約束

See also: 约束

Chinese

		appointment; agreement; to arrange appointment; agreement; to arrange; to restrict; approximately; weigh	bunch; (a measure word); to bind bunch; (a measure word); to bind; to control
trad. (約束)		約	束
simp. (约束)		约	束

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yuēshù

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄝ ㄕㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): joek³ cuk¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yok-suk
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): iok-sok / iak-sok

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yuēshù
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄝ ㄕㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yueshù
    • Wade–Giles: yüeh¹-shu⁴
    • Yale: ywē-shù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iueshuh
    • Palladius: юэшу (juešu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛ⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 約數／约数 約束／约束

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: joek³ cuk¹
    • Yale: yeuk chūk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: joek⁸ tsuk⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: yêg³ cug¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœːk̚³ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yok-suk
    • Hakka Romanization System: iog` sug`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yog⁵ sug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯ok̚² suk̚²/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yok-suk
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iog` sug`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yog⁵ sug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯ok̚² suk̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iok-sok
    • Tâi-lô: iok-sok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ioksog
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /iɔk̚³²⁻⁴ sɔk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak-sok
    • Tâi-lô: iak-sok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iaksog
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iak̚³²⁻⁵ sɔk̚³²/

Verb

約束

1. to restrict; to restrain
2. (literary) to agree upon; to appoint; to settle on
3. (archaic) to bind with a rope

Synonyms

• (to restrict):

(deprecated template usage)

• 主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
• 主張／主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
• 克制 (kèzhì)
• 克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
• 制禦／制御 (zhìyù) (literary)
• 制約／制约 (zhìyuē)
• 君 (jūn) (literary)
• 執掌／执掌 (zhízhǎng)
• 壓制／压制 (yāzhì)
• 局 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 局限 (júxiàn)
• 左右 (zuǒyòu)
• 把
• 抑制 (yìzhì)
• 把持 (bǎchí)
• 把控 (bǎkòng)
• 把攬／把揽 (bǎlǎn)
• 抵制 (dǐzhì)
• 拘束 (jūshù)
• 按 (àn)
• 按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
• 控 (literary, or in compounds)
• 控制 (kòngzhì)
• 掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
• 掌握 (zhǎngwò)
• 提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
• 撥弄／拨弄 (bōnòng)
• 撙節／撙节 (zǔnjié)
• 操控 (cāokòng)
• 操縱／操纵 (cāozòng)
• 擺佈／摆布 (bǎibù)
• 擺治／摆治 (bǎizhì) (regional)
• 支配 (zhīpèi)
• 收斂／收敛 (shōuliǎn)
• 束 (literary, or in compounds)
• 束縛／束缚 (shùfù)
• 柄 (literary, or in compounds)
• 框 (kuàng)
• 禁錮／禁锢 (jìngù) (figurative)
• 積壓／积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
• 節制／节制 (jiézhì)
• 節撙／节撙 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
• 管制 (guǎnzhì)
• 管束 (guǎnshù)
• 統御／统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
• 統治／统治 (tǒngzhì)
• 羈束／羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
• 裁 (cái) (literary, or in compounds)
• 遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
• 鎮／镇 (zhèn)
• 限 (xiàn)
• 限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 限制 (xiànzhì)
• 駕／驾 (jià)
• 駕馭／驾驭 (jiàyù) (figurative)

 

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 約束

1. (mathematics) constraint

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
約	束
やく Grade: 4	そく Grade: 4
goon

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

約(やく)束(そく) • (yakusoku) 

1. a promise
   • 1987 February 20 [1985 August 15], Motoka Murakami, “母(か)っちゃの剣(けん)道(どう)精(せい)神(しん)の巻(まき) [Ma’s Kendō Spirit]”, in 六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)の剣(けん) (六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)の剣(けん)) [Musashi’s Sword], 5th edition, volume 21 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 59:

     ………八(や)重(え)樫(がし)先(せん)生(せい)！まんず男(おとこ)と男(おとこ)の約(やく)束(そく)だあ！母(か)っちゃを大(たい)切(せつ)にしてけれ！

     ……… Yaegashi Sensei! manzu otoko to otoko no yakusoku dā! katcha o taisetsu ni shite kere!

     ……… Yaegashi Sensei! Promise me, man-to-man! Promise me you’ll take good care of my ma!

     六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)！

     Musashi!

     Musashi!

     ん！約(やく)束(そく)するよ六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)！

     N! Yakusoku suru yo Musashi!

     I will! I promise, Musashi!

2. an appointment or social engagement (the meeting itself)
3. a convention; something that is conventional
4. something that is preordained

Verb

約(やく)束(そく)する • (yakusoku suru) suru (stem 約(やく)束(そく)し (yakusoku shi), past 約(やく)束(そく)した (yakusoku shita))

1. to promise; to make a promise

   みんなで約束(やくそく)しよう！

   Minna de yakusoku shiyō!

   Let's all promise together!

   • 1987 February 20 [1985 August 15], Motoka Murakami, “母(か)っちゃの剣(けん)道(どう)精(せい)神(しん)の巻(まき) [Ma’s Kendō Spirit]”, in 六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)の剣(けん) (六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)の剣(けん)) [Musashi’s Sword], 5th edition, volume 21 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 59:

     六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)！

     Musashi!

     Musashi!

     ん！約(やく)束(そく)するよ六(ム)三(サ)四(シ)！

     N! Yakusoku suru yo Musashi!

     I will! I promise, Musashi!

   • 2005 July 7, Nobuhiro Watsuki, “第(だい)65話(わ)　夜(よ)明(あ)けの墓(はか)場(ば) [Chapter 65: The Graveyard at Dawn]”, in 武(ブ)装(ソウ)錬(レン)金(キン) (武(ブ)装(ソウ)錬(レン)金(キン)) [Armed Alchemy], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 34:

     オレはこいつと決(けっ)着(ちゃく)をつけると約(やく)束(そく)した‼約(やく)束(そく)したんだ‼

     Ore wa koitsu to ketchaku o tsukeru to yakusoku shita‼ Yakusoku shitan da‼

     I promised to settle with him‼ I made a promise‼

2. make an appointment or engagement
3. be predestined, wait

Conjugation

Conjugation of "約束する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	約束し	やくそくし	yakusoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	約束し	やくそくし	yakusoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	約束する	やくそくする	yakusoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	約束する	やくそくする	yakusoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	約束すれ	やくそくすれ	yakusoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	約束せよ¹ 約束しろ²	やくそくせよ¹ やくそくしろ²	yakusoku seyo¹ yakusoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	約束される	やくそくされる	yakusoku sareru
Causative	約束させる 約束さす	やくそくさせる やくそくさす	yakusoku saseru yakusoku sasu
Potential	約束できる	やくそくできる	yakusoku dekiru
Volitional	約束しよう	やくそくしよう	yakusoku shiyō
Negative	約束しない	やくそくしない	yakusoku shinai
Negative continuative	約束せず	やくそくせず	yakusoku sezu
Formal	約束します	やくそくします	yakusoku shimasu
Perfective	約束した	やくそくした	yakusoku shita
Conjunctive	約束して	やくそくして	yakusoku shite
Hypothetical conditional	約束すれば	やくそくすれば	yakusoku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

See also

• 予約(よやく) (yoyaku)
• ランデブー (randebū)

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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Korean

Hanja in this term
約	束

Noun

約束 • (yaksok) (hangeul 약속)

1. Hanja form^? of 약속 (“promise”).