酢

See also: 醋

酢 U+9162, 酢 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9162 ← 酡 [U+9161] CJK Unified Ideographs 酣 → [U+9163]

Translingual

Han character

酢 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+5, 12 strokes, Cangjie input 一田人尸 (MWOS), four-corner 1861₁, composition ⿰酉乍)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1282, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39824
• Dae Jaweon: page 1781, character 43
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3578, character 9
• Unihan data for U+9162

Chinese

trad.		酢
simp. #		酢

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 酢
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (乍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
作	*ʔsaːɡs, *ʔsaːɡs, *ʔsaːɡ
鮓	*ʔsraːʔ
痄	*ʔsraːʔ
厏	*ʔsraːʔ, *zraːʔ
詐	*ʔsraːɡs
咋	*ʔsraːɡs, *zraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ
笮	*ʔsraːɡs, *zaːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
榨	*ʔsraːɡs
炸	*ʔr'aːɡs, *zreːb
乍	*zraːɡs
拃	*ʔsraːnʔ
酢	*sʰaːɡs, *zaːɡ
祚	*zaːɡs
胙	*zaːɡs
阼	*zaːɡs
飵	*zaːɡs, *zaːɡ
秨	*zaːɡs, *zaːɡ
迮	*ʔsaːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
柞	*ʔsaːɡ, *zaːɡ
昨	*zaːɡ
怍	*zaːɡ
砟	*zaːɡ
莋	*zaːɡ
岝	*zaːɡ, *zraːɡ
鈼	*zaːɡ
筰	*zaːɡ
葃	*zaːɡ, *zreːɡ, *zaɡ
舴	*ʔr'aːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
窄	*ʔsraːɡ
蚱	*ʔsraːɡ
齚	*zraːɡ
泎	*zraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰaːɡs, *zaːɡ): semantic 酉 (“wine vessel”) + phonetic 乍 (OC *zraːɡs). It conveys the meaning of "vinegar."

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zuò (zuo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zok⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zuò
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zuò
    • Wade–Giles: tso⁴
    • Yale: dzwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuoh
    • Palladius: цзо (czo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zok⁶
    • Yale: johk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zog⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːk̚²/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzak

Rime
Character	酢
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	在各切
Baxter	dzak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zak̚/
Li Rong	/d͡zɑk̚/
Wang Li	/d͡zɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zuó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zok6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*zaːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	酢
Reading #	2/2
No.	16667
Phonetic component	乍
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	昨
Old Chinese	/*zaːɡ/

Definitions

酢

1. guest toast back to host

Compounds

• 一酬一酢
• 酬酢 (chóuzuò)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cù (cu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cou³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ
• Eastern Min (BUC): chó
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhò͘
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tshu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cù
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cù
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻu⁴
    • Yale: tsù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuh
    • Palladius: цу (cu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cou³
    • Yale: chou
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsou³
    • Guangdong Romanization: cou³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰou̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ
    • Hakka Romanization System: cii
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ci⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chó
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰou²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhò͘
    • Tâi-lô: tshòo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhox
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰɔ²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɔ⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɔ²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰɔ¹¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɔ²¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tshu
    • MiniDict: tshu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tshu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰu³⁴/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰaːɡs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	酢
Reading #	1/2
No.	16654
Phonetic component	乍
Rime group	暮
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	厝
Old Chinese	/*sʰaːɡs/
Notes	醋字注：説文作酢

Definitions

酢

1. alternative form of 醋 (“vinegar”)

Compounds

• 梅酢
• 酢敗 / 酢败
• 酢漿草 / 酢浆草 (cùjiāngcǎo)
• 黑酢

Japanese

Kanji

酢

(Jōyō kanji)

1. vinegar

Readings

From Middle Chinese 酢 (MC tshuH); compare Mandarin 酢 (cù):

• Go-on: す (su)
• Kan-on: そ (so)
• Kan’yō-on: さく (saku, Jōyō)

From Middle Chinese 酢 (MC dzak); compare Mandarin 酢 (zuò):

• Go-on: ざく (zaku)
• Kan-on: さく (saku, Jōyō)

From native Japanese roots:

• Kun: す (su, 酢, Jōyō)、すい (sui, 酢い)、むくいる (mukuiru, 酢いる)
• Nanori: す (su)

Compounds

• 酢(さく)酸(さん) (sakusan, “acetic acid”)

Definitions

Kanji in this term
酢
す Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 酢 – see the following entry.

【す】 [noun] 酢, 醋, 酸: vinegar (condiment) Alternative spellings 醋, 酸

(This term, 酢, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

• “酢”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean 초 (Yale: chó) in Gugeupgan'ibang (救急簡易方 / 구급간이방), 1448.

酢 • (cho, jak) (hangeul 초, 작, revised cho, jak, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, chak, Yale cho, cak)

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Vietnamese

Han character

酢: Hán Nôm readings: tạc, thố

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