側
Translingual
Han character
側 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人月金弓 (OBCN), four-corner 22200, composition ⿰亻則)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 111, character 34
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 897
- Dae Jaweon: page 238, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 189, character 12
- Unihan data for U+5074
Chinese
trad. | 側 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 侧 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 側 | ||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ʔsrɯɡ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 則 (OC *ʔsɯːɡ).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zak1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chet
- Eastern Min (BUC): cháik / cáik
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 7tseq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄜˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cè
- Wade–Giles: tsʻê4
- Yale: tsè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tseh
- Palladius: цэ (cɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄜˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zè
- Wade–Giles: tsê4
- Yale: dzè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzeh
- Palladius: цзэ (czɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄞ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhai
- Wade–Giles: chai1
- Yale: jāi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jai
- Palladius: чжай (čžaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zak1
- Yale: jāk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzak7
- Guangdong Romanization: zeg1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɐk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chet
- Hakka Romanization System: zed`
- Hagfa Pinyim: zed5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡set̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cháik / cáik
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaiʔ²⁴/, /t͡saiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- cháik - “side”;
- cáik - “to lean to one side”.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiak
- Tâi-lô: tshiak
- Phofsit Daibuun: chiag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek
- Tâi-lô: tshik
- Phofsit Daibuun: zheg
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhak
- Tâi-lô: tshak
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- chhiak/chhek - literary;
- chhak - vernacular.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 側 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/ /t͡sai⁴⁴/ /ʈ͡ʂai⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂei²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡sʰə⁵⁵/ /ʈ͡ʂʰe⁵⁵/ /ʈ͡ʂe⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰɛ²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡sei²¹/ ~棱子睡 /t͡sʰei²¹/ ~面 | |
Xining | /t͡sʰɨ⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡sʰə¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰə¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡sʰe³¹/ /t͡se³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡sɛ²¹/ ~邊 /t͡sʰɛ²¹/ ~起過 | |
Kunming | /t͡sʰə³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /t͡sʰɐʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰaʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /t͡sʰʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡saʔ⁴³/ ~楞 /t͡sʰaʔ⁴³/ ~面 | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/ /t͡səʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡səʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡səʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡sʰe²¹³/ /t͡se²¹³/ /t͡sei²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰɛʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡sʰa⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sə²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡sæ²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sɛʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡set̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /t͡set̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sɐk̚⁵/ |
Nanning | /t͡sɐk̚⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡sɐk̚⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sʰik̚³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sʰaiʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sɛ²⁴/ /t͡sʰɛ²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sʰek̚²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /sek̚⁵/ /sɔk̚⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: tsrik
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]rək/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsrɯɡ/
Definitions
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 側 – see 仄 (“slanting; oblique; narrow; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 仄). |
Japanese
Kanji
Readings
Related terms
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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側 |
がわ Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
Pronunciation
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Noun
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
側 |
そば Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
Pronunciation
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Alternative forms
Noun
- vicinity, near, beside
- あなたの側にいる弁護士がいます。
- Anata no soba ni iru bengoshi ga imasu.
- There is a lawyer beside you.
- あなたの側にいる弁護士がいます。
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
側 |
かわ Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
Pronunciation
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Noun
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
---|
側 |
はた Grade: 4 |
irregular |
Pronunciation
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Alternative forms
Noun
Etymology 5
Kanji in this term |
---|
側 |
かたわら Grade: 4 |
irregular |
Pronunciation
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Alternative forms
Noun
側 • (katawara) ←かたはら (katafara)?
Etymology 6
Kanji in this term |
---|
側 |
そく Grade: 4 |
on’yomi |
Middle Chinese 側 (t͡ʃɨk̚)
Pronunciation
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Affix
Derived terms
- 君側 (kunsoku, “vicinity of a lord”)
- 側圧 (sokuatsu, “lateral pressure”)
- 側位 (sokui, “spoons position”)
- 側鎖 (sokusa)
- 側室 (sokushitsu)
- 側射 (sokusha)
- 側車 (sokusha)
- 側線 (sokusen)
- 側背 (sokuhai)
- 側部 (sokubu)
- 側聞 (sokubun)
- 側壁 (sokuheki)
- 側辺 (sokuhen)
- 側面 (sokumen)
- 側路 (sokuro)
- 側火山 (sokkazan)
- 側近 (sokkin)
- 側溝 (sokkō)
- 側根 (sokkon)
- 側頭 (sokutō)
Noun
- the first of the Eight Principles of Yong
Hypernyms
- 永字八法 (eiji happō, “the Eight Principles of Yong”)
Coordinate terms
- 勒 (roku, “the second of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
- 努 (do, “the third of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
- 趯 (teki, “the fourth of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
- 策 (saku, “the fifth of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
- 掠 (ryaku, “the sixth of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
- 啄 (taku, “the seventh of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
- 磔 (taku, “the eighth of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
References
Korean
Hanja
側 (eum 측 (cheuk))
Vietnamese
Han character
側: Hán Nôm readings: trắc, trắt, trặc
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