泥

Translingual

Han character

泥 (radical 85 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水尸心 (ESP), four-corner 3711₁, composition ⿰氵尼)

1. mud, mire
2. earth, clay
3. plaster

References

• KangXi: page 617, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17311
• Dae Jaweon: page 1012, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1595, character 8
• Unihan data for U+6CE5

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		泥

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ní, nì, nǐ, niè, nìng (ni², ni⁴, ni³, nie⁴, ning⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧˊ, ㄋㄧˋ, ㄋㄧˇ, ㄋㄧㄝˋ, ㄋㄧㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nai⁴, nei⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nài / nì
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): nî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ni⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: ní
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˊ
    • Wade-Giles: nih²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ni
    • IPA ^(key): /ni³⁵/
    • 
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: nì
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˋ
    • Wade-Giles: nih⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nih
    • IPA ^(key): /ni⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: nǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˇ
    • Wade-Giles: nih³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nii
    • IPA ^(key): /ni²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: niè
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄝˋ
    • Wade-Giles: nieh⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nieh
    • IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: nai⁴, nei⁶
    • Yale: nàih, neih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nai⁴, nei⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /nɐi̯²¹/, /nei̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nài / nì
    • Hakka Romanization System: naiˇ / niˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nai² / ni²
    • IPA: /na̯i¹¹/, /ni¹¹/
    • Note: nài - colloquial; nì - literary.
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî
    • Tâi-lô: nî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nii
    • IPA (Taipei): /ni²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ni¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ni⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nî
    • IPA ^(key): /ni⁵⁵/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 泥
Mandarin	Beijing	/ni³⁵/
	Harbin	/ni²⁴/
	Tianjin	/ni⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ȵi⁴²/
	Qingdao	/ni⁴²/ /mi⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ni⁴²/
	Xi'an	/ni²⁴/
	Xining	/mji²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/mi⁵³/ /ni⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ȵi⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ȵi⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ni²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ȵi³¹/
	Guiyang	/ni²¹/
	Kunming	/ni³¹/
	Nanjing	/li²⁴/
	Hefei	/mz̩⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ni¹¹/ ～皮 /ni⁴⁵/ ～匠
	Pingyao	/ȵi¹³/ ～牆牆 /ȵi³⁵/ ～匠
	Hohhot	/ni³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ȵi²³/
	Suzhou	/ȵi¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ȵi²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ȵi³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/ni⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/ȵie⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/ȵi¹³/
	Xiangtan	/ȵi¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/ȵi⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/nai¹¹/ /ni¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/nɑi¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/nɐi²¹/
	Nanning	/nɐi²¹/
	Hong Kong	/nɐi²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/ne³⁵/ /ni³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/nɛ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/ni²¹/ /nai³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/nĩ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ni³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /nei/, /nei^H/▼

Rime
Character	泥	泥
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	奴低切	奴計切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nei/	/neiH/
Pan Wuyun	/nei/	/neiH/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛi/	/nɛiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛj/	/nɛjH/
Li Rong	/nei/	/neiH/
Wang Li	/niei/	/nieiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/niei/	/nieiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ní	nì

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*C.nˤ[əj]/, /*nˤər(ʔ)-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*niːl/, /*niːls/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	泥	泥
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ní	ní
Middle Chinese	‹ nej ›	‹ nejH ›
Old Chinese	/*C.nˤ[əj]/	/*nˤər(ʔ)-s/
English	mud	impeded, obstructed (Lunyu)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泥	泥
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	9417	9421
Phonetic component	尼	尼
Rime group	脂	脂
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	泥	泥
Old Chinese	/*niːl/	/*niːls/

Definitions

泥

1. dirt
2. mud
3. clay

References

• (Hakka) Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) ISBN 962-201-750-9.
• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Kanji

泥

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: ない (nai) (non-Jōyō reading)
• Kan’on: でい (dei)
• Kun: どろ (doro), なずむ (nazumu)

Noun

泥 ‎(hiragana どろ, romaji doro)

1. mud

Derived terms

• 泥沼 (どろぬま) ‎(doronuma): bog
• 泥仕合 (どろじあい) ‎(dorojiai): mudslinging

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Korean

Hanja

泥 • ‎(ni, i) (hangeul 니, 이, revised ni, i, McCune-Reischauer ni, i, Yale ni, i)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Character

Readings

• Hán Việt: nê, nệ, nễ
• Nôm: nê, nơi, nè, nề, nể, nệ

References

• Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)