璽

See also: 玺

Translingual

Han character

璽 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+14, 19 strokes, cangjie input 一月一土戈 (MBMGI), four-corner 1010₃, composition ⿱爾玉)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 744, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21309
• Dae Jaweon: page 1153, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1144, character 5
• Unihan data for U+74BD

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Chinese

trad.		璽
simp.		玺
alternative forms		鉨／鿭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (爾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
嬭	*rneːlʔ, *niːlʔ
禰	*niːlʔ
镾	*niːlʔ, *mnel
薾	*niːlʔ
檷	*niːlʔ
鑈	*niːlʔ, *neːb
瀰	*niːlʔ, *mnel, *mnelʔ
獼	*mnel
瓕	*mnel
彌	*mnel
鸍	*mnel, *hnjel
擟	*mnel
濔	*mnelʔ
壐	*smlelʔ
璽	*smlelʔ
爾	*njelʔ
邇	*njelʔ
獮	*smlenʔ
籋	*neb, *neːb

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xǐ (xi³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saai²
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): sê³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sú

  (Teochew, Peng'im): si²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sǐ
    • Wade–Giles: hsi³
    • Yale: syǐ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shii
    • Palladius: си (si)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: saai²
    • Yale: sáai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saai²
    • Guangdong Romanization: sai²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːi̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: sê³
    • Sinological IPA: /se³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sú
    • Tâi-lô: sú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: suo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /su⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /su⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /su⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /su⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /su⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: si²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sí
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si⁵²/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 璽
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕi²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/ɕi²¹³/
	Tianjin	/ɕi¹³/
	Jinan	/ɕi⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/si⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/si⁵³/
	Xi'an	/ɕi²¹/
	Xining	/ɕi⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕi⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ɕi⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/ɕi⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ɕi⁴²/
	Chengdu	/ɕi⁵³/
	Guiyang	/ɕi⁴²/
	Kunming	/ɕi⁵³/
	Nanjing	/si²¹²/
	Hefei	/sz̩²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕi⁵³/
	Pingyao
	Hohhot	/ɕi⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕi³⁵/
	Suzhou	/si⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕi⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/sei³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/si³⁵/
	Tunxi	/ɕi³¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/si⁴¹/
	Xiangtan	/si⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕi²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/sai³¹/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/sɐi³⁵/
	Nanning	/ɬɐi³⁵/
	Hong Kong	/sɐi³⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/su⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/sɛ³²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/sai²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/si⁵³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/mi³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: sjeX

Rime
Character	璽
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	斯氏切
Baxter	sjeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siᴇX/
Pan Wuyun	/siɛX/
Shao Rongfen	/sjɛX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/siə̆X/
Li Rong	/sieX/
Wang Li	/sǐeX/
Bernard Karlgren	/sie̯X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[n]e[r]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*smlelʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	璽
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ sjeX ›
Old Chinese	/*s.[n]e[r]ʔ/
English	seal (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	璽
Reading #	1/1
No.	2815
Phonetic component	爾
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	徙
Old Chinese	/*smlelʔ/
Notes	同壐籀文

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 璽

1. (historical) imperial seal; royal seal

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Japanese

Kanji

璽

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. the imperial seal or sigil
2. a symbol of imperial status

Readings

• Go-on: し (shi)
• Kan-on: し (shi)
• Kan’yō-on: じ (ji, Jōyō)
• Kun: しるし (shirushi, 璽); みしるし (mishirushi)

Etymology 1

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese 璽 (MC sjeX). Compare modern Mandarin 璽／玺 (xǐ).

The reading changed from an initial borrowing of /shi/, [ɕi] to the current reading of /ji/, [d͡ʑi].

Noun

璽(じ) • (ji) 

1. a seal or sigil carved into a jewel
2. more specifically, such a seal belonging to the Chinese emperor of the Qin Dynasty or later, or belonging to the Japanese emperor
3. 八尺瓊曲玉 (​Yasakani no Magatama), the jewel that is one of the three sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan

Synonyms

• (carved jewel): 玉(ぎょく)璽(じ) (gyokuji)
• (imperial seal): 玉(ぎょく)璽(じ) (gyokuji), 御(ぎょ)璽(じ) (gyoji)
• (imperial regalia): 八(や)尺(さか)瓊(にの)曲(まが)玉(たま) (Yasakani no Magatama)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 璽(じ)綬(じゅ) (jiju): the imperial seal and the braided cord attached to it
• 璽(じ)書(しょ) (jisho): a document that has been stamped with the imperial seal
• 璽(じ)符(ふ) (jifu): the imperial seal

