梨

梨 U+68A8, 梨 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68A8 ← 梧 [U+68A7] CJK Unified Ideographs 梩 → [U+68A9]

梨 U+F9E2, 梨 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9E2 ← 李 [U+F9E1] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 泥 → [U+F9E3]

Translingual

Han character

梨 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓木 (HND) or 難竹弓木 (XHND), four-corner 2290₄, composition ⿱利木)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 530, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14873
• Dae Jaweon: page 918, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1215, character 10
• Unihan data for U+68A8

• Unihan data for U+F9E2

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Chinese

trad.		梨
simp. #		梨
alternative forms		棃 梸

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 梨
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (利) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
犁	*riːl, *ril
黎	*riːl
莉	*riːl, *r'il, *r'i
黧	*riːl
鯬	*riːl, *ril
筣	*riːl, *ri
蔾	*riːl, *ril
藜	*riːl
邌	*riːl
瓈	*riːl
鵹	*rel
棃	*ril
梨	*ril
蟍	*ril
蜊	*ril
鑗	*ril
利	*rids
痢	*rids
浰	*riːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ril) : phonetic 利 (OC *rids) + semantic 木.

Etymology

Unknown. Also found in Proto-Hmong-Mien *rəj; folk etymology derives this from 利 (OC *rids, “sharp”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Definitions

梨

(deprecated template usage) 梨

1. pear (Classifier: 個／个 m c; 隻／只 c)
2. ^† (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 剺 (lí, “to cut”).

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 梨 (“pear”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		梨
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		梨, 梨子
Taxonomic name		梨
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	梨
	Taiwan	梨子
	Chifeng	梨
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	梨
	Harbin	梨
	Shenyang	梨
	Singapore	梨
	Olginsky (Mikhaylovka)	梨果兒
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	梨
	Tangshan	梨
	Cangzhou	梨
	Baoding	梨
	Shijiazhuang	梨
	Jinan	梨
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	梨, 洋梨
	Qingdao	梨
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	梨
	Wanrong	梨
	Zhengzhou	梨
	Xi'an	梨
	Xining	梨兒, 梨
	Xuzhou	梨, 梨子
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	梨兒
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	梨
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	梨
	Lanzhou	梨
	Ürümqi	香梨, 梨子, 梨
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	梨兒, 梨子
	Chongqing	梨兒
	Wuhan	梨子, 梨
	Guiyang	梨, 梨子
	Kunming	梨兒
	Guilin	梨子
	Liuzhou	梨子, 沙梨
	Dagudi (Maliba)	梨果
	Reshuitang (Longling)	梨果
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	梨果
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	梨
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	梨
	Yangzhou	梨子, 梨
	Nantong	梨子
	Hefei	梨子, 梨
Cantonese	Guangzhou	梨
	Hong Kong	梨
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	梨
	Macau	梨
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	梨
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	梨
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	梨
	Foshan	梨
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	梨
	Foshan (Shunde)	梨
	Foshan (Sanshui)	梨
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	梨
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	梨
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	梨
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	梨
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	梨
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	梨
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	梨
	Taishan	梨
	Kaiping (Chikan)	梨
	Enping (Niujiang)	梨
	Heshan (Yayao)	梨
	Dongguan	梨
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	梨
	Yangjiang	梨
	Danzhou	梨
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	梨
Gan	Nanchang	梨
	Lichuan	梨仔
	Pingxiang	梨子
Hakka	Meixian	梨仔
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	梨
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	梨
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	梨
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	梨
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	梨
	Wengyuan	梨
	Liannan	梨
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	梨
	Jiexi	梨
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	梨
	Changting	梨哩
	Wuping (Yanqian)	梨子
	Ninghua	梨子
	Yudu	梨
	Ningdu	梨子
	Tonggu (Sandu)	梨
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	梨
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	梨仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	梨仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	梨仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	梨
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	梨仔
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	梨
	Hong Kong	梨
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	梨
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	梨
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	梨
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	梨
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	梨
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	梨
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	梨
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	梨
	Mengshan (Xihe)	梨果
	Luchuan	梨
	Senai (Huiyang)	梨
Huizhou	Jixi	梨
	Shexian	雪梨
Jin	Taiyuan	梨兒
	Xinzhou	梨兒
	Linhe	梨
	Jining	梨
	Hohhot	梨
	Zhangjiakou	梨
	Handan	梨兒
Northern Min	Jian'ou	梨
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	梨
Southern Min	Xiamen	梨仔
	Quanzhou	梨仔
	Zhangzhou	梨仔
	Zhao'an	梨仔
	Taipei	梨仔
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	梨仔
	Kaohsiung	梨仔
	Yilan	梨仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	梨仔
	Taichung	梨仔
	Tainan	梨仔
	Hsinchu	梨仔
	Kinmen	梨
	Penghu (Magong)	梨仔
	Penang (Hokkien)	梨仔
	Singapore (Hokkien)	梨
	Manila (Hokkien)	梨仔
	Chaozhou	梨
	Bangkok (Teochew)	梨
	Chiang Mai (Teochew)	梨
	Hat Yai (Teochew)	梨
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	梨
	Singapore (Teochew)	梨
	Wenchang	梨
Puxian Min	Putian	梨
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	梨
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	梨
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	梨
	Xianyou	梨
	Xianyou (Fengting)	梨
	Xianyou (Youyang)	梨
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	梨
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	梨
Wu	Shanghai	生梨
	Shanghai (Chongming)	水梨
	Suzhou	梨
	Danyang	梨子
	Hangzhou	梨兒
	Ningbo	梨頭
	Wenzhou	消梨
	Jinhua	梨, 梨兒
Xiang	Changsha	梨子
	Loudi	梨子
	Shuangfeng	梨子

