自殺
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See also: 自杀
Chinese
[edit]self | to kill; to murder; to slaughter | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (自殺) | 自 | 殺 | |
simp. (自杀) | 自 | 杀 | |
alternative forms | ZS Internet euphemism |
Etymology
[edit]The sense of "cutting a fruit" is influenced by Hokkien 刣 (thâi, “to cut open or to kill”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zi4 sa2
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zi6 saat3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ-sat
- Jin (Wiktionary): zi3 sah4
- Eastern Min (BUC): cê̤ṳ-sák
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6zy-saq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄕㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zìhsha
- Wade–Giles: tzŭ4-sha1
- Yale: dz̀-shā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhsha
- Palladius: цзыша (czyša)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zi4 sa2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zsa
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sz̩²¹³ sa²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zi6 saat3
- Yale: jih saat
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzi6 saat8
- Guangdong Romanization: ji6 sad3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siː²² saːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ-sat
- Hakka Romanization System: cii sadˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ci4 sad5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ sat̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: zi3 sah4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁴⁵ saʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cê̤ṳ-sák
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵³ (s-)lɑʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Penang)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīr-sat
- Tâi-lô: tsīr-sat
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² sat̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chī-sat
- Tâi-lô: tsī-sat
- Phofsit Daibuun: cixsad
- IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /t͡si⁴¹⁻²² sat̚⁵/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ze6 suah4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsṳ̆ suah
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ suaʔ²/
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: dzijH sreat
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[b]i[t]-s s<r>at/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljids sreːd/
Verb
[edit]自殺
- (intransitive) to commit suicide; to kill oneself; to take one's own life
- Coordinate term: 他殺/他杀 (tāshā)
- 服毒自殺/服毒自杀 ― fúdú zìshā ― to commit suicide by taking poison
- 自殺行為/自杀行为 ― zìshā xíngwéi ― suicidal behavior
- 自殺危機/自杀危机 ― zìshā wēijī ― suicidal crisis
- 自殺意念/自杀意念 ― zìshā yìniàn ― suicidal ideation
- 自殺傾向/自杀倾向 ― zìshā qīngxiàng ― suicidality
- 自殺經歷/自杀经历 ― zìshā jīnglì ― lived experience of suicide
- 割腕自殺/割腕自杀 ― gēwàn zìshā ― to commit suicide by cutting one's wrists
- 他去年自殺了。/他去年自杀了。 ― Tā qùnián zìshā le. ― He took his own life last year.
- (Taiwan, slang) (of the buyer) to cut a fruit, etc., especially a pineapple oneself (instead of asking the vendor to do it)
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 自殺 (“to commit suicide”) [map]
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
自 | 殺 |
じ Grade: 2 |
さつ Grade: 5 |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
自殺 (kyūjitai) |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- suicide
- 1988 July 30 [1983 December 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “四畳半SL旅行 [Yojōhan SL Travel]”, in ひとりぼっちの宇宙戦争 [The One-Man Cosmic War] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 1), 16th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 127:
- パパがあまいからですよ。
- Papa ga amai kara desu yo.
- You’re too easy on him, honey.
- Daga na, kibishiku shite iede ya jisatsu demo sarete wa na.
- If I were to be tough on him, he would run away and kill himself.
- Sō ne. Anna kawatta ko desu kara ne……….
- You’re right. He’s such a peculiar child....
- パパがあまいからですよ。
Coordinate terms
[edit]- 他殺 (tasatsu)
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
Verb
[edit]自殺する • (jisatsu suru) suru (stem 自殺し (jisatsu shi), past 自殺した (jisatsu shita))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "自殺する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 自殺し | じさつし | jisatsu shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 自殺し | じさつし | jisatsu shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 自殺する | じさつする | jisatsu suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 自殺する | じさつする | jisatsu suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 自殺すれ | じさつすれ | jisatsu sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 自殺せよ¹ 自殺しろ² |
じさつせよ¹ じさつしろ² |
jisatsu seyo¹ jisatsu shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 自殺される | じさつされる | jisatsu sareru | |
Causative | 自殺させる 自殺さす |
じさつさせる じさつさす |
jisatsu saseru jisatsu sasu | |
Potential | 自殺できる | じさつできる | jisatsu dekiru | |
Volitional | 自殺しよう | じさつしよう | jisatsu shiyō | |
Negative | 自殺しない | じさつしない | jisatsu shinai | |
Negative continuative | 自殺せず | じさつせず | jisatsu sezu | |
Formal | 自殺します | じさつします | jisatsu shimasu | |
Perfective | 自殺した | じさつした | jisatsu shita | |
Conjunctive | 自殺して | じさつして | jisatsu shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 自殺すれば | じさつすれば | jisatsu sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
自 | 殺 |
Noun
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
自 | 殺 |
Verb
[edit]自殺
Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
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