Jesus

See also: JEsus, Jesús, Jésus, Jèsus, and jesus

English

Etymology

From Middle English Jhesus, Iesus, from Latin Iēsūs, from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Biblical Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšū́aʿ), a contracted form of יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (yəhōšúaʿ, “Joshua”). The form יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšū́aʿ) is attested in some of the later books of the Hebrew Bible (Ezra–Nehemiah), and translated as Jeshua or Yeshua in some English editions (the former appearing in the King James Version). The Greek texts make no distinction between Jesus and Joshua, referring to them both as Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs).

In the Wycliffe Bible (Middle English), the forms used are Jhesus and Jhesu.

Pronunciation

• (Jesus of Nazareth) enPR: jē'zəs, IPA^(key): /ˈdʒiːzəs/, /ˈdʒiːzʌs/
• (Spanish given name) enPR: hāso͞os', heso͞os', IPA^(key): /heɪˈsuːs/, /hɛsˈuːs/
• Rhymes: -iːzəs, -iːzʌs, -uːs

Proper noun

Jesus

1. Jesus of Nazareth, a religious figure whom Christians consider to be the son of God and call "Jesus Christ" in the belief that he is the Messiah, and whom Muslims believe to be a prophet.
2. (historical, religion) One of a variety of persons or entities in western Manichaeism, of whom some correspond closely to the Christian conception of Jesus of Nazareth.
3. A male given name from Spanish in Spanish culture; an anglicized spelling of Jesús.
   • 1971 Ruth Rendell, No More Dying Then, Random House (2009), →ISBN, page 195:

     Frensham opened the door and called a name that sounded like 'Haysus'. Brandy was brought and various other bottles and decanters. When the manservant had gone, Frensham said, 'Odd, aren't they, the Spanish? Calling a boy Jesus.'

4. A male given name from Aramaic of Semitic origin.

   Jesus son of Sirach wrote the "Wisdom of Sirach"

Usage notes

• The possessive of the Jesus may be either Jesus’s (pronounced with three syllables) or Jesus’ (pronounced with two syllables). The latter form was traditionally more common when referring to the Christian figure while the former is more common when referring to other people named Jesus, but both forms are attested in both cases. See -'s.

Coordinate terms

• (Christianity): Christ, Messiah

Derived terms

• gee
• geez, jeez
• Jeebus

• Jesus boots
• Jesus Christ
• Jesus freak

• Jesus of Nazareth
• Jesus phone
• Jesus piece

• Jesusanity

Related terms

• Isa
• Jesu
• Jesuit

Translations

the Christian Messiah

• Afrikaans: Jesus
• Albanian: Jezusi m

  Arbëresh: Isuthi

• Amharic: የሱስ (yesusi)
• Arabic: يَسُوع m (yasūʕ), عِيسَى m (ʕīsā)
• Aragonese: Chesús m
• Aramaic:

  Hebrew: יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšūaʿ)

  Syriac: ܝܶܫܽܘܥ (yēšūaʿ)

• Armenian: Հիսուս (Hisus)

  Old Armenian: Յիսուս (Yisus)

• Asturian: Xesús m
• Azerbaijani: İsa
• Bashkir: Ғайса (Ğaysa)
• Basque: Jesus
• Belarusian: Ісу́с m (Isús), Е́зус m (Jézus)
• Bengali: যীশু (jiśu)
• Breton: Jezuz (br) m
• Bulgarian: Иису́с m (Iisús), Ису́с m (Isús)
• Burmese: ယေရှု (my) (yehru.)
• Car Nicobarese: Yēsū
• Catalan: Jesús (ca) m
• Cebuano: Jesus
• Cherokee: ᏥᏌ (tsisa)
• Chichewa: Yesu
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 耶穌／耶稣 (je⁴ sou¹), 耶稣 (je⁴ sou¹)

  Hakka: 耶穌／耶稣, 耶稣 (Yâ-sû)

  Mandarin: 耶穌／耶稣 (zh) (Yēsū), 耶稣 (zh) (Yēsū)

  Middle Chinese:

  Min Nan: 耶穌／耶稣 (zh-min-nan), 耶稣 (Iâ-so͘)

• Choctaw: Chisạs
• Coptic: ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ m (iēsous), ⲓⲏⲥ m (iēs)
• Cornish: Yesu
• Corsican: Gesù m
• Czech: Ježíš (cs) m
• Danish: Jesus
• Dutch: Jezus (nl)
• Esperanto: Jesuo
• Estonian: Jeesus (et)
• Ewe: Yesu, Yesu
• Faroese: Jesus m
• Fijian: Jisu
• Finnish: Jeesus (fi)
• French: Jésus (fr) m

