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自殺

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 自杀

Chinese

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self to kill; to murder; to slaughter
trad. (自殺)
simp. (自杀)
alternative forms ZS Internet euphemism

Etymology

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The sense of "cutting a fruit" is influenced by Hokkien (thâi, to cut open or to kill).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 2/2
Initial () (15) (21)
Final () (15) (75)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III II
Fanqie
Baxter dzijH sreat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ziɪH/ /ʃˠɛt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡ziH/ /ʃᵚæt̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡zjɪH/ /ʃæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡ziH/ /ʂəɨt̚/
Li
Rong
/d͡ziH/ /ʃɛt̚/
Wang
Li
/d͡ziH/ /ʃæt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/d͡zʱiH/ /ʂat̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
sha
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zi6 saat3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shā
Middle
Chinese
‹ dzijH › ‹ dzijH › ‹ srɛt ›
Old
Chinese
/*s.[b]i[t]-s/ /*s.[b]i[t]-s/ /*s<r>at/
English self (adv.) to follow; from kill

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 2/2
No. 17879 11010
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɦljids/ /*sreːd/

Verb

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自殺

  1. (intransitive) to commit suicide; to kill oneself; to take one's own life
    Coordinate term: 他殺 / 他杀 (tāshā)
    服毒自殺服毒自杀  ―  fúdú zìshā  ―  to commit suicide by taking poison
    自殺行為自杀行为  ―  zìshā xíngwéi  ―  suicidal behavior
    自殺危機自杀危机  ―  zìshā wēijī  ―  suicidal crisis
    自殺傾向自杀倾向  ―  zìshā qīngxiàng  ―  suicidality
    自殺經歷自杀经历  ―  zìshā jīnglì  ―  lived experience of suicide
    割腕自殺割腕自杀  ―  gēwàn zìshā  ―  to commit suicide by cutting one's wrists
    去年自殺去年自杀  ―  Tā qùnián zìshā le.  ―  He took his own life last year.
    應該媒體報導關於自殺新聞 [MSC, trad.]
    应该媒体报导关于自杀新闻 [MSC, simp.]
    Yīnggāi zài méitǐ zhōng bàodǎo guānyú zìshā de xīnwén ma? [Pinyin]
    Should suicides be reported in news media?
  2. (Taiwan, slang) (of the buyer) to cut a fruit, etc., especially a pineapple oneself (instead of asking the vendor to do it)
    Coordinate term: 他殺 / 他杀 (tāshā)

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (自殺):
  • Japanese: ()(さつ) (jisatsu)
  • Korean: 자살(自殺) (jasal)
  • Vietnamese: tự sát (自殺)

Japanese

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
さつ
Grade: 5
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
自殺 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 自殺する
Plain 自殺する さつ・す [jìsátsú sùrú]
Conjunctive 自殺して さつ・し [jìsátsú shìté]
Perfective 自殺した さつ・し [jìsátsú shìtá]
Negative 自殺しない さつ・しない [jìsátsú shìnáí]
Negative perfective 自殺しなかった さつ・しかった [jìsátsú shìnáꜜkàttà]
Hypothetical conditional 自殺すれば さつ・す [jìsátsú sùréꜜbà]
Past conditional 自殺したら さつ・し [jìsátsú shìtáꜜrà]
Imperative 自殺しろ
自殺せよ
さつ・し
さつ
[jìsátsú shìró]
[jìsátsú séꜜyò]
Volitional 自殺しよう さつ・し [jìsátsú shìyóꜜò]
Desiderative 自殺したい さつ・したい [jìsátsú shìtáí]
Formal 自殺します さつ・し [jìsátsú shìmáꜜsù]
Formal negative 自殺しません さつ・しませ [jìsátsú shìmáséꜜǹ]
Formal volitional 自殺しましょう さつ・しましょ [jìsátsú shìmáshóꜜò]
Formal perfective 自殺しました さつ・しした [jìsátsú shìmáꜜshìtà]
Continuative 自殺し
自殺しに
さつ・し
さつ・し
[jìsátsú shì]
[jìsátsú shì ní]
Negative continuative 自殺せず
自殺せずに
さつ
さつずに
[jìsátsú séꜜzù]
[jìsátsú séꜜzù nì]
Passive 自殺される さつ・される [jìsátsú sàrérú]
Causative 自殺させる
自殺さす
さつ・させる
さつ・さ
[jìsátsú sàsérú]
[jìsátsú sàsú]
Potential 自殺できる さつ・で [jìsátsú dèkíꜜrù]

Noun

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()(さつ) (jisatsu

  1. suicide

Coordinate terms

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Derived terms

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Verb

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()(さつ)する (jisatsu suruintransitive suru (stem ()(さつ) (jisatsu shi), past ()(さつ)した (jisatsu shita))

  1. to commit suicide

Conjugation

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Conjugation of "自殺する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 自殺し じさつし jisatsu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 自殺し じさつし jisatsu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 自殺する じさつする jisatsu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 自殺する じさつする jisatsu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 自殺すれ じさつすれ jisatsu sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 自殺せよ¹
自殺しろ²
じさつせよ¹
じさつしろ²
jisatsu seyo¹
jisatsu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 自殺される じさつされる jisatsu sareru
Causative 自殺させる
自殺さす
じさつさせる
じさつさす
jisatsu saseru
jisatsu sasu
Potential 自殺できる じさつできる jisatsu dekiru
Volitional 自殺しよう じさつしよう jisatsu shiyō
Negative 自殺しない じさつしない jisatsu shinai
Negative continuative 自殺せず じさつせず jisatsu sezu
Formal 自殺します じさつします jisatsu shimasu
Perfective 自殺した じさつした jisatsu shita
Conjunctive 自殺して じさつして jisatsu shite
Hypothetical conditional 自殺すれば じさつすれば jisatsu sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja in this term

Noun

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自殺 (jasal) (hangeul 자살)

  1. hanja form? of 자살 (suicide)

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Verb

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自殺

  1. chữ Hán form of tự sát (to commit suicide)