mast
English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: mäst, IPA(key): /mɑːst/
- (US, Canada, Northern England) IPA(key): /mæst/
- Homophone: massed (/mæst/)
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -ɑːst, -æst
- Rhymes: -æst
Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English mast, from Old English mæst (“mast”), from Proto-West Germanic *mast, from Proto-Germanic *mastaz (“mast, sail-pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *mazdos (“pole, mast”). Cognate with Dutch mast, German Mast, and via Indo-European with Latin mālus, Russian мо́ст (móst, “bridge”), Irish adhmad.
Noun
[edit]mast (plural masts)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Grand_Turk%2803%29.jpg/220px-Grand_Turk%2803%29.jpg)
- (nautical, communication, aviation) A tall, slim post or tower, usually tapering upward, used to support, for example, sails or observation platforms on a ship, the main rotor of a helicopter, flags, floodlights, meteorological instruments, or communications equipment, such as an aerial, usually supported by guy-wires (except in the case of a helicopter). [from 9th c.]
- (naval) A non-judicial punishment ("NJP"); a disciplinary hearing under which a commanding officer studies and disposes of cases involving those under his command. [from 17th c.]
Hyponyms
[edit](tall, slim post on a ship):
- cage mast
- foremast
- lattice mast
- mainmast
- military mast
- mizzenmast
- pagoda mast
- pole mast
- topmast
- tripod mast
Derived terms
[edit]- admiral's mast
- before the mast
- captain's mast
- flag mast
- foremast
- half-mast
- jiggermast
- jury mast
- lash oneself to the mast
- mainmast
- mast bumping
- mast-cell
- mast climbing
- mast coat
- mast foot
- masthead
- mastless
- mast step
- meritorious mast
- mizzen-mast
- nail one's colors to the mast
- nail one's colours to the mast
- royal mast
- spankermast
- tie oneself to the mast
Translations
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Verb
[edit]mast (third-person singular simple present masts, present participle masting, simple past and past participle masted)
- To supply and fit a mast to (a ship). [from 16th c.]
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
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See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Old English mæst (“fallen nuts, food for swine”) and mæstan (“to fatten”), from West Germanic; probably related to meat.
Noun
[edit]mast (countable and uncountable, plural masts)
- The fruit of forest-trees (beech, oak, chestnut, pecan, etc.), especially if having fallen from the tree, used as fodder for pigs and other animals. [from 10th c.]
- c. 1609, George Chapman, Homer, Prince of Poets [translation of Odyssey]:
- She shut them straight in sties, and gave them meat: / Oak-mast, and beech, and cornel fruit, they eat,
- 1697, Virgil, “The Second Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 93, lines 755–756:
- The Winter comes, and then the falling Maſt, / For greedy Swine, provides a full repaſt.
- 1715, Robert South, “A Sermon on Proverbs i. 32.”, in Twelve Sermons Preached at Several Times, and upon Several Occasions, volume IV, London: […] G. James, for Jonah Bowyer […], →OCLC, pages 73–74:
- [T]hey feed and grovel like Swine under an Oak, filling themſelves with the Maſt, but never ſo much as looking up, either to the Bows that bore, or the Hands that ſhook it down.
- 1955, Robin Jenkins, The Cone-Gatherers, Canongate, published 2012, page 162:
- He […] would begin to pick up the seed-cases or mast, squeeze each one with his fingers to see if it were fertile, and drop it if it were not.
- c. 1609, George Chapman, Homer, Prince of Poets [translation of Odyssey]:
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]Verb
[edit]mast (third-person singular simple present masts, present participle masting, simple past and past participle masted)
- (of swine and other animals) To feed on forest seed or fruit.
- (agriculture, forestry, ecology, of a population of plants) To produce a very large quantity of fruit or seed in certain years but not others.
- 1985, Michael Fenner, Seed ecology[1], page 33:
- Any individual tree which masted in a generally non-mast year would be subjected to the exclusive attention of the seed predators and so would be selected against.
