Jump to content

驢

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 驴
驢 U+9A62, 驢
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9A62
← 驡
[U+9A61] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 驣 →
[U+9A63]

Translingual

[edit]
Traditional 驢
Shinjitai
(extended) 		馿
Simplified 驴

Han character

[edit]

驢 (Kangxi radical 187, 馬+16, 26 strokes, Cangjie input 尸火卜心廿 (SFYPT), four-corner 71317, composition ⿰馬盧)

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1446, character 40
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45069
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1972, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4583, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+9A62

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 驢
simp. 驴
alternative forms 馿
𩢉
䮫／𩨇
𩧥

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character 驢
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (虍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
唬 *qʰraːs, *kʷraːɡ
戲 *qʰral, *qʰrals, *qʰaː
巇 *qʰra
隵 *qʰra
嚱 *qʰras
盧 *b·raː
鑪 *raː
壚 *raː
籚 *raː
蘆 *raː, *ra
顱 *b·raː
髗 *b·raː
鱸 *raː
攎 *raː
櫨 *raː
轤 *raː
黸 *raː
獹 *raː
鸕 *raː
艫 *raː
纑 *raː
瀘 *raː
瓐 *raː
爐 *raː
嚧 *raː
矑 *b·raː
罏 *raː
蠦 *raː
虜 *raːʔ
擄 *raːʔ
艣 *raːʔ
鐪 *raːʔ
虖 *qʰaː, *qʰʷa, *qʰaː, *qʰʷa
虍 *qʰaː
雐 *qʰʷlaː
虎 *qʰlaːʔ
琥 *qʰlaːʔ
萀 *qʰlaːʔ
臚 *b·ra
廬 *ra
驢 *b·ra
藘 *ra
爈 *ra, *ras
櫖 *ra, *ras
儢 *raʔ
慮 *ras
勴 *ras
鑢 *ras
濾 *ras
攄 *r̥ʰa
處 *kʰljaʔ, *kʰljas
豦 *kas, *ɡa
據 *kas
鐻 *kas, *ɡa, *ɡaʔ
澽 *kas, *ɡas
虛 *kʰa, *qʰa
墟 *kʰa
懅 *ɡa
蘧 *ɡa, *ɡʷa
籧 *ɡa
醵 *ɡa, *ɡas, *ɡaɡ
璩 *ɡa
虡 *ɡaʔ
遽 *ɡas
勮 *ɡas
噓 *qʰa, *qʰas
驉 *qʰa
歔 *qʰa
魖 *qʰa
膚 *pla
虧 *kʰʷral
噱 *ɡaɡ
臄 *ɡaɡ
劇 *ɡaɡ
諕 *qʰʷraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *b·ra): semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 盧 (OC *b·raː).

Etymology

[edit]

Possibly from an Iranian language, such as Avestan 𐬑𐬀𐬭𐬀 (xara, “donkey”) (Abedi et al., 2024a, 2024b).

Pronunciation

[edit]
Note: lou4 - Hong Kong.
Note:
  • Jiading, Songjiang:
    • 2lu - vernacular;
    • 2liu - literary.
  • Shaoxing:
    • 2li - vernacular;
    • 2lu - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 驢
Mandarin Beijing /ly³⁵/
Harbin /ly²⁴/
Tianjin /luei⁴⁵/
/ly⁴⁵/
Jinan /ly⁴²/
Qingdao /ly⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ly⁴²/
Xi'an /ly²⁴/
Xining /l̩ʷ²⁴/
Yinchuan /ly⁵³/
Lanzhou /ly⁵³/
Ürümqi /ly⁵¹/
Wuhan /ny²¹³/
Chengdu /nu³¹/
/ny³¹/
Guiyang /ni²¹/
Kunming /lu³¹/
Nanjing /ly²⁴/
Hefei /zz̩ʷ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ly¹¹/
Pingyao /luei¹³/
Hohhot /ly³¹/
Wu Shanghai /lu²³/
Suzhou /li¹³/
Hangzhou /lu²¹³/
Wenzhou /løy³¹/
Hui Shexian /ly⁴⁴/
Tunxi /li⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /li¹³/
Xiangtan /ni¹²/
Gan Nanchang /li⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /lu¹¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /løy²¹/
Nanning /ly²¹/
Hong Kong /løy²¹/
/lou²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lu³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /lœ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ly³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /lɯ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /lu³¹/
Rime
Character 驢
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 力居切
Baxter ljo
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/liɔ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/liɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lɨə̆/
Li
Rong 		/liɔ/
Wang
Li 		/lĭo/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/li̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lǘ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		leoi4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 驢
Reading # 1/1
No. 5236
Phonetic
component 		虍
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		臚
Old
Chinese 		/*b·ra/

