石油

Chinese

		rock	oil
simp. and trad. (石油)		石	油

Etymology

First attested in 1086–1093, in Shen Kuo's Dream Pool Essays, where the oil was used as ink by the author:

黑光如漆，松墨不及也，遂大為之，其識文為「延川石液」者是也。此物後必大行於世，自余始為之。蓋石油至多，生於地中無窮，不若松木有時而竭。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]

---

黑光如漆，松墨不及也，遂大为之，其识文为「延川石液」者是也。此物后必大行于世，自余始为之。盖石油至多，生于地中无穷，不若松木有时而竭。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

From: c. 1088 CE, Shen Kuo, Dream Pool Essays

Hēi guāng rú qī, sōngmò bùjí yě, suì dà wéi zhī, qí zhì wén wéi “Yánchuān shí yè” zhě shìyě. Cǐ wù hòu bì dàxíng yú shì, zì yú shǐ wéi zhī. Gài shíyóu zhìduō, shēng yú dì zhōng wúqióng, bùruò sōngmù yǒushí ér jié. [Pinyin]

The quality of this kind of ink stick is even better than the one made of pine soot. Hence such ink stick is manufactured in large quantities, “Yanzhou Stone Liquid” being the label carved on its surface. I am the first to make this kind of ink stick and I believe that it will one day become popular, because there is plenty of petroleum in the world gushing from the ground in a steady stream, contrary to the fact that pine trees may sometime be depleted.

Compare petroleum with a nearly identical word-formation.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): shíyóu

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄧㄡˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шыю (šɨiu, I-I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sek⁶ jau⁴

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sa̍k-yù

  (Hailu, HRS): shag^ˋ rhiu

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chio̍h-iû

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zioh⁸ iu⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁸zaq-yeu
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shr⁶ iou²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shíyóu
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄧㄡˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shíhyóu
    • Wade–Giles: shih²-yu²
    • Yale: shŕ-yóu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyryou
    • Palladius: шию (šiju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɻ̩³⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 石油 食油

  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шыю (šɨiu, I-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɻ̩²⁴ iou²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sek⁶ jau⁴
    • Yale: sehk yàuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sek⁹ jau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ség⁶ yeo⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛːk̚² jɐu̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sa̍k-yù
    • Hakka Romanization System: sag iu^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sag⁶ yiu²
    • Sinological IPA: /sak̚⁵ i̯u¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sa̍k-yù
    • Hakka Romanization System: sag (r)iu^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sag⁶ yiu²
    • Sinological IPA: /sak̚⁵ (j)i̯u¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: shag^ˋ rhiu
    • Sinological IPA: /ʃak² ʒiu⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chio̍h-iû
    • Tâi-lô: tsio̍h-iû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cioiq'iuu
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ iu²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² iu²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ iu¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ iu²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ iu²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zioh⁸ iu⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsio̍h iû
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sioʔ⁴⁻² iu⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁸zaq-yeu
    • MiniDict: zah^入 yeu
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵zaq-hhieu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zaʔ¹¹ ɦiɤ²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: shr⁶ iou²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʂɻ̩²⁴ i̯əu̯¹³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /sɹ̩²⁴ i̯əu̯¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzyek yuw

Rime
Character	石	油
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	常隻切	以周切
Baxter	dzyek	yuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇk̚/	/jɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛk̚/	/jiu/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑiæk̚/	/iəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑiajk̚/	/juw/
Li Rong	/ʑiɛk̚/	/iu/
Wang Li	/ʑĭɛk̚/	/jĭəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ɛk̚/	/i̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shí	yóu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sik6	jau4

