乘
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Translingual
[edit]Japanese | 乗 |
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Simplified | 乘 |
Traditional | 乘 |
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]乘 (Kangxi radical 4, 丿+9, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹木中心 (HDLP), four-corner 20901, composition ⿻禾北 or ⿻乖人)
Derived characters
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- (chiefly Japanese): 乗
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 83, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 154
- Dae Jaweon: page 166, character 40
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 40, character 1
- Unihan data for U+4E58
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 乘 | |
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simp. # | 乘 | |
alternative forms | 乗 椉/乘 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 乘 | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Pictogram (象形) – a person 大 climbing a tree 木, with the feet visible. Etymology clearer in alternative form 椉. In this form, simplified to 禾 (“tree and top”) + 北 (“feet”).
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sing4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̀n
- Eastern Min (BUC): sìng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tshen; 6zen
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chéng
- Wade–Giles: chʻêng2
- Yale: chéng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherng
- Palladius: чэн (čɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sing4
- Yale: sìhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: sing4
- Guangdong Romanization: xing4
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɪŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̀n
- Hakka Romanization System: siinˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sin2
- Sinological IPA: /sɨn¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sìng
- Sinological IPA (key): /siŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Note:
- 2tshen - vernacular;
- 3zen - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 乘 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ³⁵/ |
Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴/ ~法 /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁵³/ ~車 | |
Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁴⁵/ /t͡sʰəŋ⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /tʃʰəŋ⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴/ | |
Xining | /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃n⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡sʰən²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /sən³¹/ /t͡sʰən³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡sʰen²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰən²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰəŋ¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡sʰə̃ŋ³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /zəŋ²³/ |
Suzhou | /zən¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /d͡zen²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /zeŋ³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰiɛ⁴⁴/ /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ʂən¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /ʂən¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /sɨn⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /sən¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /ʃen⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /seŋ²¹/ |
Nanning | /seŋ²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /siŋ²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /siŋ³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /siŋ⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sʰeiŋ²¹/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /seŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /seŋ³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: zying
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.ləŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljɯŋ/
Definitions
[edit]乘
- (literary) to ascend; to go up
- (literary) to drive (a horse, cart, etc.)
- to take (a form of transport)
- to make use of; to take advantage of
- (literary) to pursue; to attack
- (arithmetic) to multiply
- a surname
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “to multiply”): 除 (chú)
Compounds
[edit]- 三乘比
- 乘亂/乘乱
- 乘亂坐大/乘乱坐大
- 乘人不備/乘人不备
- 乘人之危 (chéngrénzhīwēi)
- 乘人之厄
- 乘便 (chéngbiàn)
- 乘偽行詐/乘伪行诈
- 乘傳/乘传
- 乘其不備/乘其不备
- 乘其不意
- 乘冪/乘幂 (chéngmì)
- 乘凶完配
- 乘務員/乘务员 (chéngwùyuán)
- 乘勝追擊/乘胜追击 (chéngshèngzhuījī)
- 乘勝逐北/乘胜逐北
- 乘勢/乘势 (chéngshì)
- 乘化
- 乘危
- 乘員/乘员 (chéngyuán)
- 乘坐 (chéngzuò)
- 乘堅策肥/乘坚策肥
- 乘堅驅良/乘坚驱良
- 乘夜 (chéngyè)
- 乘奔御風/乘奔御风
- 乘客 (chéngkè)
- 乘搭 (chéngdā)
- 乘數/乘数 (chéngshù)
- 乘方 (chéngfāng)
- 乘時/乘时 (chéngshí)
- 乘月 (chéngyuè)
- 乘桴
- 乘槎
- 乘機/乘机 (chéngjī)
- 乘機坐大/乘机坐大
- 乘機應變/乘机应变
- 乘法 (chéngfǎ)
- 乘流
- 乘涼/乘凉 (chéngliáng)
- 乘火打劫 (chénghuǒdǎjié)
- 乘田
- 乘積/乘积 (chéngjī)
- 乘空
- 乘肩
- 乘肥衣輕/乘肥衣轻
- 乘興/乘兴 (chéngxìng)
- 乘興而來/乘兴而来
- 乘船 (chéngchuán)
- 乘虛/乘虚 (chéngxū)
- 乘虛而入/乘虚而入 (chéngxū'érrù)
- 乘號/乘号 (chénghào)
- 乘車/乘车 (chéngchē)
- 乘車戴笠/乘车戴笠
- 乘軒/乘轩
- 乘軒鶴/乘轩鹤
- 乘輕驅肥/乘轻驱肥
- 乘輿/乘舆
- 乘輿播越/乘舆播越
- 乘輿播遷/乘舆播迁
- 乘酒
- 乘間/乘间 (chéngjiàn)
- 乘間投隙/乘间投隙
- 乘除 (chéngchú)
- 乘隙 (chéngxì)
- 乘隙而入 (chéngxì'érrù)
- 乘雲/乘云 (chéngyún)
- 乘風破浪/乘风破浪 (chéngfēngpòlàng)
- 乘鶴/乘鹤
- 乘鶴駕雲/乘鹤驾云
- 乘鸞跨鳳/乘鸾跨凤
- 乘黃/乘黄
- 乘龍/乘龙 (chénglóng)
- 乘龍佳婿/乘龙佳婿 (chénglóngjiāxù)
- 乘龍快婿/乘龙快婿 (chénglóng kuàixù)
- 伍員乘潮/伍员乘潮
- 共乘 (gòngchéng)
- 出乘
- 加減乘除/加减乘除 (jiājiǎn chéngchú)
- 可乘之機/可乘之机 (kěchéngzhījī)
- 可乘之隙
- 因利乘便 (yīnlìchéngbiàn)
- 搭乘 (dāchéng)
- 摶柱乘梁
- 有機可乘/有机可乘 (yǒujīkěchéng)
- 有隙可乘 (yǒuxìkěchéng)
- 服冕乘軒/服冕乘轩
- 無勢可乘/无势可乘
- 無機可乘/无机可乘
- 無隙可乘/无隙可乘 (wúxìkěchéng)
- 琴高乘鯉/琴高乘鲤
- 盛衰相乘
- 竊幸乘寵/窃幸乘宠
- 老鶴乘軒/老鹤乘轩
- 自乘 (zìchéng)
- 被乘數/被乘数 (bèichéngshù)
- 變亂紛乘/变乱纷乘
- 貨幣乘數/货币乘数
- 超乘
- 跨鳳乘鸞/跨凤乘鸾
- 跨鳳乘龍/跨凤乘龙
- 迭乘
- 陪乘
- 階乘/阶乘 (jiēchéng)
- 飛蓬乘風/飞蓬乘风
- 飛龍乘雲/飞龙乘云
- 騎乘/骑乘 (qíchéng)
- 鶴乘軒/鹤乘轩
- 黃帝乘龍/黄帝乘龙
Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sing6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳn
- Eastern Min (BUC): sêng
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shèng
- Wade–Giles: shêng4
- Yale: shèng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenq
- Palladius: шэн (šɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chéng
- Wade–Giles: chʻêng2
- Yale: chéng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherng
- Palladius: чэн (čɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Note: chéng - Mainland standard for the Buddhism sense.
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sing6
- Yale: sihng
- Cantonese Pinyin: sing6
- Guangdong Romanization: xing6
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɪŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳn
- Hakka Romanization System: siin
- Hagfa Pinyim: sin4
- Sinological IPA: /sɨn⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sêng
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɛiŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: zyingH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.ləŋ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljɯŋs/
Definitions
[edit]乘
- (literary) war chariot drawn by four horses; (imperial) carriage
- (literary) Classifier for carriages drawn by four horses.
- (literary) history book
- 史乘 ― shǐshèng ― historical records
- (Buddhism) vehicle; creed; yana
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- “乘”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]乗 | |
乘 |
Kanji
[edit]乘
(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 乗)
Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- to mount, to ride
- to take (a form of transport)
- (arithmetic) exponent
References
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]乘: Hán Nôm readings: thừa, thặng, thắng
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
References
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