賊
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
賊 (radical 154, 貝+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月金戈十 (BCIJ), four-corner 63850, composition ⿰貝戎)
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1208, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36759
- Dae Jaweon: page 1672, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3637, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8CCA
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 賊 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 贼 | |
| alternative forms | 𧵪 | |
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 賊 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zɯːɡ): phonetic 則 (OC *ʔsɯːɡ) + semantic 戈 (“weapon”).
This was later reinterpreted as a compound of 貝 (“money”) and 戎 (“weapon”) to produce the modern form.
Etymology[edit]
Possibly Sino-Tibetan; compare Tibetan ཇག (jag, “robbery”) (Coblin, 1986). Schuessler (2007) points out that a palatalized consonant in Tibetan does not usually correspond to an unpalatalized one in Chinese; instead, he compares it to Khmer ឆក់ (chɑk, “to snatch; to steal”).
Possibly cognate with 災 (OC *ʔslɯː, “natural disaster”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Based on evidence from early loans from Chinese, e.g. Lakkia kjak⁸ (“bandit”) and Rục kəcʌ́ːk (“bandit”), Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstructs the Old Chinese with a *k preinitial.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
賊
- † to damage; to corrupt; to ruin; to destroy
- † to harm; to injure
- † to slander
- † to murder
- 宣子驟諫，公患之，使鉏麑賊之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Commentary of Zuo, circa 4th century BCE
- Xuānzǐ zhòu jiàn, Gōng huàn zhī, shǐ Chú Ní zéi zhī. [Pinyin]
- Lord Xuan remonstrated with the Duke again and again. The Duke, troubled by his behaviour, sent Chu (or "Zhu") Ni to murder him.
宣子骤谏，公患之，使𬬺麑贼之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- † murderer
- † harm; disaster
- thief; bandit; robber (Classifier: 個／个 m c)
- villain; traitor
- † to steal
- evil; wicked; treacherous
- † to restrain
- † ruthless; vicious
- (colloquial, dialectal) cunning; wily; sly
- (dialectal) very; particularly; immensely; extremely
- † a kind of pest that eats the joints of a seedling
Usage notes[edit]
- Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) proscribes the use of the pronunciation zé.
Synonyms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Others:
- → Vietnamese: giặc
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 賊
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Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
賊
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 賊 |
| ぞく Grade: S |
| on’yomi |
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 賊 (MC d͡zək̚).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 賊 (MC d͡zək̚). Recorded as Middle Korean 적〮 (Yale: cek) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
賊: Hán Nôm readings: tặc, giặc
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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