糖

See also: 醣

Translingual

Han character

糖 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 火木戈中口 (FDILR), four-corner 9096₇, composition ⿰米唐)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 911, character 38
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27070
• Dae Jaweon: page 1338, character 29
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3157, character 7
• Unihan data for U+7CD6

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Chinese

trad.		糖/醣
simp.		糖
alternative forms		⿰米广 second round simplified
醣 - “saccharide”

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 糖
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (庚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
唐	*ɡl'aːŋ
煻	*l'aːŋ
糖	*l'aːŋ
搪	*l'aːŋ
蓎	*l'aːŋ
瑭	*l'aːŋ
餹	*l'aːŋ
篖	*l'aːŋ
螗	*l'aːŋ
塘	*l'aːŋ
鶶	*l'aːŋ
赯	*l'aːŋ
磄	*l'aːŋ
溏	*l'aːŋ
傏	*l'aːŋ
鎕	*l'aːŋ
榶	*l'aːŋ
嵣	*l'aːŋʔ, *l'aːŋs
庚	*kraːŋ
賡	*kraːŋ
鹒	*kraːŋ
康	*kʰlaːŋ
穅	*kʰlaːŋ
糠	*kʰlaːŋ
槺	*kʰlaːŋ
漮	*kʰlaːŋ
躿	*kʰlaːŋ
慷	*kʰlaːŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːŋ) : semantic 米 (“rice”) + phonetic 唐 (OC *ɡl'aːŋ).

Etymology

Original meaning was “sweet rice cake” or “sugar syrup”. Cognate with 餳 (OC *ljaːŋ).

Compare Proto-Lingao lhaŋ² ("sugar"), whence Lincheng /haŋ˧˧/, Qiongshan /liaŋ˩˧/.

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 糖

1. sugar

   糖尿病  ―  tángniàobìng  ―  diabetes

   糖水 [Cantonese]  ―  tong⁴ seoi² [Jyutping]  ―  sugar water

2. candy; sweets

   棒棒糖  ―  bàngbàngtáng  ―  lollipop

   糖食得多冇益。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   tong^4-2 sik⁶ dak¹ do¹ mou⁵ jik¹. [Jyutping]

   Eating too much candy is unhealthy.

3. (organic chemistry) saccharide; carbohydrate

   多糖  ―  duōtáng  ―  polysaccharide

4. ^† to preserve food in alcohol or alcohol dregs

   • 蟹之將糖，躁擾彌甚。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     蟹之将糖，躁扰弥甚。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Xiao Zixian, Book of Qi

     Xiè zhī jiāng táng, zàorǎo mí shèn. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

5. (transgender slang) HRT (hormone replacement therapy) drugs, espcially pills

   吃糖  ―  chītáng  ―  to undergo HRT

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 糖果 (“candy; sweets”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		糖果
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	糖果兒
	Taiwan	糖果
	Singapore	糖, 糖果
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	花糖
Central Plains Mandarin	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	糖
Southwestern Mandarin	Nanning (Wuming)	糖, 糖果
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	糖果
Cantonese	Guangzhou	糖
	Hong Kong	糖
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	麻糖
	Taishan	磨糖
	Kaiping (Chikan)	麻糖
	Dongguan	麻糖
	Yangjiang	糖仔
	Beihai	糖膠
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	糖膠
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	糖膠
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	糖膠
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	糖仔
	Móng Cái	糖膠
Hakka	Meixian	糖仔, 糖果
	Yudu	糖子, 糖
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	糖仔, 甘糖
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	糖仔, 甘糖
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	糖仔, 甘糖
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	糖, 甘糖
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	糖仔, 甘糖
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	糖, 甘糖
	Hong Kong	麻糖, 糖仔
Huizhou	Jixi	糖
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	糖
	Matsu	金含
Southern Min	Xiamen	糖仔
	Quanzhou	糖仔
	Taipei (Wanhua)	糖仔
	Kaohsiung	糖仔
	Yilan	糖仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	糖仔
	Taichung	糖仔
	Taichung (Wuqi)	糖仔
	Tainan	糖仔
	Taitung	糖仔
	Hsinchu	糖仔
	Penghu (Magong)	金含仔
	Penang (Hokkien)	紅毛糖
	Singapore (Hokkien)	紅毛糖
	Manila (Hokkien)	糖仔
	Longyan	糖仔
	Chaozhou	糖果
	Shantou	糖果
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	金含
	Jieyang	金含, 糖
	Singapore (Teochew)	紅毛糖, 糖
	Leizhou	糖糕, 糖囝
	Haikou	糖囝
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	麻糖
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	糖
Wu	Suzhou	糖
	Hangzhou	糖
	Wenzhou	糖兒
	Jinhua	紙包糖
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	桔桔糖
Xiang	Changsha	糖粒子

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

糖

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: どう (dō)
• Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)
• Kun: あめ (ame, 糖); さとう (satō)

Compounds

Compounds

• 果(か)糖(とう) (katō): fructose
• 血(けっ)糖(とう) (kettō): blood sugar
• 砂(さ)糖(とう) (satō): sugar
• 蔗(しょ)糖(とう) (shotō): sucrose
• 西(すい)瓜(か)糖(とう) (suikatō): watermelon sugar, sugar made by concentrating watermelon juice
• 糖(とう)衣(い) (tōi)
• 糖(とう)化(か) (tōka): saccharification
• 糖(とう)原(げん) (tōgen): glycogen
• 糖(とう)尿(にょう)病(びょう) (tōnyōbyō)
• 糖(とう)分(ぶん) (tōbun)
• 糖(とう)類(るい) (tōrui)
• 乳(にゅう)糖(とう) (nyūtō): lactose
• 麦(ばく)芽(が)糖(とう) (bakugatō): maltose
• 楓(ふう)糖(とう) (fūtō): maple sugar
• 葡(ぶ)萄(どう)糖(とう) (budōtō): glucose

Kanji in this term
糖
とう Grade: 6
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 糖 (dang, “sugar”).

Noun

糖(とう) • (tō) ^{←たう (tau)?}

1. sugar

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Korean

Hanja

糖 • (dang, tang) (hangeul 당, 탕)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 설탕 (雪糖, seoltang)
• 사탕 (砂糖, satang)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 糖 (đường)

1. sugar