Definitions

[edit]
驢/驴

驢

  1. donkey; ass (Classifier: 頭／头 m; 條／条 m; 匹 m; 隻／只 c mn)
  2. (Mandarin, derogatory) stupid; foolish; dumb
  3. a surname

Synonyms

[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 驢子 (“donkey; ass (a domestic animal)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 驢, 驢子, 毛驢
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 驢, 毛驢兒
Taiwan 驢子
Chengde 驢
Chifeng 驢
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 驢, 毛驢
Heihe 驢兒, 毛驢兒
Qiqihar 驢, 驢子, 毛驢兒
Harbin 驢, 驢子, 毛驢兒, 毛驢子
Jiamusi 驢, 毛驢子, 毛驢兒
Baicheng 驢
Changchun 驢
Tonghua 驢
Shenyang 驢
Jinzhou 驢, 驢子, 毛驢子, 毛驢兒
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 驢
Tangshan 驢, 毛驢子
Cangzhou 驢
Baoding 驢
Shijiazhuang 驢
Lijin 驢
Jinan 驢, 毛驢兒
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 驢
Dandong 驢, 毛驢, 毛驢子, 毛驢兒
Yantai 驢
Yantai (Muping) 驢
Qingdao 驢, 毛驢
Zhucheng 驢
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 驢, 毛驢兒, 小毛驢兒
Lingbao 驢
Jining 驢
Wanrong 驢
Linfen 驢
Shangqiu 驢
Yuanyang 驢
Zhengzhou 驢
Xinyang 驢
Ankang 驢子
Ankang (Xianhe, Hanbin) 驢子
Baihe 驢子
Baihe (Maoping) 驢子
Xi'an 驢
Baoji 驢
Tianshui 驢
Xining 驢, 毛驢兒, 尕驢兒
Dunhuang (Hedong dialect) 驢
Xuzhou 驢
Fuyang 驢
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 驢
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 毛驢
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 驢
Lanzhou 驢
Hami 驢
Ürümqi 驢, 毛驢子
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 驢子
Nanchong 驢子
Dazhou 驢兒
Hanyuan 驢子
Xichang 驢, 毛驢子
Zigong 驢子
Chongqing 驢子
Wuhan 驢, 驢子
Yichang 驢, 驢子
Xiangyang 驢子
Tianmen 驢, 驢子
Guiyang 驢子
Zunyi 驢子
Bijie 毛驢子
Liping 驢子
Zhaotong 毛驢驢
Dali 毛驢驢
Kunming 驢, 驢子, 毛驢子
Mengzi 毛驢兒
Guilin 驢, 驢子
Liuzhou 驢, 驢子, 馬驢
Nanning (Wuming) 驢
Jishou 驢
Changde 驢子
Shiquan 驢子
Ziyang 驢子
Hanzhong 驢
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 驢子, 毛驢
Yangzhou 驢子, 毛驢
Lianyungang 驢, 毛驢
Lianshui 驢
Nantong 驢子
Anqing 驢子
Wuhu 驢子
Hefei 老驢, 驢子, 毛驢子
Hong'an 驢子
Cantonese Guangzhou 驢
Hong Kong 驢
Yangjiang 驢
Nanning 驢
Nanning (Tanka) 驢
Wuzhou 驢
Yulin 驢
Hepu (Lianzhou) 驢
Gan Nanchang 驢, 驢狗子
Pengze 驢子
Lichuan 驢仔
Pingxiang 驢狗子
Ankang (Niuti) 驢子, 驢驢子
Hakka Meixian 驢, 驢仔
Xingning 驢哩
Yudu 驢子
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 驢仔
Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) 驢仔
Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) 驢仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 驢仔
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 驢
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 驢仔
Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) 驢
Huizhou Jixi 毛驢
Shexian 驢
Jin Taiyuan 毛驢, 驢兒
Yangyuan 驢
Datong 驢, 毛驢
Xinzhou 驢
Lüliang (Lishi) 驢兒
Changzhi 驢
Linhe 驢, 毛驢
Jining 驢
Hohhot 驢
Erenhot 驢
Pingshan 驢
Zhangjiakou 驢, 毛驢
Handan 驢
Linzhou 驢
Suide 驢
Northern Min Jian'ou 驢
Eastern Min Fuzhou 驢
Fuqing 驢
Southern Min Xiamen 驢
Zhao'an 驢仔
Taipei 驢仔
New Taipei (Tamsui) 驢仔
New Taipei (Sanxia) 驢仔
New Taipei (Pingxi) 驢仔
Kaohsiung 驢仔
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 驢仔
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 驢仔
Yilan 驢仔
Yilan (Luodong) 驢仔
Yilan (Toucheng) 驢仔
Changhua (Lukang) 驢仔
Changhua (Yongjing) 驢仔
Taichung 驢仔
Tainan 驢仔
Hsinchu 驢仔
Chiayi 驢仔
Chiayi County (Dongshi) 驢仔
Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) 驢仔
Kinmen 驢
Penghu (Magong) 驢
Penghu (Xiyu) 驢
Singapore (Hokkien) 驢
Chaozhou 驢
Puxian Min Putian 驢馱, 驢犅
Xianyou 驢馱, 驢犅
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 驢
Wu Shanghai 驢子
Shanghai (Songjiang) 驢子
Shanghai (Jiading) 驢子
Shanghai (Chongming) 驢
Suzhou 驢子
Danyang 驢子
Hangzhou 驢狗兒
Hangzhou (Fuyang) 驢
Shaoxing 驢, 驢狗
Wenzhou 驢兒
Jinhua 驢狗兒
Xiang Changsha 驢子, 叫驢子
Shuangfeng 驢子, 毛驢子
Hengyang 驢子
Quanzhou 驢子