Noun

石油

1. oil; petroleum

   石油鑽塔／石油钻塔  ―  shíyóu zuàntǎ  ―  oil rig

   石油鑽台／石油钻台  ―  shíyóu zuàntái  ―  oil rig

2. (dated or dialectal) kerosene

   • 燈火漸漸地縮小了，在預告石油的已經不多；石油又不是老牌，早熏得燈罩很昏暗。 [MSC, trad.]
     灯火渐渐地缩小了，在预告石油的已经不多；石油又不是老牌，早熏得灯罩很昏暗。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1925, Lu Xun, 《好的故事》, translated by Yang Xianyi & Gladys Yang

     Dēnghuǒ jiànjiàn de suōxiǎo le, zài yùgào shíyóu de yǐjīng bù duō; shíyóu yòu bù shì lǎopái, zǎo xūn de dēngzhào hěn hūn'àn. [Pinyin]

     The lamp flame slowly dwindled, a sign that there was not much paraffin left; and the paraffin, which was not of the best brand, had already blackened the chimney with its smoke.

3. (Xiang, dated) petrol

Synonyms

• (kerosene):

Dialectal synonyms of 煤油 (“kerosene”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		煤油
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	煤油
	Taiwan	煤油
	Langfang	煤油
	Chengde	煤油, 火油
	Chifeng	煤油, 洋油, 火油
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	煤油, 火油
	Heihe	煤油, 洋油
	Qiqihar	煤油, 洋油
	Harbin	煤油, 洋油, 火油
	Jiamusi	煤油, 洋油
	Baicheng	煤油, 洋油
	Changchun	煤油, 洋油
	Tonghua	洋油
	Shenyang	煤油, 洋油, 火油
	Jinzhou	煤油, 洋油, 火油
	Malaysia	煤油, 火水
	Singapore	煤油
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	煤油
	Tangshan	煤油, 洋油
	Cangzhou	煤油
	Xianxian (Xiaoying)	煤油
	Baoding	煤油, 洋油
	Shijiazhuang	煤油, 洋油
	Lijin	煤油
	Jinan	煤油, 洋油
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	火油
	Dandong	煤油, 火油
	Yantai	火油
	Yantai (Muping)	火油
	Qingdao	煤油, 洋油, 火油
	Zhucheng	火油
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	洋油
	Lingbao	煤油
	Jining	煤油, 洋油
	Daming	洋油
	Linfen	煤油
	Shangqiu	煤油, 洋油
	Yuanyang	煤油, 洋油
	Zhengzhou	洋油
	Xinyang	洋油
	Ankang	煤油, 洋油
	Ankang (Xianhe, Hanbin)	煤油, 洋油
	Baihe	煤油, 洋油
	Baihe (Maoping)	煤油, 洋油
	Xi'an	煤油, 洋油
	Dingbian	煤油
	Baoji	煤油, 洋油, 火油
	Tianshui	煤油
	Xining	煤油, 洋油 dated
	Dunhuang (Hedong dialect)	煤油, 火油
	Xuzhou	煤油, 洋油
	Fuyang	煤油, 洋油
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	洋燈油
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	煤油
	Lanzhou	煤油
	Hami	石油
	Ürümqi	石油
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	煤油, 洋油 dated
	Nanchong	煤油, 洋油
	Nanbu	煤油, 洋油
	Dazhou	煤油, 洋油
	Hanyuan	洋油
	Xichang	煤油, 洋油
	Zigong	煤油, 洋油
	Chongqing	煤油, 洋油
	Wuhan	煤油, 洋油
	Yichang	煤油, 洋油
	Xiangyang	煤油, 洋油
	Tianmen	煤油, 洋油
	Guiyang	煤油, 洋油
	Zunyi	煤油, 洋油
	Bijie	煤油
	Liping	煤油
	Zhaotong	水火油
	Dali	洋油, 水火油
	Kunming	煤油, 水火油
	Mengzi	水火油
	Guilin	煤油, 洋油
	Guilin (Lingui)	洋油
	Pingle	煤油, 水火油
	Liuzhou	煤油, 洋油, 火水, 火水油, 火油, 水火油 dated
	Liuzhou (Luorong)	洋油
	Luzhai	煤油, 水火油
	Nanning (Fujian)	火油
	Nanning (Wuming)	火油, 洋油, 煤油
	Binyang (Nanjie)	水油
	Hechi (Yizhou)	火油, 煤油, 水火油, 火水油
	Luocheng (Dongmen)	火油, 水火油
	Tianlin (Langping)	火油
	Tianlin (Pingtang)	火油
	Jishou	煤油, 洋油
	Changde	煤油, 洋油
	Yongzhou	煤油, 洋油
	Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	煤油
	Shiquan	煤油, 洋油
	Ziyang	煤油, 洋油
	Hanzhong	煤油, 洋油
	Kokang	洋油, 火油
	Dagudi (Maliba)	洋油, 煤油
	Reshuitang (Longling)	洋油, 煤油
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	煤油
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	洋油
	Oudomxay	水火油
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	煤油, 洋油 dated
