込(こ)む ― tanuki o kimekomu ― pretend to be a raccoon dog → feign sleep

5. (rare, obsolete) Short for 狸汁 (tanuki-jiru): a soup made from tanuki meat mixed with daikon, burdock root, etc.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 狸(タヌキ)菖蒲(アヤメ) (tanuki ayame)
• 狸(たぬき)饂飩(うどん) (tanuki-udon)
• 狸(たぬき)親(おや)父(じ) (tanuki oyaji)
• 狸(たぬき)顔(がお) (tanukigao)
• 狸(たぬき)狩(が)り (tanukigari)
• 狸(たぬき)小(こう)路(じ) (Tanuki Kōji)
• 狸(たぬき)爺(じじい) (tanukijijī)
• 狸(たぬき)汁(じる) (tanuki-jiru)
• 狸(たぬき)蕎(そ)麦(ば) (tanuki-soba)
• 狸(たぬき)憑(つ)き (tanukitsuki)
• 狸(たぬき)寝(ね) (tanukine)
• 狸(たぬき)寝入(ねい)り (tanuki neiri)
• 狸(たぬき)の燭(しょく)台(だい) (tanuki no shokudai)
• 狸(たぬき)の茶(ちゃ)袋(ぶくろ) (tanuki no chabukuro)
• 狸(たぬき)婆(ばばあ) (tanukibabā)
• 狸(たぬき)囃(ばや)子(し) (tanukibayashi)
• 狸(たぬき)笛(ぶえ) (tanukibue)
• 狸(たぬき)掘(ぼ)り (tanukibori)
• 狸(タヌキ)豆(マメ) (tanukimame)
• 狸(タヌキ)藻(モ) (tanukimo)
• 狸(タヌキ)蘭(ラン) (tanukiran)
• 飴(あめ)細(ざい)工(く)の狸(たぬき) (amezaiku no tanuki)
• 射(い)狸(だぬき) (Idanuki)
• 岩(いわ)狸(だぬき) (iwadanuki)
• 海(うみ)狸(だぬき) (umidanuki)
• 面(おも)白(しろ)狸(だぬき) (omoshiro-danuki)
• 隠(かくし)狸(だぬき) (Kakushidanuki)
• 狐(きつね)と狸(たぬき) (kitsune to tanuki)
• 初(はつ)午(うま)の狸(たぬき) (hatsūma no tanuki)
• 古(ふる)狸(だぬき) (furudanuki)
• 本(ホン)土(ド)狸(タヌキ) (hondo tanuki)
• 豆(まめ)狸(だぬき) (mamedanuki)
• 貒(み)狸(だぬき) (midanuki)

Idioms

• 狸(たぬき)の睾(きん)丸(たま)八(はち)畳(じょう)敷(じき) (tanuki no kintama hachijōjiki)
• 同(おな)じ穴(あな)の狸(たぬき) (onaji ana no tanuki)
• 取(と)らぬ狸(たぬき)の皮(かわ)算(ざん)用(よう) (toranu tanuki no kawazan'yō)

Proverbs

Proverbs

• 狸(たぬき)の燭(しょく)台(だい) (tanuki no shokudai)
• 狸(たぬき)の腹(はら)鼓(つづみ) (tanuki no haratsuzumi)
• 狐(きつね)と狸(たぬき)の化(ば)かし合(あ)い (kitsune to tanuki no bakashi ai)
• 豺(さい)狼(ろう)路(みち)に当(あ)たれり，安(いずく)んぞ狐狸(こり)を問(と)わん (sairō michi ni atareri, izukunzo kori o towan)
• 鹿(しか)待(ま)つ所(ところ)の狸(たぬき) (shika matsu tokoro no tanuki)

Descendants

• English: tanuki, tanooki

See also

• 穴(アナ)熊(グマ) (anaguma, “badger”)
• 洗(アライ)熊(グマ) (araiguma, “raccoon”)
• 犬(イヌ) (inu, “dog”)
• 狐(キツネ) (kitsune, “fox”)
• 猫(ネコ) (neko, “cat”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
狸
たたけ Hyōgai
irregular

⟨tatake₂⟩ → */tatakəɨ/ → /tatake/

From Old Japanese.

Alternative forms

• 狸毛

Noun

狸(たたけ) or 狸(たたげ) • (tatake or tatage) 

1. (archaic, obsolete) a raccoon dog
   • 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki:

     猫狸 [...] ニ又漢云野貍、倭言上尼古、下多〻既

     Cat and raccoon dog, [...] both of them are called 野貍 (yari) in Chinese; the former is called 尼古 (⟨neko₁⟩ → neko) while the latter is called 多〻既 (⟨tatake₂⟩ → tatake) in Japanese.

2. (archaic, obsolete) the hair of a raccoon dog, used for making brushes
   • 1445-1446, Ainōshō

     タゝゲノ筆(フデ)ナンド云(イフ)。タゝ毛(ゲ)トハ。タヌキノ毛歟(ケカ)。狸(タヌキ)ノ字(ジ)ヲ。タゝゲトヨム

     Tatage no fude nando iu. Tatage to wa, tanuki no ke ka. Tanuki no ji o, tatage to yomu

     This is a so-called brush [made] of tatage. Tatage [spelled by the character 毛 meaning "hair"] might mean the hair of a raccoon dog. The 狸 character for "raccoon dog" is read as tatage.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
狸
たのき Hyōgai
irregular

Cognate with tanuki above.

Considered to be a result of irregular apophony in the medieval times.

Noun

狸(たのき) • (tanoki) 

1. (dated, dialectal, Western Japan, chiefly Kansai) a raccoon dog
   • c. 1529, Mōgyūshō

     ししやたのきの様(やう)な人(ひと)でをり候(さうらう)ぞ

     Shishi ya tanoki no yō na hito de ori sōrō zo

     His personality is like a deer or raccoon dog, sir.

2. (dated, dialectal, Kansai) Short for 狸饂飩 (tanoki-udon) and 狸蕎麦 (tanoki-soba): styles of various noodle dishes

See also

• 狐(けつね) (ketsune, “fox”, Kansai)

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Korean

Hanja

狸 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)

1. (너구리 리, neoguri-): raccoon dog

Synonyms

• 山獺 (산달, sandal)

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Okinawan

Kanji

狸 (hiragana たぬき, romaji tanuki)

Etymology

Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as たぬき.

Noun

狸 (hiragana たぬき, romaji tanuki)

1. raccoon dog

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 狸 (li)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.