Descendants

• → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *rəj (“pear”)

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

梨

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. pear

Readings

• Go-on: り (ri)
• Kan-on: り (ri)
• Kan’yō-on: りん (rin)
• Kun: なし (nashi, 梨, Jōyō)
• Nanori: か (ka)

Etymology 1

梨 (nashi, ri, rin: the tree) and the fruit.

Kanji in this term
梨
なし Grade: 4
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese [Term?]. Derivation unclear, with numerous theories. Two of the more common are given below.

• May be originally a compound of 中 (na, “middle, center”, hypothesized root of modern naka) +‎ 白 (shiro, “white”) in reference to the pale flesh of the fruit.

*/na ɕiro/ → /naɕi/

• Alternatively, may be originally a compound of 中 (na, “middle, center”, hypothesized root of modern naka) +‎ 酢 (su, “sour, acidic”) in reference to the way the flavor of the fruit becomes more astringent closer to the core.

*/na su/ → /naɕi/

Alternative forms

• ナシ

Noun

梨(なし) or 梨(ナシ) • (nashi) 

1. a pear tree
2. a pear (the fruit)
3. more specifically, the Japanese pear or Asian pear, Pyrus pyrifolia

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 梨(なし)河(ふ)豚(ぐ) (nashifugu): the pear puffer: , syn.
• 梨子(なし)地(じ) (nashiji), 梨(なし)地(じ) (nashiji): nashiji, a lacquering technique using gold or silver powder or flakes

• 青梨(あおなし) (ao nashi): a Harbin pear, Ussurian pear, Chinese pear:
• 玄(けん)圃梨(ぽなし) (kenpo nashi): the Japanese raisin tree:
• 猿梨(さるなし) (saru nashi): the hardy kiwi, kiwi berry or tara vine:
• 西洋梨(せいようなし) (seiyō nashi): the European or Western pear: Pyrus communis
• 浜梨(はまなし) (hama nashi): the rugosa rose, Japanese rose, or Ramanas rose:
• 山梨(やまなし) (yama nashi): the wild nashi or wild Japanese pear:
• 山梨県(やまなしけん) (Yamanashi-ken): Yamanashi prefecture
• 洋梨(ようなし) (yōnashi): the European or Western pear: Pyrus communis
• 鰐梨(わになし) (wani nashi): the avocado or alligator pear: Persea americana

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ナシ.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
梨
り Grade: 4
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 梨 (*li). Compare modern Mandarin reading lí.

Affix

梨(り) • (ri) 

1. a pear tree
2. a pear (the fruit)
3. more specifically, the Japanese pear or Asian pear, Pyrus pyrifolia

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 梨(り)園(えん) (rien): the theatrical world, the world of the theater
• 梨(り)果(か) (rika): a pome
• 梨(り)花(か) (rika), 梨(り)華(か) (rika), 梨(り)英(か) (rika): pear flower, pear blossom
• 梨(り)状(じょう)筋(きん) (rijōkin): the piriformis muscle

• 阿(あ)闍(じゃ)梨(り) (ajari), 阿(あ)闍(ざ)梨(り) (azari): a high monk or high priest; a monk who conducts religious services; an initiate
• 頗(は)梨(り) (hari): quartz; glass
• 鳳(ほう)梨(り) (hōri): pineapple (obsolete)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
梨
りん Grade: 4
kan'yōon

Alteration of ri reading.

/ri/ → /rin/

Affix

梨(りん) • (rin) 

1. pear

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 花(か)梨(りん) (karin) the Burmese rosewood, angsana, amboyna: Pterocarpus indicus; the flowering quince: Pseudocydonia sinensis; the Chinese quince: ; the quince: Cydonia oblonga

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Korean

Hanja

梨 (eumhun 배나무 리 (baenamu ri), word-initial (South Korea) 배나무 이 (baenamu i))

1. Hanja form^? of 리 (“pear tree”).
2. Hanja form^? of 이 (“pear tree (South Korea)”).

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Vietnamese

Han character

梨: Hán Nôm readings: lê, lệ

1. chữ Hán form of lê (“pear”).
2. chữ Hán form of lệ (“pear”).