	Yangzhou	洋油, 煤油, 火油
	Lianyungang	煤油, 洋油
	Lianshui	洋油, 火油
	Xinghua	洋油, 煤油, 火油
	Nantong	洋油, 火油
	Anqing	煤油, 洋油
	Wuhu	煤油, 洋油
	Hefei	煤油, 洋油
	Chuzhou	洋油 dated
	Hong'an	煤油, 洋油
Mandarin	Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle)	臭油
Cantonese	Guangzhou	火水
	Hong Kong	火水
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	火水
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	火水
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	火水
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	火水
	Macau	火水
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	火水
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	火水, 火水油
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	火水
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	火水
	Foshan	火水
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	火水
	Foshan (Shunde)	火水
	Foshan (Sanshui)	火水
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	火水
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	火水
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	火水
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	火水
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	火水
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	火水
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	火水
	Taishan	火水
	Taishan (Guanghai)	煤油, 煤氣油
	Kaiping (Chikan)	火水
	Enping (Niujiang)	火水
	Heshan (Yayao)	煤油, 火水
	Dongguan	火水
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	火水
	Yangjiang	火水
	Nanning	火油, 火水油
	Yulin	火水
	Guiping	煤油
	Guiping (Jintian)	水油
	Guiping (Jiangkou)	火油
	Guiping (Madong)	煤油, 火水
	Mengshan (Xihe)	火油
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	火水油
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	火油
	Baise	火油, 煤油
	Bobai	火水油
	Lingshan	火油
	Pubei	火水油
	Qinzhou	火油, 水火油, 煤油
	Beihai	火水油, 火水
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	火水油
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	火水油
	Ningming	火油
	Hengzhou	火油
	Hezhou (Pumen, Babu)	火油
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	火水
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	火水
	Móng Cái	火水油
	Yangon (Taishan)	火水
	Mandalay (Taishan)	煤油
Gan	Nanchang	煤油, 洋油
	Poyang	洋油
	Yugan	洋油
	Wannian	洋油
	Yiyang, Jiangxi	洋油
	Hengfeng	洋油
	Yanshan (Hekou)	洋油
	Lichuan	洋油
	Pingxiang	洋油
Hakka	Meixian	洋油, 火水
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	火水
	Huiyang	火水
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	火水
	Boluo (Bendihua)	火水
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	火水
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	火水
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	洋油, 火水
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	火水
	Zijin	火水
	Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua)	火水
	Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua)	火水
	Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua)	火水
	Liannan	水油, 水火油
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	火水
	Jiexi	番油, 水油
	Changting	洋油
	Wuping	洋油
	Ninghua	洋油
	Yudu	洋油
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	煤油, 水油
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	煤油, 水油
