火車

See also: 火车

Chinese

		fire; angry; fierce fire; angry; fierce; fiery; thriving	vehicle on land; car; machine vehicle on land; car; machine; to shape with a lathe
trad. (火車)		火	車
simp. (火车)		火	车
Literally: “fire vehicle”.

Etymology

“train”

In reference to the steam engines that early trains had.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): huǒchē

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄔㄜ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ho³ ce¹

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хуәчә (huəčə, II-I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fo² ce¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): fo² cie¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): 'fo³ ca¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fó-chhâ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): fo³ ca¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): hue² ce¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): huōi-chiă
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hé-chhia / hér-chhia / hóe-chhia

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huê² cia¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵hu-tsho
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ho³ che¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huǒchē
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄔㄜ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huǒche
    • Wade–Giles: huo³-chʻê¹
    • Yale: hwǒ-chē
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huooche
    • Palladius: хочэ (xočɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huǒchēr
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄔㄜㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huǒcher
    • Wade–Giles: huo³-chʻê¹-ʼrh
    • Yale: hwǒ-chēr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huooche'l
    • Palladius: хочэр (xočɛr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤɻ⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: ho³ ce¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xoce
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xo⁵³ t͡sʰɛ⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хуәчә (huəčə, II-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuə⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰə²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: fo² ce¹
    • Yale: fó chē
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fo² tse¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fo² cé¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔː³⁵ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: fo² cie¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fᵘɔ⁵⁵ t͡sʰiɛ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: 'fo³ ca¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˈfo²¹³⁻¹³ t͡sʰa⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fó-chhâ
    • Hakka Romanization System: fo` ca´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fo³ ca¹
    • Sinological IPA: /fo³¹ t͡sʰa²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: fo³ ca¹
    • Sinological IPA: /fo³¹ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: hue² ce¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuɤ⁵³ t͡sʰɤ¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: huōi-chiă
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hui³³⁻²¹ ^(t͡sʰ-)ʒia⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu, Jinjiang, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hé-chhia
    • Tâi-lô: hé-tshia
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hefchiaf
    • IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /he⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰia³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hér-chhia
    • Tâi-lô: hér-tshia
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰia³³/
    • IPA (Lukang): /hə⁵⁵⁻³⁵ t͡sʰia³³/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /hə⁵³⁻²⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung, Penang, Medan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóe-chhia
    • Tâi-lô: hué-tshia
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoefchiaf
    • IPA (Penang): /hue⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ t͡sʰia³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Tainan, Yilan): /hue⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: huê² cia¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hué tshia
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hue⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰia³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵hu-tsho
    • MiniDict: hu^去 tsho
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²hu-tsho
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /hu³³ t͡sʰo⁴⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ho³ che¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /xo⁴¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ̞³³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /xo⁴¹ t͡sʰɤ̞³³/

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• Middle Chinese: xwaX tsyhae

Rime
Character	火	車
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	呼果切	尺遮切
Baxter	xwaX	tsyhae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/huɑX/	/t͡ɕʰia/
Pan Wuyun	/huɑX/	/t͡ɕʰia/
Shao Rongfen	/xuɑX/	/t͡ɕʰia/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hwaX/	/cʰia/
Li Rong	/xuɑX/	/t͡ɕʰia/
Wang Li	/xuɑX/	/t͡ɕʰĭa/
Bernard Karlgren	/xuɑX/	/t͡ɕʰi̯a/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huǒ	chē
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fo2	ce1

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 火車

1. train (Classifier: 列 m; 架 c; 節／节 m; 班 m c; 趟 m)

   Template:zh-hyper

   我坐火車去上海。 [MSC, trad.]
   我坐火车去上海。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ zuò huǒchē qù Shànghǎi. [Pinyin]

   I am going to Shanghai by train.

   火車三點開，你現在去還來得及。 [MSC, trad.]
   火车三点开，你现在去还来得及。 [MSC, simp.]

   Huǒchē sān diǎn kāi, nǐ xiànzài qù hái láidejí. [Pinyin]

   The train leaves at three. You can still make it if you go now.

2. (historical) combat chariot carrying equipment for attack by fire
3. (Buddhism) fiery chariot that sends a sinner to hell

Usage notes

• 火車／火车 refers to the train itself and to the mode of transportation. So it is used in terms related to the railway. 列車／列车 (lièchē) is sometimes used instead to follow technology development as trains are not steam powered anymore. But it only refers to the train itself and can't replace 火車／火车 in the previous term.

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (火車):

• → Vietnamese: hỏa xa (火車)

Others:

• → Bouyei: hojcey
• → Zhuang: hojceh, cifeiz (calque)

See also

• 地鐵／地铁 (dìtiě)
• 動車／动车 (dòngchē)
• 高鐵／高铁 (gāotiě)
• 列車／列车 (lièchē)
• 鐵路／铁路 (tiělù)
• (Japanese) 火車(かしゃ) (kasha)
• (Korean) 화차 (火車, hwacha)

Proper noun

(deprecated template usage) 火車

1. (Hong Kong, colloquial) East Rail line

Further reading

• (Min Nan pronunciation audio) “Entry #1252”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
火	車
か Grade: 1	しゃ Grade: 1
on’yomi

Alternative forms

• (yōkai): 化車

Etymology

/kua t͡ɕia/ → /kʷaɕʲa/ → /kaɕa/

From Middle Chinese compound 火車 (MC xwaX tsyhae).

The "steam locomotive" sense is a borrowing from Mandarin 火車／火车 (huǒchē).

Noun

火(か)車(しゃ) • (kasha) ^{←くわしや (kwasya)?}

1. (Buddhism) a fiery chariot that brings sinners to hell; by extension, a form of torture using this vehicle

   Synonym: 火の車 (hi no kuruma)

2. a burning fire in the shape of a wheel
3. Short for 火車婆 (kasha-baba): a powerful, evil old hag
4. (folklore) a yōkai that steals the corpses of those who have died as a result of accumulating evil deeds
5. a steam locomotive; by extension, a train

   Synonym: 汽車 (kisha)

6. Alternative spelling of 花車 (kasha): a woman who manages and supervises prostitutes

Derived terms

• 火車(かしゃ)婆(ばば) (kasha-baba)

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Korean

Hanja in this term
火	車

Noun

火車 • (hwacha) (hangeul 화차)

1. Hanja form^? of 화차 (“hwacha”).

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Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
火	車

Noun

火車

1. Template:han tu form of