  Middle French: Iesus m

  Old French: Jhesu m

• Frisian: Jezus
• Galician: Xesús (gl) m
• Georgian: იესო (ieso), ქრისტე (ka) (krisṭe)
• German: Jesus (de)
• Gothic: 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐍃 m (iēsus)
• Greek: Ιησούς (el) m (Iisoús)

  Ancient: Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs)

• Greenlandic: Jiisusi
• Guerrero Amuzgo: Su
• Gujarati: ઇસુ (isu)
• Gusii: Yeso
• Haitian Creole: Jezi
• Hausa: Isa
• Hawaiian: Iesū
• Hebrew: יֵשׁוּעַ (yeshúa'), יֵשׁוּ m (yeshú)
• Hindi: ईसा (hi) m (īsā)
• Hungarian: Jézus (hu)
• Hunsrik: Yeesus
• Icelandic: Jesús (is) m
• Ido: Iesu (io)
• Igbo: Jisọs, Jizọs
• Indonesian: Yesus (id)
• Interlingua: Jesus
• Irish: Íosa

  Old Irish: Íssu m

• Italian: Gesù (it) m
• Japanese: イエス (ja) (Iesu) (耶蘇 (ja) (いえす, Iesu)), (Orthodox Church) イイスス (Iisusu), (Catholic, historical) イエズス (Iezusu), イエス・キリスト (ja) (Iesu Kirisuto)
• Javanese: Yesus
• Jingpho: Yesu
• Kannada: ಯೇಸು (yēsu)
• Kazakh: Иса (İsa)
• Khmer: យេស៊ូ (km) (yeisuu)
• Kikuyu: Jeso
• Konkani: जेजू (Jezu)
• Korean: 예수 (Yesu)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Kurdish:
• Kyrgyz: Иса (ky) (İsa)
• Ladino:

  Roman: Yeshu

• Lao: ເຢຊູ (yē sū), ເຍຊູ (nyē sū)
• Latin: Iēsus (la) m
• Latvian: Jēzus
• Ligurian: Gesû m
• Limburgish: Zjezös (li), Jezus
• Lithuanian: Jėzus
• Lombard: Gesü
• Luganda: Yesu
• Luhya: Yesu
• Luxembourgish: Jesus
• Lü: ᦵᦍᦌᦴ (yesuu)
• Macedonian: Исус (Isus)
• Malagasy: Jesosy, Jesoa
• Malay: Isa
• Malayalam: ഈശോ (ml) (īśō), യേശു (ml) (yēśu)
• Maltese: Ġesù m
• Manx: Yeesey m
• Maori: Ihu
• Marathi: येशू m (yeśū), जिजस m (jijas)
• Marshallese: Jijej, Jisōs
• Meru: Njiisu
• Middle English: Jhesus, Iesus
• Mirandese: Jasus m
• Mongolian: Есүс (mn) (Jesüs)
• Navajo: Doodaatsaahii
• Neapolitan: Gèsù
• Ngazidja Comorian: Isa
• Norman: Jésû m
• Northern Sami: Jesus
• Norwegian: Jesus (no)
• Occitan: Jèsus m
• Old Church Slavonic:

  Cyrillic: Исоусъ m (Isusŭ), Їисоусъ m (Iisusŭ), Їисъ m (Iisŭ)

• Old English: Hǣlend m
• Old Norse: Jésús m
• Old Occitan: Ihesu
• Oriya: ଯୀଶୁ (or) (jiśu)
• Persian: عیسی (fa) ('isâ), یشوع (yešu')
• Piedmontese: Gesù m
• Polish: Jezus (pl)
• Portuguese: Jesus (pt) m
• Punjabi: ਈਸਾ m (īsā)
• Romanian: Iisus
• Romansch: Gesu
• Russian: Иису́с (ru) m (Iisús)
• Santali: ᱡᱤᱥᱩ m (jisu)
• Sardinian: Gesùs m
• Scottish Gaelic: Ìosa m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Ѝсус m

  Roman: Ìsus (sh) m

• Shan: ယေႇသူႉ (yèe sṵ̂u)
• Sicilian: Gesù m
• Slovak: Ježiš m
• Slovene: Jézus (sl) m
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: Jezus m