Compounds

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
  • → Khmer: លា (liə)
  • → Lao: ລາ (lā)
  • → Middle Vietnamese: 驢 (lừa)
  • → Thai: ลา (laa)

References

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]
Shinjitai
(extended) 		馿
Print
standard 		驢

Kanji

[edit]
驢

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. donkey

Readings

[edit]
  • Go-on: りょ (ryo)
  • Kan-on: ろ (ro)
  • Kun: うさぎうま (usagiuma, 驢)

Compounds

[edit]
  • 海驢 (ashika, “sea lion”)

Etymology 1

[edit]
Kanji in this term
驢
うさぎうま
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Rare alternative spelling of 兎馬 (usagiuma).[1][2][3]

Definitions

[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 驢 – see the following entry.
【兎馬うさぎうま】
[noun] [from 720] donkey
Alternative spelling
兔馬
【兎馬うさぎま】
[noun] [720–??] (obsolete) donkey
Alternative spelling
兔馬
(This term, 驢, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

[edit]
Kanji in this term
驢
ろ
Hyōgai
kan'on

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 驢 (MC ljo). First attested in Japanese in the Man'yōshū of 759.[4]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Affix

[edit]

驢(ろ) • (ro) 

  1. donkey
Derived terms
[edit]
  • 驢馬 (roba, “donkey”)
  • 驢背 (rohai, “donkey-back, riding on a donkey”)
  • 驢鳴 (romei, “a donkey's bray, braying”)
  • 驢鳴犬吠 (romei kenbai, “braying and barking: inconsequential noise that is not worth one's attention”)
  • 海驢 (kairo, “sea lion”)

Noun

[edit]

驢(ろ) • (ro) 

  1. [from 759] (uncommon) a donkey
Usage notes
[edit]

Seldom encountered in isolation in modern usage. More commonly expressed using the compound term 驢馬 (roba, “donkey”).

References

[edit]
  1. ^ “兎馬”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ “兎馬”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ “驢”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[3] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

驢 (eum 려 (ryeo), word-initial (South Korea) 여 (yeo))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Middle Vietnamese

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

[edit]

驢 (lừa)

  1. donkey, ass

Descendants

[edit]

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

驢: Hán Việt readings: lư[1][2][3][4]
驢: Nôm readings: lừa[1][2][3][4][5][6]

  1. chữ Nôm form of lừa (“donkey”)

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Trần (2004).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hồ (1976).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bonet (1899).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Génibrel (1898).
  5. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  6. ^ Nguyễn (2014).
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=驢&oldid=91461212"