賊

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賊 U+8CCA, 賊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CCA
← 賉
[U+8CC9]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 賋 →
[U+8CCB]
See also: 戝 and 贼

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

賊 (radical 154 貝+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月金戈十 (BCIJ), four-corner 63850, composition ⿰貝戎)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1208, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36759
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1672, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3637, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8CCA

Chinese[edit]

trad. 賊
simp. 贼

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 賊
Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
賊-bronze.svg 賊-silk.svg 賊-bigseal.svg 賊-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (則) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
廁 *sʰrɯɡs, *sʰrɯɡ
則 *ʔsɯːɡ
賊 *zɯːɡ
鰂 *zɯːɡ
鱡 *zɯːɡ
蠈 *zɯːɡ
側 *ʔsrɯɡ
萴 *ʔsrɯɡ, *zrɯɡ
測 *sʰrɯɡ
惻 *sʰrɯɡ
崱 *zrɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zɯːɡ): phonetic 則 (OC *ʔsɯːɡ) + semantic 戈 (“weapon”).

This was misinterpreted as a compound of 貝 (“money”) and 戎 (“weapon”) to produce the modern form.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • chha̍t - vernacular;
  • cha̍t - vernacular (limited to 墨賊);
  • che̍k/chia̍k - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 賊
Mandarin Beijing /t͡sei³⁵/
Harbin /t͡sei²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡sei⁴⁵/
/t͡sɤ⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡sei⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡se⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡suei⁴²/
/t͡sei⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡sei²⁴/
Xining /t͡sɨ²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡sei⁵³/
Lanzhou /t͡sei⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡sei⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡suei³¹/
/t͡se³¹/
Guiyang /t͡suei²¹/
Kunming /t͡sei³¹/
Nanjing /t͡suəi²⁴/
/t͡səʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡se⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sei¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡sʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡sɛ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zəʔ¹/
Suzhou /zəʔ³/
Hangzhou /d͡zəʔ²/
Wenzhou /ze²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰe²²/
Tunxi /t͡sʰə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sei²⁴/
/t͡sʰə⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /t͡sʰæ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɛʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰet̚⁵/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰet̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰak̚²/
Nanning /t͡sʰɐk̚²²/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰak̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sik̚⁵/
/t͡sʰat̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sʰɛiʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sʰɛ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰak̚⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /sak̚³/
Rime
Character 賊
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 德 (131)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 昨則切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡zək̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡zək̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡zək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡zək̚/
Li
Rong		 /d͡zək̚/
Wang
Li		 /d͡zək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /d͡zʱək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zé
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 賊
Reading # 1/1
No. 16596
Phonetic
component		 則
Rime
group		 職
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 賊
Old
Chinese		 /*zɯːɡ/

Definitions[edit]

賊

  1. thief
  2. bandit; robber
  3. traitor

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 小偷 (“(petty) thief”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 賊
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 賊、小偷、竊賊
Mandarin Beijing 小偷兒、賊
Taiwan 小偷、賊
Tianjin 小偷兒、賊
Jinan 小偷兒、賊
Xi'an 賊娃子
Wuhan 強徒、小偷
Chengdu 賊娃子
Yangzhou 小偷、賊、強盜
Hefei 小偷、賊、小賊
Cantonese Guangzhou 鼠摸、賊仔、賊
Hong Kong 賊仔、賊
Taishan 鼠摸、賊
Yangjiang 鼠賊、賊
Gan Nanchang 賊
Hakka Meixian 賊牯、賊仔
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 賊仔
Liudui (S. Sixian) 賊仔
Hsinchu (Hailu) 賊仔
Dongshi (Dabu) 賊
Zhuolan (Raoping) 賊仔、賊
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 賊
Jin Taiyuan 賊
Min Bei Jian'ou 賊
Min Dong Fuzhou 賊囝、賊
Min Nan Xiamen 賊仔
Quanzhou 賊仔
Zhangzhou 賊仔
Taipei 賊仔
Kaohsiung 勍仔
Tainan 賊仔
Taichung 賊仔
Hsinchu 賊仔
Lukang 賊仔
Sanxia 賊仔
Yilan 勍仔
Kinmen 鼠賊仔
Magong 賊
Penang 賊
Philippines (Manila) 賊仔
Chaozhou 鼠賊囝
Wu Suzhou 賊骨頭、小賊
Wenzhou 小偷兒、賊
Xiang Changsha 賊老倌、賊牯子、賊
Shuangfeng 賊牯子

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 賊

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

賊

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds
Kanji in this term
賊
ぞく
Grade: S
on'yomi

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 賊.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

賊 (hiragana ぞく, rōmaji zoku)

  1. thief
  2. rebel

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

賊 • (jeok) (hangeul 적, revised jeok, McCune-Reischauer chŏk, Yale cek)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

賊 (tặc, giặc)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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