泥

泥 U+6CE5, 泥 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CE5 ← 泤 [U+6CE4] CJK Unified Ideographs 泦 → [U+6CE6]

Translingual

Han character

泥 (radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水尸心 (ESP), four-corner 3711₁, composition ⿰氵尼)

Derived characters

• 𪣮, 𩸦(𩾆), 𬈤, 𤀛, 𬉚, 𦰫, 埿, 𢛜, 𥺜, 𩸧

References

• KangXi: page 617, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17311
• Dae Jaweon: page 1012, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1595, character 8
• Unihan data for U+6CE5

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		泥
alternative forms		坭 埿 𡊴 𡌰 𢇀 坭 埿 𡊴 𡌰 𢇀 𥩥

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 泥
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (尼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
泥	*niːl, *niːls
屔	*niːl
苨	*niːlʔ
坭	*niːlʔ
迡	*niːls
埿	*braːms, *niːl, *niːls
旎	*nilʔ
狔	*nilʔ
抳	*nilʔ
尼	*nil
呢	*nil
怩	*nil
柅	*nil, *nilʔ
蚭	*nil
跜	*nil
秜	*nil
痆	*rniːd
昵	*niɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *niːl, *niːls): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 尼 (OC *nil).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): ní (ni²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧˊ

  (Chengdu, SP): nyi²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nai⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nài / nì
• Min Dong (BUC): nà̤
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): nî / lî / lê / nê

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ni⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): nyi (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: ní
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˊ
    • Wade–Giles: ni2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ni
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ní
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: nyi²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ni
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʲi²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: nai⁴
    • Yale: nàih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nai⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: nei⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɐi̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nài / nì
    • Hakka Romanization System: naiˇ / niˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nai² / ni²
    • Sinological IPA: /nai̯¹¹/, /ni¹¹/

Note:

• nài - colloquial;
• nì - literary.

Min Dong

• (Fuzhou)
  • Bàng-uâ-cê: nà̤
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡɛ⁵³/

Min Nan

• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî
  • Tâi-lô: nî
  • Phofsit Daibuun: nii
  • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /nĩ²⁴/
  • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³/
  • IPA (Zhangzhou): /nĩ¹³/
• (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lî
  • Tâi-lô: lî
  • Phofsit Daibuun: lii
  • IPA (Quanzhou): /li²⁴/
• (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lê
  • Tâi-lô: lê
  • Phofsit Daibuun: lee
  • IPA (Quanzhou): /le²⁴/
• (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nê
  • Tâi-lô: nê
  • Phofsit Daibuun: nee
  • IPA (Xiamen): /nẽ²⁴/

Note:

• nî/lî - vernacular;
• lê/nê - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ni⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nî
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵⁵/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: nyi (T3)
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲi²³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 泥
Mandarin	Beijing	/ni³⁵/
	Harbin	/ni²⁴/
	Tianjin	/ni⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ȵi⁴²/
	Qingdao	/ni⁴²/ /mi⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ni⁴²/
	Xi'an	/ni²⁴/
	Xining	/mji²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/mi⁵³/ /ni⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ȵi⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ȵi⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ni²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ȵi³¹/
	Guiyang	/ni²¹/
	Kunming	/ni³¹/
	Nanjing	/li²⁴/
	Hefei	/mz̩⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ni¹¹/ ～皮 /ni⁴⁵/ ～匠
	Pingyao	/ȵi¹³/ ～牆牆 /ȵi³⁵/ ～匠
	Hohhot	/ni³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ȵi²³/
	Suzhou	/ȵi¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ȵi²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ȵi³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/ni⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/ȵie⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/ȵi¹³/
	Xiangtan	/ȵi¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/ȵi⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/nai¹¹/ /ni¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/nɑi¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/nɐi²¹/
	Nanning	/nɐi²¹/
	Hong Kong	/nɐi²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/ne³⁵/ /ni³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/nɛ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/ni²¹/ /nai³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/nĩ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ni³¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: /nei/

Rime
Character	泥
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	奴低切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nei/
Pan Wuyun	/nei/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛj/
Li Rong	/nei/
Wang Li	/niei/
Bernard Karlgren	/niei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ní

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.nˤ[əj]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*niːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	泥
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ní
Middle Chinese	‹ nej ›
Old Chinese	/*C.nˁ[əj]/
English	mud
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泥
Reading #	1/2
No.	9417
Phonetic component	尼
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	泥
Old Chinese	/*niːl/

Definitions

泥

1. dirt (Classifier: 嚿／𫩥 c; 坺 c)

   玩泥巴  ―  wán níbā  ―  play in the dirt

   一嚿泥 / 一𫩥泥 [Cantonese]  ―  jat¹ gau⁶ nai⁴ [Jyutping]  ―  a clod of earth

2. mud

   軟泥 / 软泥  ―  ruǎnní  ―  soft mud

3. clay

   泥娃娃  ―  níwáwá  ―  clay doll

4. any mush-like substance

   薯泥  ―  shǔní  ―  mashed potato

   泥膠 / 泥胶  ―  níjiāo  ―  Blu-Tack

   鷹嘴豆泥 / 鹰嘴豆泥  ―  yīngzuǐdòuní  ―  hummus

5. paint (used on walls)
6. An ancient river in modern Hunan
7. An ancient river in modern Gansu
8. weak
9. (Chinese mythology) a kind of animal lived in sea
10. A surname​.
11. (～母) (phonology) a Middle Chinese initial and the 'Phags-pa script letter ꡋ (n-)

Compounds

Derived terms from 泥

• 一丸泥
• 丸泥
• 判若雲泥／判若云泥
• 削鐵如泥／削铁如泥
• 印泥 (yìnní)
• 叉灰泥
• 和稀泥 (huò xī ní)
• 困處泥塗／困处泥涂
• 土泥
• 垢泥
• 壁上泥皮
• 如泥
• 封泥
• 帶水拖泥／带水拖泥
• 抹稀泥
• 拖泥帶水／拖泥带水 (tuōnídàishuǐ)
• 排泥閥／排泥阀
• 敷彩泥塑
• 曳尾泥塗／曳尾泥涂
• 木雕泥塑
• 末泥
• 棗泥／枣泥
• 水泥 (shuǐní)
• 水泥叢林／水泥丛林
• 水泥漆
• 水泥熟料
• 水泥船
• 汙泥／污泥
• 油泥 (yóuní)
• 沼泥
• 泡沫水泥
• 泥中
• 泥中刺
• 泥中隱刺／泥中隐刺
• 泥丸 (níwán)
• 泥人 (nírén)
• 泥人張／泥人张
• 泥土 (nítǔ)
• 泥地
• 泥坑 (níkēng)
• 泥坯
• 泥垢 (nígòu)
• 泥垣宮／泥垣宫
• 泥堆
• 泥塑
• 泥塑木雕
• 泥塗／泥涂
• 泥塘
• 泥塞竹管

• 泥多佛大
• 泥娃娃 (níwáwa)
• 泥孩兒／泥孩儿
• 泥封
• 泥封函谷
• 泥崩
• 泥工 (nígōng)
• 泥巴 (níba)
• 泥掌
• 泥板岩 (níbǎnyán)
• 泥水 (níshuǐ)
• 泥水匠 (níshuǐjiàng)
• 泥水工 (níshuǐgōng)
• 泥水自蔽
• 泥汙／泥污
• 泥沙 (níshā)
• 泥沙俱下
• 泥沼 (nízhǎo)
• 泥活字
• 泥流 (níliú)
• 泥淖 (nínào)
• 泥滓
• 泥漿／泥浆 (níjiāng)
• 泥潦
• 泥濘／泥泞 (nínìng)
• 泥火山
• 泥灰
• 泥灶
• 泥炭 (nítàn)
• 泥煤
• 泥牆／泥墙
• 泥版
• 泥牛
• 泥牛入海 (níniú-rùhǎi)
• 泥犁
• 泥瓦匠 (níwǎjiàng)
• 泥療／泥疗
• 泥盆紀／泥盆纪 (Nípénjì)
• 泥石流 (níshíliú)
• 泥磚／泥砖
• 泥窗
• 泥肥
• 泥胎
• 泥胎兒／泥胎儿
• 泥腳／泥脚
• 泥腿
• 泥腿光棍
• 泥船渡河

• 泥蟠
• 泥豬／泥猪
• 泥豬瓦狗／泥猪瓦狗
• 泥足巨人
• 泥醉
• 泥金
• 泥金帖子
• 泥金箋／泥金笺
• 泥鞋窄襪／泥鞋窄袜
• 泥頭／泥头
• 泥頭酒／泥头酒
• 泥飯碗／泥饭碗
• 泥首
• 泥馬／泥马
• 泥鰍／泥鳅 (níqiū)
• 泥鰻／泥鳗
• 泥點兒／泥点儿
• 泥龍／泥龙
• 洗泥
• 淈泥
• 淤泥 (yūní)
• 澄泥硯／澄泥砚
• 火泥
• 爐石水泥／炉石水泥
• 爛泥／烂泥 (lànní)
• 爛醉如泥／烂醉如泥
• 牆上泥皮／墙上泥皮
• 砍鐵如泥／砍铁如泥
• 稀泥 (xīní)
• 紫泥
• 紫泥封
• 綠泥石／绿泥石
• 罡神泥鬼
• 膠泥／胶泥
• 臭泥
• 芋泥 (yùní)
• 蒜泥 (suànní)
• 醉如泥
• 金泥
• 鋼骨水泥／钢骨水泥
• 障泥
• 雪泥鴻爪／雪泥鸿爪
• 雲泥／云泥 (yúnní)
• 雲泥之別／云泥之别
• 雲泥異路／云泥异路
• 霑泥絮／沾泥絮
• 青泥
• 黃泥塘／黄泥塘 (Huángnítáng)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nì (ni⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nai⁶, nei⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: nì
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˋ
    • Wade–Giles: ni4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nih
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nì
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: nai⁶, nei⁶
    • Yale: naih, neih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nai⁶, nei⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: nei⁶, néi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɐi̯²²/, /nei̯²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /nei^H/

Rime
Character	泥
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	奴計切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/neiH/
Pan Wuyun	/neiH/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛjH/
Li Rong	/neiH/
Wang Li	/nieiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/nieiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nì

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤər(ʔ)-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*niːls/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	泥
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ní
Middle Chinese	‹ nejH ›
Old Chinese	/*nˁər(ʔ)-s/
English	impeded, obstructed (Lunyu)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泥
Reading #	2/2
No.	9421
Phonetic component	尼
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	泥
Old Chinese	/*niːls/

Definitions

泥

1. to sink into
2. to be constrained
3. to detain
4. to paint
5. to disturb
6. to wallpaper
7. to defile

Compounds

• 拘泥 (jūnì)
• 泥古
• 泥古不化
• 泥古非今

• 泥子 (nìzi)
• 泥滯／泥滞
• 泥酒

• 泥飲／泥饮
• 滯泥／滞泥
• 滯滯泥泥／滞滞泥泥

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nǐ (ni³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nai⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: nǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˇ
    • Wade–Giles: ni3
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nii
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nǐ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: nai⁵
    • Yale: náih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nai⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: nei⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɐi̯¹³/

Definitions

泥

1. Only used in 泥泥.

Pronunciation 4

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nìng (ning⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄥˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: nìng
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˋ
    • Wade–Giles: ning4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ninq
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niŋ⁵¹/

Definitions

泥

1. Only used in 泥母.

Pronunciation 5

For pronunciation and definitions of 泥 – see 涅 (“black mud; melanterite; etc.”). (This character, 泥, is a variant form of 涅.)

Pronunciation 6

For pronunciation and definitions of 泥 – see 屔. (This character, 泥, is a variant form of 屔.)

References

• “泥”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02161
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B00771-003-1
• (Hakka) Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) →ISBN.
• (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Kanji

泥

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: ない (nai)
• Kan-on: でい (dei, Jōyō)
• Kun: どろ (doro, 泥, Jōyō); なずむ (nazumu, 泥)^{←なづむ (nadumu, historical)}

Etymology

Kanji in this term
泥
どろ Grade: S
kun’yomi

Noun

泥(どろ) • (doro) 

1. mud

Derived terms

• 泥沼(どろぬま) (doronuma): bog
• 泥(どろ)仕(じ)合(あい) (dorojiai): mudslinging

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Korean

Hanja

泥 (eumhun 진흙 니 (jinheuk ni))

1. Hanja form^? of 니 (“mud; dirt”).

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Vietnamese

Han character

泥 (nề, nê, nệ, nè, nể, nễ, nơi)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation
• Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)