違

See also: 违

違 U+9055, 違 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9055 ← 達 [U+9054] CJK Unified Ideographs 遖 → [U+9056]

Translingual

Han character

違 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+9, 13 strokes in traditional Chinese and Japanese, 12 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 卜木一手 (YDMQ), four-corner 3430₄, composition ⿰辶韋)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1262, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39067
• Dae Jaweon: page 1756, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3868, character 4
• Unihan data for U+9055

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Chinese

trad.		違
simp.		违

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (韋) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
禕	*qral
郼	*qʷɯl
褘	*qʰʷɯl
諱	*qʰʷɯls
媁	*qʷɯl, *ɢʷɯlʔ
幃	*ɢʷɯl
違	*ɢʷɯl
圍	*ɢʷɯl, *ɢʷɯls
韋	*ɢʷɯl
闈	*ɢʷɯl
湋	*ɢʷɯl
鍏	*ɢʷɯl, *ɢʷɯlʔ
潿	*ɢɯl
韙	*ɢʷɯlʔ
煒	*ɢʷɯlʔ
暐	*ɢʷɯlʔ
偉	*ɢʷɯlʔ
瑋	*ɢʷɯlʔ
葦	*ɢʷɯlʔ
椲	*ɢʷɯlʔ
韡	*ɢʷɯlʔ
愇	*ɢʷɯlʔ
緯	*ɢʷɯls

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷɯl) : semantic 辶 + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): wéi (wei²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wei²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wai⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ûi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ui⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wéi
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wéi
    • Wade–Giles: wei²
    • Yale: wéi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wei
    • Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: wei²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uei²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: wai⁴
    • Yale: wàih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wai⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: wei⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûi
    • Tâi-lô: uî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: uii
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ui²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ui²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ui¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ui²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ui⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ûi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: hjw+j

Rime
Character	違
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	微 (21)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	雨非切
Baxter	hjw+j
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʉi/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɨi/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuəi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuj/
Li Rong	/ɣiuəi/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwəi/
Bernard Karlgren	/we̯i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wéi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wai4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə[j]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	違
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wéi
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwɨj ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə[j]/
English	go against
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	違
Reading #	1/1
No.	12815
Phonetic component	韋
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	幃
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯl/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 違

1. to disobey, to violate

   違規／违规  ―  wéiguī  ―  to violate regulations

   • 孝子之養老也，樂其心不違其志。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     孝子之养老也，乐其心不违其志。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Xiàozǐ zhī yǎnglǎo yě, lè qí xīn bù wéi qí zhì. [Pinyin]

     A filial son, in nourishing his aged, (seeks to) make their hearts glad, and not to go against their wishes.

2. ^† to leave; to depart; to go away from

   • 何斯違斯，莫敢遑息？ [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     何斯违斯，莫敢遑息？ [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Hé sī wéi sī, mò gǎn huáng xī? [Pinyin]

     How was it he went away from this, not daring to take a little rest?

3. ^† to be separated by (a distance of); to be apart by
4. ^† to dodge; to avoid

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Japanese

Shinjitai	違
Kyūjitai	違󠄂 違+󠄂? (Adobe-Japan1)
	違󠄅 違+󠄅? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
	違󠄄 違+󠄄? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

違

(Jōyō kanji)

1. to differ, to vary
2. to be incorrect, to make a mistake
3. to run counter to, to go against, to defy

Readings

• Go-on: い (i, Jōyō)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
• Kan-on: い (i, Jōyō)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
• Kun: ちがう (chigau, 違う, Jōyō)、ちがえる (chigaeru, 違える, Jōyō)、たがう (tagau, 違う)、よこしま (yokoshima, 違)

Compounds

Compounds

• 勘(かん)違(ちが)い (kanchigai)
• 筋(す)違(じか)い, 筋(す)違(じかい) (sujikai)
• 方(かた)違(たが)い (katatagai)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
違
い Grade: S
on'yomi

/wi/ → /i/

From Middle Chinese 違 (MC hjw+j).

Affix

違(い) • (i) ^{←ゐ (wi)?}

1. differ; vary
2. go against; run counter to; disobey

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 違(い)令(れい) (irei)
• 違(い)例(れい) (irei)
• 違(い)反(はん) (ihan)
• 違(い)和(わ)感(かん) (iwakan)
• 違(い)失(しつ) (ishitsu)
• 違(い)憲(けん) (iken)
• 違(い)法(ほう) (ihō)
• 違(い)犯(はん) (ihan)
• 違(い)算(さん) (isan)
• 違(い)約(やく) (iyaku)
• 違(い)背(はい) (ihai)
• 相(そう)違(い) (sōi)
• 非(ひ)違(い) (hī)

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Korean

Hanja

違 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

違: Hán Nôm readings: vi

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.