- 2004, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Christian Körner, Ernst-Detlef Schulze, Forest Diversity and Function: Temperate and Boreal Systems[2], page 28:
- However, if this were true, all or most masting species (e.g., Fagus and Quercus) in a forest would have to mast in synchrony to be effective against generalist herbivores.
- 2008, Chris Rowthorn, Muhammad Cohen, China Williams, Borneo[3], page 50:
- Because dipterocarp seeds are winged and spin gracefully as they fall, the dispersal of millions of dipterocarp seeds during a masting event is one of the greatest spectacles that you can see on planet Earth.
Etymology 3
[edit]Noun
[edit]mast (uncountable)
- (bodybuilding slang) The anabolic steroid drostanolone propionate, also known as Masteron
Etymology 4
[edit]From French masse, with -t probably after Etymology 1, above.
Noun
[edit]mast (plural masts)
- (obsolete, billiards) A type of heavy cue, with the broad end of which one strikes the ball. [18th–19th c.]
- 1751, [Tobias] Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: Harrison and Co., […], →OCLC:
- Godfrey thus conquered, pretended to lose his temper, curs'd his own ill luck, swore that the table had a cast, and that the balls did not run true, changed his mast, and with great warmth challenged his enemy to double his sum.
Related terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Czech mast, from Proto-Slavic *mastь.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]mast f
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- mastička f
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “mast”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935-1957
- “mast”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “mast”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
Danish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Middle Low German mast.
Noun
[edit]mast c (singular definite masten, plural indefinite master)
Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Dutch mast, from Old Dutch *mast, from Proto-West Germanic *mast, from Proto-Germanic *mastaz.
Noun
[edit]mast m (plural masten, diminutive mastje n)
- mast (pole on a ship, to which sails can be rigged)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Dutch mast, from the root of met (“meat”), similar to German Mast.
Noun
[edit]mast m (plural masten, diminutive mastje n)
Anagrams
[edit]Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From either Middle Low German mast or German Mast.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]mast (genitive masti, partitive masti)
- mast
- (card games) suit
- (poker) flush
Declension
[edit]Declension of mast (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | mast | mastid | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | masti | ||
genitive | mastide | ||
partitive | masti | maste mastisid | |
illative | masti mastisse |
mastidesse mastesse | |
inessive | mastis | mastides mastes | |
elative | mastist | mastidest mastest | |
allative | mastile | mastidele mastele | |
adessive | mastil | mastidel mastel | |
ablative | mastilt | mastidelt mastelt | |
translative | mastiks | mastideks masteks | |
terminative | mastini | mastideni | |
essive | mastina | mastidena | |
abessive | mastita | mastideta | |
comitative | mastiga | mastidega |
Compounds
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Ingrian: mašti
Middle English
[edit]Adjective
[edit]mast
- Alternative form of mased
Middle French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]mast m (plural masts)
- mast (structure found on watercraft)
Descendants
[edit]- French: mât
Northern Kurdish
[edit]Noun
[edit]mast m
Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Low German mast (“mast”).
Noun
[edit]mast f or m (definite singular masta or masten, indefinite plural master, definite plural mastene)
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Verb
[edit]mast
- past participle of mase
References
[edit]- “mast” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Low German mast.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]mast f (definite singular masta, indefinite plural master, definite plural mastene)
References
[edit]- “mast” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mastь.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]mast f
Declension
[edit]singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | mast | masti | masti |
genitive | masti | masťú | mastí |
dative | masti | mastma | mastem |
accusative | mast | masti | masti |
vocative | masti | masti | masti |
locative | masti | masťú | mastech |
instrumental | masťú | mastma | mastmi |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Czech: mast
Further reading
[edit]- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “mast”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old English
[edit]Adjective
[edit]māst
- superlative degree of miċel; most
Old French
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]mast oblique singular, m (oblique plural maz or matz, nominative singular maz or matz, nominative plural mast)
- mast (structure found on watercraft)
Descendants
[edit]Old Frisian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *maist, from Proto-Germanic *maist, *maistaz. Cognates include Old English mǣst and Old Saxon mēst.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]māst
Adverb
[edit]māst
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 28
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mastь (Russian масть (mastʹ), Polish maść). Compare mazati.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]mȃst f (Cyrillic spelling ма̑ст)
Declension
[edit]References
[edit]- “mast” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Low German mast, from Old Saxon *mast, from Proto-West Germanic *mast.