• 印(いん)璽(じ) (inji): common term for the emperor's personal seal or sigil and the national seal or sigil used for state business
• 玉(ぎょく)璽(じ) (gyokuji): the emperor's personal seal or sigil
• 御(ぎょ)璽(じ) (gyoji): the emperor's personal seal or sigil
• 御(ぎょ)名(めい)御(ぎょ)璽(じ) (gyomei gyoji): the emperor's name and the emperor's personal seal or sigil
• 剣(けん)璽(じ) (kenji): 草薙の剣 (Kusanagi no Tsurugi) and 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), two of the sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan; alternately, all three of the sacred treasures
• 剣(けん)璽(じ)渡(と)御(ぎょ) (kenji togyo): the ceremony of imperial succession, where the Imperial Regalia of Japan are passed from the preceding emperor to the new one
• 剣(けん)璽(じ)の案(あん) (kenji no an): the shelf on which the Imperial Regalia of Japan were placed, from the Heian period through the Muromachi period
• 国(こ)璽(くじ) (kokuji): the national seal or sigil used for state business
• 国(こ)璽(くじ)尚(しょう)書(しょ) (kokuji shōsho): the Lord Privy Seal, the minister or official in the UK responsible for keeping the national seal
• 掌(しょう)璽(じ)官(かん) (shōjikan): under the Ritsuryō system of ancient Japan, the minister in responsible for keeping the imperial seal
• 神(しん)璽(じ) (shinji): 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), one of the sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan; alternately, all three of the sacred treasures; the emperor's personal seal or sigil
• 伝(でん)国(こく)の璽(じ) (denkoku no ji): the imperial seal belonging to the Chinese emperor of the Qin Dynasty or later
• 宝(ほう)璽(じ) (hōji): the emperor's personal seal or sigil
• 霊(れい)璽(じ) (reiji): an honorific term for the emperor's personal seal or sigil; something worshipped to offer prayers to the soul of someone who has passed away

Etymology 2

Noun derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) shirushi of verb 印す (shirusu, “to stamp with a seal or sigil; to mark or brand”).

Alternative forms

• 印

Noun

璽(しるし) • (shirushi) 

1. the emperor's personal seal or sigil or the national seal or sigil used for state business
2. the mark made by such a seal or sigil
3. 八尺瓊勾玉 (​Yasakani no Magatama), one of the sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan
4. all three of the sacred treasures

Synonyms

• (imperial seal): 印(いん)璽(じ) (inji), 御(ぎょ)璽(じ) (gyoji)
• (emperor's seal): 印(いん)璽(じ) (inji), 御(ぎょ)璽(じ) (gyoji), 璽(じ)符(ふ) (jifu), 宝(ほう)璽(じ) (hōji), 霊(れい)璽(じ) (reiji)
• (national seal): 国(こく)璽(じ) (kokuji)
• (imperial regalia): 八(や)尺(さか)瓊(にの)勾(まが)玉(たま) (Yasakani no Magatama)
• (all three imperial regalia): 三(さん)種(しゅ)の神(しん)器(き) (Sanshu no Shinki)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 璽(しるし)の御(み)筥(はこ) (shirushi no mihako): the box containing the 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama), one of the sacred treasures comprising the Imperial Regalia of Japan; by extension, 八尺瓊勾玉 (Yasakani no Magatama) itself

• 天(あま)つ璽(しるし) (ama tsu shirushi): the mark or borderline separating the earthly realm from the heavenly realm; an item received from the gods as proof of imperial status
• 御(み)璽(しるし) (mishirushi): the sacred Imperial Regalia of Japan that symbolize imperial succession

Etymology 3

Compound of 御 (mi-, honorific prefix) +‎ 璽 (shirushi, “imperial mark, seal, or sigil”).

Alternative forms

• 御璽, 御印

Noun

璽(みしるし) • (mishirushi) 

1. a mark or seal indicating imperial status
2. a sacred item indicating imperial status
3. the emperor's personal seal or sigil

Synonyms

• (imperial seal): 印(いん)璽(じ) (inji), 御(ぎょ)璽(じ) (gyoji)
• (sacred item): 神(しん)器(き) (shinki)
• (emperor's seal): 印(いん)璽(じ) (inji), 御(ぎょ)璽(じ) (gyoji), 璽(じ)符(ふ) (jifu), 宝(ほう)璽(じ) (hōji), 霊(れい)璽(じ) (reiji)

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Korean

Hanja

璽 • (sae) (hangeul 새, revised sae, McCune–Reischauer sae, Yale say)

1. rainbow

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 璽 (tỉ, tỷ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.