• Spanish: Jesús (es) m
• Swahili: Yesu (sw), Isa (used by Muslims)
• Swedish: Jesus (sv)
• Tagalog: Hesus
• Tajik: Исо m (Iso)
• Tamil: இயேசு (ta) (iyēcu)
• Tatar: Гайсә (Ğaysä)
• Thai: เยซู (th) (yee-suu)
• Tibetan: ཡེ་ཤུ (ye shu)
• Tok Pisin: Jisas
• Turkish: İsa (tr)
• Turkmen: Isa
• Ukrainian: Ісу́с m (Isús)
• Urdu: عیسیٰ m (īsā)
• Uzbek: Iso
• Venetian: Gesù m
• Vietnamese: Giêsu (vi), Giê-su (vi), Giê-xu (vi), Jesus (vi) (Protestant), Gia-tô, Gia Tô, Da Tô
• Welsh: Iesu
• Western Panjabi: یسوع m
• White Hmong: Yexus
• Xhosa: uYesu
• Yiddish: יעזוס m (yezus), ישו m (yeshu), ישו הנוצרי m (yeshu hanotsri), יאָשקע m (yoshke) (pejorative), יאָשקע פּאַנדרע m (yoshke pandre) (pejorative)
• Yoruba: Jésù
• Yup'ik: Yiissus, Ciissussaq
• Zulu: uJesu

Noun

Jesus (plural Jesuses)

1. The Christian savior.
   • 1813, William Revell Moody (ed.), Record of Christian Work, p 441

     And, says George Eliot, and all who believe in her teaching, it is perfectly true that He is with us now in a dumb, vague, blessed impulse. Is that your Jesus? If I may recall my illustration of the train, I will tell you of my Jesus.

   • 2005, Scot McKnight, Jesus and His Death, p152

     ...leading Dom Crossan at times to the witty criticism that modern Jesus books are in a quest for who can say "my Jesus is more Jewish than your Jesus"...

   • 2001, Clinton Bennett, In Search of Jesus, p231

     Your Jesus is my Jesus' greatest enemy

Interjection

Jesus

1. An exclamation, the use of which is considered blasphemous among some Christians.
   • 1991, Stephen Fry, The Liar, p. 27:

     ‘Jesus suffering fuck,’ said Adrian. ‘It's not half a thought.’
     ‘Face it, it's a wow.’

   Jesus, that was close!

Synonyms

• (exclamation): Christ, God, Jesus Christ

Related terms

• Joshua

Translations

expletive

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 天殺的／天杀的 (zh), 天杀的 (zh) (tiānshā de), 該死／该死 (zh) (gāisǐ), 该死 (zh) (gāi sǐ), 天啊 (tiān'a), 他媽的／他妈的 (zh) (tāmāde), 他妈的 (zh) (tāmāde), 我操 (wǒcāo), 我肏 (wǒcào), 我靠 (zh) (wǒkào)

• Czech: ježiš, ježíš (cs), ježiši, ježíši
• Finnish: jösses (fi), jestas
• Galician: Xesús! (gl)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Greek: Ιησούς Χριστός! (el) (Iisoús Christós!)
• Macedonian: Исусе! (Isuse!) (vocative)
• Portuguese: Jesus! (pt)
• Russian: (rare vocative form) Иису́се! (ru) (Iisúse!)
• Spanish: ¡Jesús! (es)

Verb

Jesus (third-person singular simple present Jesus, present participle es, simple past and past participle Jesused)

1. (colloquial, often derogatory or humorous) To subject to (excessive) Christian proselytizing, preaching, or moralizing.
   • 1971, Richard Sale, For the president's eyes only, →ISBN, page 72:

     From what I gathered, his mother had been heavily Jesused, and his father had been a rough sort of plainsman.

   • 1994, Hannah Yakin, Of Tortoises and Other Jews, page 19:

     "If you don't believe me, ask Jesus!" [...] “Look here,” Papa burst out, “there's no difference between Jews and non-Jews. There can only be a difference between good and bad people.” “And don't start Jesusing me in my own house,” Mama added[.]

   • 2004, José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi, ‎David L. Frye, The Mangy Parrot, page 531:

     Don't leave me until I expire; I wouldn't want some devout man or woman to come in here and start Jesusing me with the Ramillete [a collection of prayers] or some collection like that,

   • 2005, Christian Bauman, Voodoo Lounge: A Novel, page 58:

     They took refuge in Jérémie, the last Haitian port they hadn't been ejected out of, run from, or Jesused to death [in].

   • 2008, Laura Pedersen, The Big Shuffle: A Novel, →ISBN:

     In the past few weeks he's Jesused us all up with a full-length grace at each meal[.]

2. To exclaim "Jesus" (at).
   • 2012, Brian Evenson, Windeye, →ISBN:

     The other man stumbled up, rubbing his temple. “Jesus,” the man said. Frank raised his fist, then saw that the man was Jesusing not him but [the window].

   • 2016, Kaui Hart Hemmings, Juniors, →ISBN, page 141:

     "Jesus, Whit," Will says. [...] "Why are you always Jesusing me?" He doesn't answer, just chews his food, and I take another sip[.]

See also

• Christ
• Lion of Judah
• Messiah
• savior, saviour

• Son of David
• Son of Man
• Yeshua

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Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch Jezus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjɪə̯sœs/

Proper noun

Jesus

1. Jesus

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Cebuano

Etymology

From Spanish Jesús.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: je‧sus

Proper noun

Jesus

1. a male given name

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Faroese

Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Hebrew ישוע (yeshúa). See also Josva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjeːsʊs/
• Rhymes: -eːsʊs

Proper noun

Jesus m

1. Jesus

Declension

	Singular
	Indefinite
Nominative	Jesus
Accusative	Jesus
Dative	Jesusi
Genitive	Jesus, Jesusar, Jesu

Derived terms

• Jesuspápi
  • jesuspápablomstur
  • jesuspápadýr
  • jesuspápalamb
  • jesuspápaleika
  • jesuspápaseyður

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German

Alternative forms

• Jhesus, JEsus

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: Je‧sus
• IPA^(key): /ˈjeːzʊs/

• Audio:

  (file)

Proper noun

Jesus m (genitive Jesu or Jesus')

1. (Christianity) Jesus

Synonyms

• Christus
• Jesus Christus

Related terms

• Jesses, Jeses

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Latin

Pronunciation

• Audio (classical):

  (file)

Proper noun

1. Alternative form of Iēsus: Jesus

References

• “Jesus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

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Middle High German

Etymology

From Latin Jesus

Proper noun

Jēsus m

1. Jesus
   • c. 1230, Wolfdietrich, MS H, 2nd half 15th c., in: Friedr. Heinr. von der Hagen, Heldenbuch. Altdeutsche Heldenlieder aus dem Sagenkreise Dietrichs von Bern und der Nibelungen. Meist aus einzigen Handschriften zum erstenmal gedruck oder hergestellt. Erster Band, Leipzig, 1855, p. 235:

     [...] wiltu gelauben an Jesum, den lieben herren mein [...]

   • 13th century, David von Augsburg. In: Franz Pfeiffer (editor), Deutsche Mystiker des vierzehnten Jahrhunderts. Erster Band, Leipzig, 1845, p. 363, line 30f. Also quoted in: Georg Friedrich Benecke, Wilhelm Müller, Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch. Erster Band. A – L, Leipzig, 1854, p. 271 (see "wallebruoder, walbruoder"):

     Got lieber hêrre Jêsu Kriste, unser getriuwer geverte in dirre wüeste und unser lieber wallebruoder in diesem ellende, bringe uns [...]

   • first half of the 14th century, Nicolaus/Nikolaus von Straßburg, a sermon, in: Franz Joseph Mone (editor), Anzeiger für Kunde der teutschen Vorzeit. Siebenter Jahrgang (text from Pfälzer Hs. [Handschrift] Nr. 641 Bl. 63, b. bis zu Ende), Karlsruhe, 1838, p. 273:

     O min lieber herre Jesu Christe

Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

See also

• Krist, Kristus, Christus

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Norwegian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jeːsʉs/, [ˈjeː.sʉs]

Proper noun

Jesus (genitive Jesu)

1. Jesus

See also

• Kristus
• Jesus Kristus
• Gud

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Portuguese

Etymology

Relatinised from Old Galician-Portuguese Jesu, from Latin Iēsus, from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Hebrew ישוע (y'hoshúa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒɨ.ˈzuʃ/
• IPA^(key): /ʒe.ˈzu(j)s/
• Hyphenation: Je‧sus

Proper noun

Jesus m

1. (Christianity) Jesus Christ

Proper noun

Jesus f or m

1. a male given name
2. a female given name, shortened from "Maria de Jesus"
3. a surname

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Jesus.

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Scots

Proper noun

Jesus

1. Jesus

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Swedish

Etymology

From Latin Iēsus, from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Biblical Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšū́aʿ), a contracted form of יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (yəhōšúaʿ, “Joshua”). The form יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšū́aʿ) is attested in some of the later books of the Hebrew Bible (Ezra–Nehemiah). The Greek texts make no distinction between Jesus and Joshua, referring to them both as Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²jeːsɵs/, /ˈjeːsɵs/

Proper noun

Jesus c (genitive Jesus, sometimes Jesu)

1. Jesus

Usage notes

• The genitive form is Jesus in everyday speech, but especially in fixed expressions, the Greek-Latin genitive Jesu is often used, e.g. Jesu uppståndelse (”Resurrection of Jesus”), Jesu lärjungar (”Jesus’ disciples”) or Jesu lidande (”Jesus’ suffering”), etc. Compare the usage of Kristi and Kristus.
• In older religious texts and in hymns, the form Jesu is also found as a vocative, and more rarely the object form Jesum, although these have generally been replaced by Jesus in modern adaptations.

References

• Jesus in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)