円
![]() | ||||||||
|
Translingual
[edit]Stroke order (Japan) | |||
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Traditional | 圓 |
---|---|
Shinjitai | 円 |
Simplified | 圆 |
Han character
[edit]円 (Kangxi radical 13, 冂+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 月卜 (BY) or 月中一 (BLM), composition ⿵冂丄 or ⿵冂亠)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 128, character 35
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1513
- Dae Jaweon: page 289, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 96, character 18
- Unihan data for U+5186
Chinese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 円 – see 圓 (“circle; circular; round; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 圓). |
Etymology 2
[edit]simp. and trad. |
円 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | yen Cantonese |
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 円 (en).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yuán
- Wade–Giles: yüan2
- Yale: ywán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuan
- Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɥɛn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖˋ ㄩㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: rìhyuán
- Wade–Giles: jih4-yüan2
- Yale: r̀-ywán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ryhyuan
- Palladius: жиюань (žijuanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐ̩⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jen1
- Cantonese Pinyin: jen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛːn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]円
Synonyms
[edit]Japanese
[edit]円 | |
圓 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Japanese simplification of 圓, via a simplified character similar to 𠮚.[1]
Specifically, starting in the beginning of the Meiji period, the 員 in the middle of the character was abbreviated to 丨 in handwriting. As time went on, the bottom stroke of 囗 gradually rose, until by the time of the adoption of the shinjitai characters, it had reached or even surpassed the box's centre.
Kanji
[edit](First grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 圓)
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: えん (en, Jōyō)←ゑん (wen, historical)
- Kan-on: えん (en, Jōyō)←ゑん (wen, historical)
- Kun: つぶら (tsubura, 円ら); つぶらか (tsuburaka, 円らか); まと (mato); まどか (madoka, 円か); まどやか (madoyaka, 円やか); まる (maru, 円); まるい (marui, 円い, Jōyō); まるめる (marumeru, 円める); まろ (maro, 円); まろい (maroi, 円い); まろかす (marokasu, 円かす); まろかる (marokaru, 円かる); まろぐ (marogu, 円ぐ); まろむ (maromu, 円む); まろめる (maromeru, 円める); まろやか (maroyaka, 円やか); まろらか (maroraka, 円らか)
- Nanori: つぶら (tsubura); のぶ (nobu); まどか (madoka); みつ (mitsu)
Compounds
[edit]- 円居 (madoi)
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
円 |
えん Grade: 1 |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
圓 (kyūjitai) |
/wen/ → /eɴ/
From Middle Chinese 圓 (MC zjwen|hjwen), with the original sense of "circle, roundness".
The yen sense came much later in the Meiji period, from Chinese 圓/圆 (yuán), itself from 銀圓/银圆 (yínyuán, “round silver object(s), especially a piece of eight”). Compare Chinese 元 (yuán, “yuan”) and Korean 원 (won, “Korean won”). Doublet of 元 (gen, “yuan (Chinese currency)”), ユアン (yuan, “yuan (Chinese currency)”), and ウォン (won, “won (Korean currency)”).
The yen became the official currency of Japan in 1871, succeeding the 両 (ryō) and the 文 (mon).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- a round or circular object; a circle; roundness
- (mathematics) circle (set of all points in plane at a given distance and at a given point)
- Synonym: 円周 (enshū)
- yen
- 1989 November 10 [1988 May 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “ミニチュア製造カメラ [Miniature-Generating Camera]”, in 征地球論 [A Debate over Conquering Earth] (藤子・F・不二雄 SF全短編; 3), 2nd edition, volume 3 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第二章, page 322:
- 一億円⁉いらん帰れ
- Ichioku-en⁉ Iran kaere
- 100 million yen!? Get outta here!
- Issenman-en de ii Hyakuman-en! Jūman-en! Ichiman-en!
- Okay, 10 million yen then. 1 million! 100,000! 10,000!
