占
Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
占 (Kangxi radical 25, 卜+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 卜口 (YR), four-corner 21600, composition ⿱⺊口)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 157, character 30
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2780
- Dae Jaweon: page 361, character 19
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 92, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5360
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
占 |
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Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 占 | ||
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Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Oracle bone script | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
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Old Chinese | |
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頕 | *taːm |
煔 | *ɦlaːm, *hljems, *hl'eːms |
炶 | *ɦlaːm |
詀 | *rteːm, *rdeːms, *teːm, *tʰjeb |
站 | *rteːms |
檆 | *sreːm |
黏 | *nem |
粘 | *nem |
枮 | *slem, *ʔl'ɯm |
霑 | *tem |
沾 | *tem, *teːms, *tʰeːm |
覘 | *tems, *tʰem |
鉆 | *tʰem, *ɡrem, *tʰeːb |
占 | *ʔljem, *tjems |
颭 | *tjemʔ |
佔 | *tjems, *teːm |
苫 | *hljem, *hljems |
痁 | *hljem, *teːms |
蛅 | *njem |
阽 | *lem |
敁 | *teːm |
掂 | *tiːm |
點 | *teːmʔ |
玷 | *teːmʔ, *teːms |
店 | *tiːms |
坫 | *tiːms, *tim |
黇 | *tʰeːm |
扂 | *deːmʔ |
拈 | *neːm |
鮎 | *neːm |
砧 | *ʔl'ɯm |
笘 | *teːb |
跕 | *teːb, *tʰeːb |
貼 | *tʰeːb |
帖 | *tʰeːb |
怗 | *tʰeːb |
呫 | *tʰeːb |
Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 卜 + 口.
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄢ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhan
- Wade–Giles: chan1
- Yale: jān
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jan
- Palladius: чжань (čžanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂän⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zim1
- Yale: jīm
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzim1
- Guangdong Romanization: jim1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siːm⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: tsyem
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tem/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔljem/
Definitions
- to divine; to foretell
- (obsolete) to watch or to peep
- Variant pronunciation of sense "to recount orally" below
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Compounds
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References
- “占”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhàn
- Wade–Giles: chan4
- Yale: jàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jann
- Palladius: чжань (čžanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zim3
- Yale: jim
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzim3
- Guangdong Romanization: jim3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siːm³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: tsyemH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*tjems/
Definitions
Usage notes
Sources vary in the pronunciation of sense "to recount orally". Zhengzitong recorded a level tone, yet Zihui recorded a departing tone.
The standard Mandarin pronunciation is zhàn in China Mainland and Taiwan.
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zim1 / zem1
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzim1 / dzem1
- Guangdong Romanization: jim1 / zém1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siːm⁵⁵/, /t͡sɛːm⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
Synonyms
Compounds
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Etymology 4
For pronunciation and definitions of 占 – see 佔 (“to occupy; to possess; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 佔). |
Notes:
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Japanese
Kanji
Readings
- Go-on: せん (sen, Jōyō)←せん (sen, historical)←せむ (semu, ancient)
- Kan-on: せん (sen, Jōyō)←せん (sen, historical)←せむ (semu, ancient)
- Kun: しめる (shimeru, 占める, Jōyō); うらなう (uranau, 占う, Jōyō)←うらなふ (uranafu, 占ふ, historical); うら (ura, 占)
Compounds
- 占卜 (senboku): augury, divination, fortune-telling
- 卜占 (bokusen): augury, divination, fortune-telling
- 複占 (fukusen): duopoly
Noun
Kanji in this term |
---|
占 |
うら Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative forms
Korean
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 占 (MC tsyemH).
Hanja
占 (eumhun 차지할 점 (chajihal jeom))
Compounds
Etymology 2
From Middle Chinese 占 (MC tsyem). Recorded as Middle Korean 졈 (cyem) (Yale: cyem) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
占 (eumhun 점칠 점 (jeomchil jeom))
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
Han character
占: Hán Nôm readings: chiêm, chăm, chàm, chễm, chím, chiếm, giếm, chầm, chằm, chem, coi, xem
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- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading せん
- Japanese kanji with ancient kan'on reading せむ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading し・める
- Japanese kanji with kun reading うらな・う
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading うらな・ふ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading うら
- Japanese terms spelled with 占 read as うら
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