泥

泥 U+6CE5, 泥 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CE5 ← 泤 [U+6CE4] CJK Unified Ideographs 泦 → [U+6CE6]

Translingual

Han character

泥 (radical 85 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水尸心 (ESP), four-corner 3711₁, composition ⿰氵尼)

1. mud, mire
2. earth, clay
3. plaster

References

• KangXi: page 617, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17311
• Dae Jaweon: page 1012, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1595, character 8
• Unihan data for U+6CE5

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		泥
alt. forms		坭

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 泥
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (尼) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
泥	*niːl, *niːls
屔	*niːl
苨	*niːlʔ
坭	*niːlʔ
迡	*niːls
埿	*braːms, *niːl, *niːls
旎	*nilʔ
狔	*nilʔ
抳	*nilʔ
尼	*nil
呢	*nil
怩	*nil
柅	*nil, *nilʔ
蚭	*nil
跜	*nil
秜	*nil
痆	*rniːd
昵	*niɡ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): ní, nì, nǐ, niè, nìng (ni², ni⁴, ni³, nie⁴, ning⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧˊ, ㄋㄧˋ, ㄋㄧˇ, ㄋㄧㄝˋ, ㄋㄧㄥˋ

  (Chengdu, SP): nyi²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nai⁴, nei⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nài / nì
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): lê / nê / nî / lî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ni⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: ní
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˊ
    • Wade-Giles: nih²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ni
    • IPA ^(key): /ni³⁵/
    • 
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: nì
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˋ
    • Wade-Giles: nih⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nih
    • IPA ^(key): /ni⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: nǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˇ
    • Wade-Giles: nih³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nii
    • IPA ^(key): /ni²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: niè
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄝˋ
    • Wade-Giles: nieh⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nieh
    • IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛ⁵¹/
• • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: nyi²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ni
    • IPA ^(key): /nʲi²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: nai⁴, nei⁶
    • Yale: nàih, neih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nai⁴, nei⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: nei⁴, néi⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /nɐi̯²¹/, /nei̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nài / nì
    • Hakka Romanization System: naiˇ / niˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nai² / ni²
    • IPA: /na̯i¹¹/, /ni¹¹/

Note:

• nài - colloquial;
• nì - literary.

• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lê
    • Tâi-lô: lê
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lee
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /le²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nê
    • Tâi-lô: nê
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nee
    • IPA (Xiamen): /nẽ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî
    • Tâi-lô: nî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nii
    • IPA (Xiamen): /nĩ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /nĩ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lî
    • Tâi-lô: lî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lii
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /li²⁴/

Note:

• lê/nê - literary;
• nî/lî - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ni⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nî
  • IPA ^(key): /ni⁵⁵/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 泥
Mandarin	Beijing	/ni³⁵/
	Harbin	/ni²⁴/
	Tianjin	/ni⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ȵi⁴²/
	Qingdao	/ni⁴²/ /mi⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ni⁴²/
	Xi'an	/ni²⁴/
	Xining	/mji²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/mi⁵³/ /ni⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ȵi⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ȵi⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ni²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ȵi³¹/
	Guiyang	/ni²¹/
	Kunming	/ni³¹/
	Nanjing	/li²⁴/
	Hefei	/mz̩⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ni¹¹/ ～皮 /ni⁴⁵/ ～匠
	Pingyao	/ȵi¹³/ ～牆牆 /ȵi³⁵/ ～匠
	Hohhot	/ni³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ȵi²³/
	Suzhou	/ȵi¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ȵi²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ȵi³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/ni⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/ȵie⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/ȵi¹³/
	Xiangtan	/ȵi¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/ȵi⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/nai¹¹/ /ni¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/nɑi¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/nɐi²¹/
	Nanning	/nɐi²¹/
	Hong Kong	/nɐi²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/ne³⁵/ /ni³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/nɛ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/ni²¹/ /nai³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/nĩ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ni³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /nei/, /nei^H/▼

Rime
Character	泥	泥
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	奴低切	奴計切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nei/	/neiH/
Pan Wuyun	/nei/	/neiH/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛi/	/nɛiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛj/	/nɛjH/
Li Rong	/nei/	/neiH/
Wang Li	/niei/	/nieiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/niei/	/nieiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ní	nì

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*C.nˤ[əj]/, /*nˤər(ʔ)-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*niːl/, /*niːls/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	泥	泥
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ní	ní
Middle Chinese	‹ nej ›	‹ nejH ›
Old Chinese	/*C.nˤ[əj]/	/*nˤər(ʔ)-s/
English	mud	impeded, obstructed (Lunyu)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泥	泥
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	9417	9421
Phonetic component	尼	尼
Rime group	脂	脂
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	泥	泥
Old Chinese	/*niːl/	/*niːls/

Definitions

泥

1. dirt (Classifier: 嚿 c; 坺 c)