- 一億円⁉いらん帰れ
Derived terms
[edit]- (circle):
- (yen):
Descendants
[edit]- → Chinese: 円
- → English: yen
- → Vietnamese: yên
- → French: yen
- → German: Yen
- → Greek: γιεν (gien)
- → Korean: 엔 (en)
- → Portuguese: iene
- → Russian: иена (ijena)
- → Thai: เยน (yeen)
See also
[edit]Affix
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- 円運動 (en undō, “circular motion”)
- 円蓋 (engai, “dome”)
- 円滑 (enkatsu)
- 円罐 (enkama)
- 円環 (enkan)
- 円規 (enki, “compass (drawing tool)”)
- 円丘 (enkyū)
- 円鏡 (enkyō)
- 円形 (enkei)
- 円弧 (enko)
- 円光 (enkō)
- 円寂 (enjaku)
- 円周 (enshū, “circle”)
- 円熟 (enjuku)
- 円心 (enshin)
- 円陣 (enjin)
- 円錐 (ensui)
- 円窓 (ensō)
- 円卓 (entaku)
- 円柱 (enchū)
- 円虫類 (enchūrui)
- 円頂 (enchō)
- 円転 (enten)
- 円筒 (entō)
- 円盤 (enban)
- 円舞 (enbu)
- 円墳 (enpun)
- 円偏光 (en henkō)
- 円本 (Enpon)
- 円満 (enman)
- 円顱 (enro)
- 一円 (ichien)
- 団円 (dan'en)
- 楕円, 橢円 (daen), 長円 (chōen, “oval, ellipse”)
- 方円 (hōen)
- 遊動円木 (yūdōenboku)
- 卵円孔 (ran'enkō)
Proper noun
[edit]- a surname
- a female given name
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
円 |
まろ Grade: 1 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
圓 (kyūjitai) |
⟨maro2⟩ → /maro/
From Old Japanese.
Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
円 |
まる Grade: 1 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
圓 (kyūjitai) |
/maro/ → /maru/
Sound shift from maro above.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Prefix
[edit]- Alternative spelling of 丸: prefix to numbers remaining constant
- Alternative spelling of 丸: prefix to noun to mean an object is completely in that noun
Proper noun
[edit]- a unisex given name
Etymology 4
[edit]Various nanori readings.
Proper noun
[edit]円 or 円 or 円 or 円 or 円 or 円 • (Nodoka or Tsubura or Madoka or Maroka or Mitsu or Meguru)
- a female given name
Proper noun
[edit]円 or 円 or 円 • (Tsubura or Madoka or Matome)
- a surname
Proper noun
[edit]- a unisex given name
References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term |
---|
円 |
Hanja
[edit]円 (eum 엔 (en))
Usage notes
[edit]This is the only character whose pronunciation is from modern Japanese, not from Classical Chinese.
References
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
- Character boxes with images
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Beginning Mandarin
- zh:Currency
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Sichuanese hanzi
- Dungan hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Taishanese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Sichuanese adjectives
- Dungan adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Taishanese adjectives
- Gan adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Jin adjectives
- Northern Min adjectives
- Eastern Min adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Wu adjectives
- Xiang adjectives
- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Old Chinese adjectives
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Dungan nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Sichuanese verbs
- Dungan verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Taishanese verbs
- Gan verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Jin verbs
- Northern Min verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Xiang verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese classifiers
- Mandarin classifiers
- Sichuanese classifiers
- Dungan classifiers
- Cantonese classifiers
- Taishanese classifiers
- Gan classifiers
- Hakka classifiers
- Jin classifiers
- Northern Min classifiers
- Eastern Min classifiers
- Hokkien classifiers
- Teochew classifiers
- Wu classifiers
- Xiang classifiers
- Middle Chinese classifiers
- Old Chinese classifiers
- Chinese terms spelled with 円
- Chinese variant forms
- Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese
- Chinese terms derived from Japanese
- Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations
- Cantonese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Cantonese terms derived from Japanese
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese first grade kanji
- Japanese kyōiku kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading えん
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading ゑん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading えん
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading ゑん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つぶ・ら
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つぶ・らか
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まと
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まど・か
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まど・やか
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まる・い
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まる・める
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まろ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まろ・い
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まろ・かす
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まろ・かる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まろ・ぐ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まろ・む
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まろ・める
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まろ・やか
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まろ・らか
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading つぶら
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading のぶ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading まどか
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading みつ
- Japanese terms spelled with 円 read as えん
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms borrowed from Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Chinese
- Japanese doublets
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms historically spelled with ゑ
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 円
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- ja:Mathematics
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese affixes
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese surnames
- Japanese given names
- Japanese female given names
- Japanese terms spelled with 円 read as まろ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- Japanese terms spelled with 円 read as まる
- Japanese prefixes
- Japanese male given names
- Japanese unisex given names
- ja:Currencies
- ja:Japan
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters