虧

See also: 亏

虧 U+2F9B5, 虧 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F9B5 ← 虜 [U+2F9B4] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 虩 → [U+2F9B6]

Translingual

Han character

虧 (Kangxi radical 141, 虍+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜土一一尸 (YGMMS), four-corner 2122₇, composition ⿰雐亏(GHTV) or ⿰雐亐(JK))

Derived characters

• 𡓰, 𧃷, 𣌉, 𩆾

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1075, character 42
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32770
• Dae Jaweon: page 1544, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2830, character 14
• Unihan data for U+8667

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Chinese

trad.		虧
simp.		亏*

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 虧
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (虍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
唬	*qʰraːs, *kʷraːɡ
戲	*qʰral, *qʰrals, *qʰaː
巇	*qʰra
隵	*qʰra
嚱	*qʰras
盧	*b·raː
鑪	*raː
壚	*raː
籚	*raː
蘆	*raː, *ra
顱	*b·raː
髗	*b·raː
鱸	*raː
攎	*raː
櫨	*raː
轤	*raː
黸	*raː
獹	*raː
鸕	*raː
艫	*raː
纑	*raː
瀘	*raː
瓐	*raː
爐	*raː
嚧	*raː
矑	*b·raː
罏	*raː
蠦	*raː
虜	*raːʔ
擄	*raːʔ
艣	*raːʔ
鐪	*raːʔ
虖	*qʰaː, *qʰʷa, *qʰaː, *qʰʷa
虍	*qʰaː
雐	*qʰʷlaː
虎	*qʰlaːʔ
琥	*qʰlaːʔ
萀	*qʰlaːʔ
臚	*b·ra
廬	*ra
驢	*b·ra
藘	*ra
爈	*ra, *ras
櫖	*ra, *ras
儢	*raʔ
慮	*ras
勴	*ras
鑢	*ras
濾	*ras
攄	*r̥ʰa
處	*kʰljaʔ, *kʰljas
豦	*kas, *ɡa
據	*kas
鐻	*kas, *ɡa, *ɡaʔ
澽	*kas, *ɡas
虛	*kʰa, *qʰa
墟	*kʰa
懅	*ɡa
蘧	*ɡa, *ɡʷa
籧	*ɡa
醵	*ɡa, *ɡas, *ɡaɡ
璩	*ɡa
虡	*ɡaʔ
遽	*ɡas
勮	*ɡas
噓	*qʰa, *qʰas
驉	*qʰa
歔	*qʰa
魖	*qʰa
膚	*pla
虧	*kʰʷral
噱	*ɡaɡ
臄	*ɡaɡ
劇	*ɡaɡ
諕	*qʰʷraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰʷral) : phonetic 雐 (OC *qʰʷlaː) + semantic 亏 (“exhale”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuī (kui¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄟ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kwai¹
• Northern Min (KCR): kṳ́
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khui

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kui¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuī
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄟ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuei
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuei¹
    • Yale: kwēi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuei
    • Palladius: куй (kuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kwai¹
    • Yale: kwāi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kwai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: kuei¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐi̯⁵⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kṳ́
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰy⁵⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khui
    • Tâi-lô: khui
    • Phofsit Daibuun: quy
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰui⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰui³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰui⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰui⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰui⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kui¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰui³³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 虧
Mandarin	Beijing	/kʰuei⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/kʰuei⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/kʰuei²¹/
	Jinan	/kʰuei²¹³/
	Qingdao	/kʰue²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/kʰuei²⁴/
	Xi'an	/kʰuei²¹/
	Xining	/kʰuɨ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kʰuei⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/kʰuei³¹/
	Ürümqi	/kʰuei⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/kʰuei⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/kʰuei⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/kʰuei⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/kʰuei⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/kʰuəi³¹/
	Hefei	/kʰue²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kʰuei¹¹/
	Pingyao	/kʰuei¹³/
	Hohhot	/kʰuei³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕʰy⁵³/ /kʰue⁵³/
	Suzhou	/kʰue̞⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/kʰui³³/
	Wenzhou	/kʰai³³/
Hui	Shexian	/kʰue³¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕʰye¹¹/ /kʰue¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/kʰuei³³/
	Xiangtan	/kʰuəi³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/kʰui⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰui⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/kʰui²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kʰwɐi⁵³/
	Nanning	/kʰʷɐi⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kʰwɐi⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kʰui⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kʰuoi⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/kʰy⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/kʰui³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/xui²³/

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• Middle Chinese: khjwe

Rime
Character	虧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	支 (14)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	去爲切
Baxter	khjwe
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠiuᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰʷᵚiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiuɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰjwiə̆/
Li Rong	/kʰjue/
Wang Li	/kʰǐwe/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰwie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fai1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʷʰ(r)aj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷral/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	虧
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuī
Middle Chinese	‹ khjwe ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ʷʰ(r)aj/
English	diminish
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	虧
Reading #	1/1
No.	5278
Phonetic component	虍
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	虧
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷral/
Notes	說文虍聲，觀聲母圓脣則於亦聲

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 虧

1. to be lacking; to be deficient
2. to have a deficit
3. to treat unfairly
4. luckily; fortunately
5. used to show irony with a note of reproach

Antonyms

• (to have a deficit): (literary, or in compounds) 盈 (yíng)

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Japanese

Kanji

虧

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. wane (moon)

Readings

• On (unclassified): き (ki)
• Kun: かける (kakeru)

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Korean

Hanja

虧 • (hyu) (hangeul 휴, revised hyu, McCune–Reischauer hyu, Yale hyu)

1. lose, fail
2. damage
3. deficient

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 虧 (khuy, khuya, khuây)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.