   玩泥巴  ―  wán níbā  ―  play in the dirt

   一嚿泥 [Cantonese]  ―  jat¹ gau⁶ nai⁴ [Jyutping]  ―  a clod of earth

2. mud

   軟泥 / 软泥  ―  ruǎnní  ―  soft mud

3. clay

   泥娃娃  ―  níwáwá  ―  clay doll

4. any mush-like substance

   薯泥  ―  shǔní  ―  mashed potato

   泥膠 / 泥胶  ―  níjiāo  ―  Blu-Tack

   鷹嘴豆泥 / 鹰嘴豆泥  ―  yīngzuǐdòuní  ―  hummus

Compounds

Derived terms from 泥

• 一丸泥
• 丸泥
• 判若雲泥／判若云泥
• 削鐵如泥／削铁如泥
• 印泥 (yìnní)
• 叉灰泥
• 和稀泥
• 困處泥塗／困处泥涂
• 土泥
• 垢泥
• 壁上泥皮
• 如泥
• 封泥
• 帶水拖泥／带水拖泥
• 抹稀泥
• 拖泥帶水／拖泥带水 (tuōnídàishuǐ)
• 拘泥 (jūnì)
• 排泥閥／排泥阀
• 敷彩泥塑
• 曳尾泥塗／曳尾泥涂
• 木雕泥塑
• 末泥
• 棗泥／枣泥
• 水泥 (shuǐní)
• 水泥叢林／水泥丛林
• 水泥漆
• 水泥熟料
• 水泥船
• 汙泥／污泥
• 油泥 (yóuní)
• 沼泥
• 泡沫水泥
• 泥中
• 泥中刺
• 泥中隱刺／泥中隐刺
• 泥丸 (níwán)
• 泥人 (nírén)
• 泥人張／泥人张
• 泥古
• 泥古不化
• 泥古非今
• 泥土 (nítǔ)
• 泥地
• 泥坑
• 泥坯
• 泥垢 (nígòu)
• 泥垣宮／泥垣宫
• 泥堆
• 泥塑
• 泥塑木雕
• 泥塗／泥涂
• 泥塘

• 泥塞竹管
• 泥多佛大
• 泥娃娃 (níwáwa)
• 泥子
• 泥孩兒／泥孩儿
• 泥封
• 泥封函谷
• 泥崩
• 泥工
• 泥巴 (níbā)
• 泥掌
• 泥板岩 (níbǎnyán)
• 泥水 (níshuǐ)
• 泥水匠
• 泥水工
• 泥水自蔽
• 泥汙／泥污
• 泥沙 (níshā)
• 泥沙俱下
• 泥沼 (nízhǎo)
• 泥活字
• 泥流 (níliú)
• 泥淖
• 泥滓
• 泥滯／泥滞
• 泥漿／泥浆 (níjiāng)
• 泥潦
• 泥濘／泥泞 (nínìng)
• 泥火山
• 泥灰
• 泥灶
• 泥炭
• 泥煤
• 泥牆／泥墙
• 泥版
• 泥牛
• 泥牛入海 (níniú-rùhǎi)
• 泥犁
• 泥瓦匠
• 泥療／泥疗
• 泥盆紀／泥盆纪 (Nípénjì)
• 泥石流 (níshíliú)
• 泥磚／泥砖
• 泥窗
• 泥肥
• 泥胎
• 泥胎兒／泥胎儿
• 泥腳／泥脚
• 泥腿
• 泥腿光棍
• 泥船渡河

• 泥蟠
• 泥豬／泥猪
• 泥豬瓦狗／泥猪瓦狗
• 泥足巨人
• 泥酒
• 泥醉
• 泥金
• 泥金帖子
• 泥金箋／泥金笺
• 泥鞋窄襪／泥鞋窄袜
• 泥頭／泥头
• 泥頭酒／泥头酒
• 泥飯碗／泥饭碗
• 泥飲／泥饮
• 泥首
• 泥馬／泥马
• 泥鰍／泥鳅 (níqiū)
• 泥鰻／泥鳗
• 泥點兒／泥点儿
• 泥龍／泥龙
• 洗泥
• 淈泥
• 淤泥 (yūní)
• 滯泥／滞泥
• 滯滯泥泥／滞滞泥泥
• 澄泥硯／澄泥砚
• 火泥
• 爐石水泥／炉石水泥
• 爛泥／烂泥 (lànní)
• 爛醉如泥／烂醉如泥
• 牆上泥皮／墙上泥皮
• 砍鐵如泥／砍铁如泥
• 稀泥
• 紫泥
• 紫泥封
• 綠泥石／绿泥石
• 罡神泥鬼
• 膠泥／胶泥
• 臭泥
• 芋泥 (yùní)
• 蒜泥 (suànní)
• 醉如泥
• 金泥
• 鋼骨水泥／钢骨水泥
• 障泥
• 雪泥鴻爪／雪泥鸿爪
• 雲泥／云泥
• 雲泥之別／云泥之别
• 雲泥異路／云泥异路
• 霑泥絮
• 青泥

References

• (Hakka) Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) ISBN 962-201-750-9.
• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Kanji

泥

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: ない (nai) (non-Jōyō reading)
• Kan’on: でい (dei)
• Kun: どろ (doro), なずむ (nazumu)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
泥
どろ Grade: S
kun'yomi

Noun

泥 (hiragana どろ, rōmaji doro)

1. mud

Derived terms

• 泥沼 (どろぬま) (doronuma): bog
• 泥仕合 (どろじあい) (dorojiai): mudslinging

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Korean

Hanja

泥 • (ni>i) (hangeul 니>이, revised ni>i, McCune-Reischauer ni>i, Yale ni>i)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Character

Readings

• Hán Việt: nề, nê, nệ, nè, nể, nễ, nơi

References

• Nom Foundation
• Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)