Noun
[edit]mast c
Declension
[edit]Declension of mast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | mast | masten | master | masterna |
Genitive | masts | mastens | masters | masternas |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- mast in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- mast in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- mast in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
- mast in Svenskt nautiskt lexikon (1920)
Anagrams
[edit]Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]mast m (plural mastiau or mestys or mestydd)
- (nautical) mast
- Synonym: hwylbren
- (telecommunications) mast
Derived terms
[edit]- mast radio (“radio mast”)
- mast teledu (“television mast”)
References
[edit]Zazaki
[edit]Noun
[edit]mast n
- yoghurt (a milk-based product thickened by a bacterium-aided curdling process)
Synonyms
[edit]- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with homophones
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɑːst
- Rhymes:English/ɑːst/1 syllable
- Rhymes:English/æst
- Rhymes:English/æst/1 syllable
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Nautical
- en:Communication
- en:Aviation
- English verbs
- English terms derived from West Germanic languages
- English uncountable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- en:Agriculture
- en:Forestry
- en:Ecology
- English clippings
- en:Bodybuilding
- English slang
- English terms derived from French
- English terms with obsolete senses
- en:Billiards
- en:Animal foods
- en:Hormones
- en:Military
- en:Nuts
- en:Ship parts
- Czech terms inherited from Old Czech
- Czech terms derived from Old Czech
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Czech/ast
- Rhymes:Czech/ast/1 syllable
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech feminine nouns
- Czech mixed i-stem feminine nouns
- Czech mixed i-stem feminine nouns (type 'pěst')
- cs:Medicine
- Danish terms derived from Middle Low German
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish common-gender nouns
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɑst
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɑst/1 syllable
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch masculine nouns
- Estonian terms derived from Middle Low German
- Estonian terms derived from German
- Estonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian nouns
- et:Card games
- et:Poker
- Estonian riik-type nominals
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English adjectives
- Middle French terms derived from Germanic languages
- Middle French terms derived from Frankish
- Middle French terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle French terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle French terms inherited from Old French
- Middle French terms derived from Old French
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French nouns
- Middle French masculine nouns
- Middle French countable nouns
- Northern Kurdish lemmas
- Northern Kurdish nouns
- Northern Kurdish masculine nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Middle Low German
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål feminine nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns with multiple genders
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål verb forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Middle Low German
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk feminine nouns
- Old Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Czech lemmas
- Old Czech nouns
- Old Czech feminine nouns
- Old Czech feminine i-stem nouns
- Old English non-lemma forms
- Old English superlative adjectives
- Old French terms borrowed from Frankish
- Old French terms derived from Frankish
- Old French lemmas
- Old French nouns
- Old French masculine nouns
- Old Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Frisian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Frisian lemmas
- Old Frisian adjectives
- Old Frisian superlative adjectives
- Old Frisian adverbs
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- sh:Fats and oils
- Swedish terms borrowed from Middle Low German
- Swedish terms derived from Middle Low German
- Swedish terms derived from Old Saxon
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- Swedish terms with usage examples
- Welsh terms borrowed from English
- Welsh terms derived from English
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh nouns
- Welsh countable nouns
- Welsh masculine nouns
- cy:Nautical
- cy:Telecommunications
- Zazaki lemmas
- Zazaki nouns
- Zazaki neuter nouns