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	煤油, 水油
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	煤油, 水油
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	煤油, 水油
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	煤油, 水油
	Hong Kong	火水
	Luchuan	火水
	Bobai (Shahe)	火水油
	Bobai (Longtan)	水油
	Bobai (Lingping)	火水油
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	火油
	Beiliu (Gonghe, Xilang)	火水, 煤油
	Mashan (Pianlian)	火油
	Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui)	洋油, 火油, 煤油
	Senai (Huiyang)	火水
	Singkawang	泥油
	Pontianak (Meixian)	泥油
Huizhou	Jixi	煤油, 洋油 dated
	Shexian	煤油, 洋油
	Wuyuan	煤油
	Dexing	洋油
Jin	Taiyuan	煤油, 洋油
	Yangyuan	煤油
	Datong	煤油
	Datong (Yunzhou)	煤油
	Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou)	煤油
	Xinzhou	煤油
	Lüliang (Lishi)	煤油
	Changzhi	煤油, 洋油
	Linhe	煤油
	Jining	煤油
	Hohhot	煤油
	Erenhot	煤油
	Pingshan	煤油, 洋油
	Zhangjiakou	煤油
	Handan	煤油, 洋油
	Linzhou	洋油
	Suide	煤油
Jiuxing Yumin	Jiande	洋油, 煤油
	Jinhua	洋油, 煤油
	Lanxi	洋油, 煤油
	Tunxi	洋油, 煤油
Northern Min	Jian'ou	洋油
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	洋油
	Gutian	洋油
Southern Min	Xiamen	塗油, 臭油, 汽油, 番仔油
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	臭油
	Quanzhou	塗油, 臭油
	Jinjiang	塗油
	Yongchun	塗油
	Zhangzhou	塗油, 臭油
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	塗油, 番仔油
	Taipei	臭油
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	番仔油
	Kaohsiung	臭油
	Yilan	臭油
	Changhua (Lukang)	番仔油
	Taichung	番仔油
	Tainan	臭油
	Hsinchu	水油
	Penghu (Magong)	臭油
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	煤油
	Guilin (Biyange)	洋油, 煤油
	Chaozhou	火油
	Shantou	水油, 火水油, 火油
	Jieyang	火油, 火水, 火水油
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	塗油
	Pontianak (Teochew)	塗油
	Leizhou	火水
	Haikou	火水
Puxian Min	Putian	火油, 番囝油
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	火油, 番囝油
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	番囝油
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	臭油
	Xianyou	火油, 番囝油
	Xianyou (Fengting)	火油, 番囝油
	Xianyou (Youyang)	火油, 番囝油
Central Min	Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping)	煤油
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	火水
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	火油, 水油 dated, 水火油 dated
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Chaoyang)	煤油
	Guilin (Dongbianzhou)	煤油
	Guilin (Zhuyuan)	煤油
	Guilin (Yangjia)	洋油
	Guilin (Wutong, Lingui)	洋油
	Guilin (Liutang, Lingui)	火油
	Lingchuan (Tanxia)	煤油
	Lingchuan (Shuangzhou)	煤油
	Yangshuo (Jima)	水火油
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	煤油
	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	洋油
	Luxi (Liangjiatan)	煤油
	Luxi (Lijiatian)	煤油
	Chengbu (Xuntou)	煤油
Wu	Shanghai	煤油, 火油, 洋油 dated
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	洋油
	Shanghai (Jiading)	洋油
	Shanghai (Chongming)	洋油, 火油
	Suzhou	洋油, 火油
	Danyang	洋油, 火油
	Hangzhou	洋油, 火油
	Ningbo	洋油, 火油
	Wenzhou	洋油
	Jinhua	煤油, 洋油
	Yiwu	洋油
	Shangrao	洋油
	Shangrao (Guangfeng)	洋油
	Yushan	洋油
Xiang	Changsha	煤油, 洋油
	Loudi	洋油
	Shuangfeng	煤油, 洋油
	Hengyang	煤油, 洋油
	Hengshan	煤油, 洋油 dated
	Hengshan (Baiguo)	煤油, 洋油 dated
	Quanzhou	洋油
	Guanyang (Wenshi)	水火油

• (petrol):

Dialectal synonyms of 汽油 (“petrol; gasoline”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		汽油
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	汽油
	Taiwan	汽油
	Chengde	汽油
	Chifeng	汽油
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	汽油
	Heihe	汽油
	Qiqihar	汽油
	Harbin	汽油
	Jiamusi	汽油
	Baicheng	汽油
	Changchun	汽油
	Tonghua	汽油
	Shenyang	汽油
	Jinzhou	汽油
	Singapore	汽油
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	汽油
	Tangshan	汽油
	Cangzhou	汽油
	Xianxian (Xiaoying)	汽油
	Baoding	汽油
	Shijiazhuang	汽油
	Lijin	汽油
	Jinan	汽油
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	汽油
	Dandong	汽油, 汽發油
	Yantai	汽油
	Yantai (Muping)	汽油
	Qingdao	汽油
	Zhucheng	汽油
Central Plains Mandarin	Lingbao	汽油
	Jining	汽油
	Linfen	汽油
	Shangqiu	汽油
	Yuanyang	汽油
	Zhengzhou	汽油
	Xinyang	汽油
	Ankang	汽油, 洋油
	Ankang (Xianhe, Hanbin)	汽油, 洋油
	Baihe	汽油
	Baihe (Maoping)	汽油, 洋油
	Xi'an	汽油
	Dingbian	汽油
	Baoji	汽油
	Tianshui	汽油
	Xining	汽油
	Dunhuang (Hedong dialect)	汽油
	Xuzhou	汽油
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	汽油
	Lanzhou	汽油
	Hami	汽油
	Ürümqi	汽油
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	汽油
	Nanchong	汽油
	Nanbu	汽油
	Dazhou	汽油
	Hanyuan	汽油
	Xichang	汽油
	Zigong	汽油
	Chongqing	汽油
	Wuhan	汽油
	Yichang	汽油
	Xiangyang	汽油
	Tianmen	汽油
	Guiyang	汽油
	Zunyi	汽油
	Bijie	汽油
	Liping	汽油
	Zhaotong	汽油
	Dali	汽油
	Kunming	汽油
	Mengzi	汽油
	Guilin	汽油
	Pingle	汽油
	Liuzhou	汽油
	Luzhai	汽油
	Nanning (Fujian)	汽油
	Nanning (Wuming)	汽油
	Binyang (Nanjie)	汽油
	Hechi (Yizhou)	汽油
	Luocheng (Dongmen)	汽油
	Tianlin (Langping)	汽油
	Jishou	汽油
	Changde	汽油
	Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	汽油
	Shiquan	汽油, 洋油
	Ziyang	汽油, 洋油
	Hanzhong	汽油
	Dagudi (Maliba)	汽油
	Reshuitang (Longling)	汽油
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	汽油
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	汽油
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	汽油
	Yangzhou	汽油
	Lianyungang	汽油
	Lianshui	汽油
	Nantong	汽油
	Anqing	汽油
	Wuhu	汽油
	Hefei	汽油
	Hong'an	汽油
Cantonese	Guangzhou	電油
	Hong Kong	電油, 油
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	電油
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	電油
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	電油
	Taishan	車油
	Kaiping (Chikan)	電油
	Dongguan	電油
	Yangjiang	電油
	Beihai	電油
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	汽油, 電油
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	電油
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	汽油
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	電油
	Móng Cái	電油
Gan	Nanchang	汽油
Hakka	Meixian	汽油, 電油
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	汽油, 加所輪
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	汽油, 加所輪
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	汽油, 加所輪
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	汽油, 加所輪
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	汽油, 加所輪
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	汽油, 發油, 加所輪
	Hong Kong	電油
	Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui)	汽油
Huizhou	Shexian	汽油
Jin	Taiyuan	汽油
	Yangyuan	汽油
	Datong	汽油
	Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou)	汽油
	Xinzhou	汽油
	Lüliang (Lishi)	汽油
	Changzhi	汽油
	Linhe	汽油
	Jining	汽油
	Hohhot	汽油
	Erenhot	汽油
	Pingshan	汽油
	Zhangjiakou	汽油
	Handan	汽油
	Linzhou	汽油
	Suide	汽油
Northern Min	Jian'ou	汽油
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	汽油
Southern Min	Xiamen	電油, 番仔油, 番油
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	電油
	Quanzhou	電油, 番仔油, 番油
	Zhangzhou	電油, 番仔油, 番油
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	電油
	Taipei	ga-só͘-lín, 汽油
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	ga-só͘-lín, 汽油
	Kaohsiung	ga-só͘-lín, 汽油
	Yilan	ga-só͘-lín, 汽油
	Changhua (Lukang)	ga-só͘-lín, 汽油
	Taichung	汽油, ga-só͘-lín
	Tainan	ga-só͘-lín, 汽油
	Hsinchu	水油, ga-só͘-lín
	Kinmen	汽油
	Penghu (Magong)	汽油
	Penang (Hokkien)	車油, 電油
	Singapore (Hokkien)	電油
	Manila (Hokkien)	車油, 汽油
	Guilin (Biyange)	汽油
	Chaozhou	電油
	Haikou	電油
Puxian Min	Putian	汽油, 便升
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	汽油
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	汽油, 便升
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	汽油
	Xianyou	汽油
	Xianyou (Fengting)	汽油
	Xianyou (Youyang)	汽油
Central Min	Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping)	汽油
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	電油
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	汽油
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dongbianzhou)	汽油
	Guilin (Wutong, Lingui)	汽油
	Guilin (Liutang, Lingui)	汽油
Waxiang	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	汽油
	Luxi (Liangjiatan)	汽油
	Luxi (Lijiatian)	汽油
	Chengbu (Xuntou)	汽油
Wu	Shanghai	汽油, 隑斯林
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	汽油, 隑斯林
	Shanghai (Chongming)	隑斯林
	Suzhou	汽油, 隑斯林
	Danyang	汽油
	Hangzhou	汽油, 隑斯林
	Ningbo	汽油
	Wenzhou	汽油, 隑斯林
	Jinhua	汽油
Xiang	Changsha	汽油, 石油 dated
	Loudi	汽油
	Shuangfeng	汽油
	Hengyang	汽油
	Hengshan	汽油
	Hengshan (Baiguo)	汽油

Derived terms

• 合成石油
• 液化石油氣 / 液化石油气 (yèhuà shíyóuqì)
• 石化 (shíhuà)
• 石油化學工業 / 石油化学工业
• 石油危機 / 石油危机
• 石油氣 / 石油气 (shíyóuqì)
• 石油腦 / 石油脑
• 石油蕉
• 石油輸出國家組織 / 石油输出国家组织 (Shíyóu Shūchū Guójiā Zǔzhī)
• 石油輸出國組織 / 石油输出国组织 (Shíyóu Shūchūguó Zǔzhī)
• 石油醚 (shíyóumí)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (石油):

• → Japanese: 石(せき)油(ゆ) (sekiyu)
• → Korean: 석유(石油) (seogyu)

• Xibe: ᡧᡞᡞᡠ

Japanese

Kanji in this term
石	油
せき Grade: 1	ゆ Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [se̞kʲijɯ̟]
• (Tokyo) せきゆ [sèkíyú] (Heiban – [0])

Noun

石(せき)油(ゆ) • (sekiyu) 

1. oil, petroleum
2. kerosene

Synonyms

• 原油(げんゆ) (gen'yu, “crude oil”)

Related terms

• 灯油(とうゆ) (tōyu, “kerosene”)

References

• “石油”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
• Ineko Kondō, Fumi Takano, Mary E. Althaus, et al. (2002), Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, third edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
石	油

Noun

石油 • (seogyu) (hangeul 석유)

1. hanja form^? of 석유 (“petroleum”)