惺

Translingual

Han character

惺 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 心日竹一 (PAHM), four-corner 9601₄, composition ⿰忄星)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 393, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10868
• Dae Jaweon: page 729, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2328, character 2
• Unihan data for U+60FA

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		惺

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
猜	*sʰlɯː
輤	*sʰleːns
綪	*sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ
倩	*sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs
棈	*sʰleːns
蒨	*sʰeːns
篟	*sʰeːns
生	*sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs
牲	*sreŋ
笙	*sreŋ
甥	*sreŋ
鉎	*sreŋ, *sleːŋ
珄	*sreŋ
鼪	*sreŋ, *sreŋs
猩	*sreŋ, *seːŋ
狌	*sreŋ
眚	*sreŋʔ
貹	*sreŋs
崝	*zreːŋ
精	*ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs
菁	*ʔsleŋ
鶄	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
蜻	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
鼱	*ʔsleŋ
婧	*ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
睛	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ
箐	*ʔsleŋ
聙	*ʔsleŋ
旌	*ʔsleŋ
清	*sʰleŋ
圊	*sʰleŋ
請	*sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ
凊	*sʰleŋs
䝼	*zleŋs, *zleŋ
靚	*zleŋs
情	*zleŋ
晴	*zleŋ
夝	*zleŋ
靜	*zleŋʔ
靖	*zleŋʔ
睲	*seŋʔ, *seːŋs
惺	*seŋʔ, *seːŋ
性	*sleŋs
姓	*sleŋs
靗	*l̥ʰeŋs
鯖	*ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ
青	*sʰleːŋ
靘	*sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs
掅	*sʰleːŋs
胜	*sleːŋ
曐	*sleːŋ
星	*sleːŋ
鮏	*sleːŋ
腥	*seːŋ, *seːŋs
鯹	*seːŋ
醒	*seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
篂	*seːŋ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xīng, xǐng (xing¹, xing³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥ, ㄒㄧㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sing¹ / sing²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland for both senses, standard in Taiwan for the adjectival sense)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xīng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sing
    • Wade–Giles: hsing¹
    • Yale: syīng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shing
    • Palladius: син (sin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan for the verb sense)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xǐng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sǐng
    • Wade–Giles: hsing³
    • Yale: syǐng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiing
    • Palladius: син (sin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: sing¹ / sing²
    • Yale: sīng / síng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sing¹ / sing²
    • Guangdong Romanization: xing¹ / xing²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪŋ⁵⁵/, /sɪŋ³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: seng, sjengX

Rime
Character	惺	惺
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	青 (125)	清 (121)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	桑經切	息井切
Baxter	seng	sjengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/seŋ/	/siᴇŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/seŋ/	/siɛŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/sɛŋ/	/siæŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛjŋ/	/siajŋX/
Li Rong	/seŋ/	/siɛŋX/
Wang Li	/sieŋ/	/sĭɛŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/sieŋ/	/si̯ɛŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xīng	xǐng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sing1	sing2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*seŋʔ/, /*seːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	惺	惺
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	11357	11379
Phonetic component	生	生
Rime group	耕	耕
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	省	星
Old Chinese	/*seŋʔ/	/*seːŋ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 惺

1. (literary) intelligent; clever; astute
2. (literary) to come to understand; to come to realize

References

• “惺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

惺

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): せい (sei)
• Kun: さとる (satoru)

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Korean

Hanja

惺 • (seong, hwang) (hangeul 성, 황, revised seong, hwang, McCune–Reischauer sŏng, hwang, Yale seng, hwang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

惺: Hán Nôm readings: tênh, tinh

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation