api

See also: API

Languages (40)

Balinese • Bikol Central • Brunei Malay • Buginese • Catalan • Gallurese • Guaraní • Iban • Icelandic • Indonesian • Ingrian • Italian • Javanese • Kapampangan • Kari'na • Karo Batak • Latin • Malay • Mandar • Manggarai • Matanawi • Mentawai • Minangkabau • Nyishi • Occitan • Old Javanese • Old Norse • Pali • Pangutaran Sama • Quechua • Sakizaya • Sasak • Tae' • Tagalog • Tahitian • Tausug • Toba Batak • Tomini • Toraja-Sa'dan • Votic

---

Page categories

Balinese

Romanization

api

1. Romanization of ᬳᬧᬶ

Bikol Central

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔaˈpi/ [ʔaˈpi]
• Hyphenation: a‧pi

Adjective

apí (plural arapi, Basahan spelling ᜀᜉᜒ)

1. oppressed

Derived terms

• apihon
• mag-api
• pag-api
• paraapi

Brunei Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *api, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /api/
• Hyphenation: a‧pi

Noun

api

1. fire (oxidation reaction)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Buginese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

api (Lontara spelling ᨕᨄᨗ)

1. fire (oxidation reaction)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Catalan

Alternative forms

• àpit

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin apium.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈa.pi]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

api m (plural apis)

1. celery

Derived terms

• api bord
• api de síquia
• api-rave
• mosca de l'api

Related terms

• apiàcies

Further reading

• “api” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “api”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025.
• “api” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “api” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Gallurese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈapi/

Etymology 1

From Classical Latin apis.

Noun

api f (invariable)

1. (dialectal) bee

   Synonym: apa

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

api f pl

1. plural of apa

References

• Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Guaraní

Noun

api

1. skin

Iban

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *api, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

api

1. fire (oxidation reaction)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse api.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaːpɪ/
• Rhymes: -aːpɪ

Noun

api m (genitive singular apa, nominative plural apar)

1. ape, monkey, simian
2. fool

Declension

Declension of api (masculine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	api	apinn	apar	aparnir
accusative	apa	apann	apa	apana
dative	apa	apanum	öpum	öpunum
genitive	apa	apans	apa	apanna

Derived terms

• apalegur
• apamaður
• mannapi
• margur verður af aurum api

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay api, from Proto-Malayic *api, from, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈapi/ [ˈa.pi]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -api
• Syllabification: a‧pi
• Homophone: API

Noun

api (plural api-api)

1. fire:
   1. a (usually self-sustaining) chemical reaction involving the bonding of oxygen with carbon or other fuel, with the production of heat and the presence of flame or smouldering

      Synonym: (uncommon) nyala

   2. an instance of this chemical reaction, especially when intentionally created and maintained in a specific location to a useful end (such as a campfire or a hearth fire)
   3. the occurrence, often accidental, of fire in a certain place, causing damage and danger

      Synonym: kebakaran

   4. (figurative) strength of passion, whether love or hate

      Synonym: semangat

Derived terms

• berapi
• berapi-api
• diapi-apikan
• memperapikan
• mengapi
• mengapi-apikan
• perapian

• api abadi
• api amarah
• api asmara
• api biru
• api cemburu
• api lancip
• api neraka
• api penyucian
• api prakpak
• api semangat
• api takep
• api tujuh likur
• api unggun

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Further reading

• “api” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Ingrian

Etymology

Borrowed from Votic api, from Proto-Finnic *api. Cognates include Estonian abi and Livonian abb.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈɑpi/, [ˈɑpi]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈɑpi/, [ˈɑb̥i]
• Rhymes: -ɑpi
• Hyphenation: a‧pi

Noun

api

1. help

Declension

Declension of api (type 5/vahti, p-v gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	api	avit
genitive	avin	appiin, apiloin
partitive	appia	apija, apiloja
illative	appii	appii, apiloihe
inessive	avis	apiis, apilois
elative	avist	apiist, apiloist
allative	aville	apiille, apiloille
adessive	avil	apiil, apiloil
ablative	avilt	apiilt, apiloilt
translative	aviks	apiiks, apiloiks
essive	apinna, appiin	apiinna, apiloinna, appiin, apiloin
exessive1)	apint	apiint, apiloint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Synonyms

• apu (originally native)

Derived terms

• apihua
• apilain
• apinikka
• avittaa
• hätäapi

References

• V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[1], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 1

Italian

Noun

api f pl

1. plural of ape

Anagrams

• IPA, pia

Javanese

Etymology

From Old Javanese apuy (“fire”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

api

1. steam

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Kapampangan

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *hapúy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /əˈpiʔ/ [əˈpiʔ]
• Hyphenation: a‧pi

Noun

apî

1. fire (oxidation reaction)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *qapuʀ. Compare Tagalog apog.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈapiʔ/ [ˈäː.piʔ]
• Hyphenation: a‧pi

Noun

ápî

1. (chemistry) lime

Kari'na

Etymology

Compare Akawaio api.

Pronunciation

• (Venezuela, West Suriname) IPA^(key): [aːpi]
• (East Suriname) IPA^(key): [aʔpi]

Noun

api (possessed apiry)

1. red color
2. red paint

Derived terms

• tapire

References

• Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎^[2], Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 232
• Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “api”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 90; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes‎^[3], Paris, 1956, page 91

Karo Batak

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

api

1. fire (oxidation reaction)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈa.piː/, [ˈäpiː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈa.pi/, [ˈäːpi]

Verb

apī

1. first-person singular perfect active indicative of apō

Malay

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Malayo-Chamic *apuy

Proto-Malayic *api

Malay api

From Proto-Malayic *api, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈapi/ [ˈa.pi]
• Rhymes: -api
• Hyphenation: a‧pi

Noun

Api

api (Jawi spelling اڤي)

1. fire (oxidation reaction)
2. (dialectal) electricity

Synonyms

• nyalaan / ڽالاءن
• pawaka / ڤاواک

Derived terms

• berapi
• berapi-api
• memperapikan
• mengapi
• mengapi-apikan
• perapian

• api asmara
• api cemburu
• api lancip
• api neraka
• api penyuci
• api semangat
• api unggun
• api-api
• batu api
• bunga api
• kapal api
• kayu api
• kembang api
• kereta api
• periuk api
• rumah api

Descendants

• Ambonese Malay: api
• Indonesian: api

References

• Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “اڤي api”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, pages 14-5
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “اڤي api”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 26
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “api”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, pages 56-7
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Further reading

• “api” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Mandar

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

api

1. fire (oxidation reaction)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Manggarai

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy

Noun

api

1. fire

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Matanawi

Noun

api

1. water

References

• Čestmír Loukotka, ‎Johannes Wilbert (editor), Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968, Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, University of California), page(s) 96

Mentawai

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

api

1. fire (oxidation reaction)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Minangkabau

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *api, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

api

1. fire

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Nyishi

Numeral

api

1. four

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin apium.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈapi]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

api m (plural apis)

1. celery

Old Javanese

Alternative forms

• apuy, apwi

Noun

api

1. fire

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *apô, whence also Old English apa, Old High German affo.

Noun

api m

1. ape, monkey
2. fool

   Synonym: fífl

   margr verðr af aurum api

   money makes many people a monkey

Declension

Declension of api (weak an-stem)

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	api	apinn	apar	aparnir
accusative	apa	apann	apa	apana
dative	apa	apanum	ǫpum	ǫpunum
genitive	apa	apans	apa	apanna

Descendants

• Icelandic: api m
• Faroese: apa f
• Norwegian Nynorsk: apa f or m, ape
• Norwegian Bokmål: ape f or m
• Old Swedish: apa f
  • Swedish: apa c
• Danish: abe c
• Gutnish: ape, apå

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀅𑀧𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• अपि (Devanagari script)
• অপি (Bengali script)
• අපි (Sinhalese script)
• အပိ or ဢပိ (Burmese script)
• อปิ or อะปิ (Thai script)
• ᩋᨷᩥ (Tai Tham script)
• ອປິ or ອະປິ (Lao script)
• អបិ (Khmer script)
• 𑄃𑄛𑄨 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit अपि (api).

Particle

api

1. an emphatic particle

Conjunction

api

1. also, even so
2. even

References

• Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “api”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

Pangutaran Sama

Noun

api

1. fire

Quechua

Adjective

api

1. soft, smooth

Noun

api

1. porridge, soup, pudding
2. drink made from purple maize, cloves, and citrus peel

Declension

Declension of api

	singular	plural
nominative	api	apikuna
accusative	apita	apikunata
dative	apiman	apikunaman
genitive	apip	apikunap
locative	apipi	apikunapi
terminative	apikama	apikunakama
ablative	apimanta	apikunamanta
instrumental	apiwan	apikunawan
comitative	apintin	apikunantin
abessive	apinnaq	apikunannaq
comparative	apihina	apikunahina
causative	apirayku	apikunarayku
benefactive	apipaq	apikunapaq
associative	apipura	apikunapura
distributive	apinka	apikunanka
exclusive	apilla	apikunalla

Possessive forms of api

ñuqap - first-person singular ñuqap (my) singular plural nominative apiy apiykuna accusative apiyta apiykunata dative apiyman apiykunaman genitive apiypa apiykunap locative apiypi apiykunapi terminative apiykama apiykunakama ablative apiymanta apiykunamanta instrumental apiywan apiykunawan comitative apiynintin apiykunantin abessive apiyninnaq apiykunannaq comparative apiyhina apiykunahina causative apiyrayku apiykunarayku benefactive apiypaq apiykunapaq associative apiypura apiykunapura distributive apiyninka apiykunanka exclusive apiylla apiykunalla qampa - second-person singular qampa (your) singular plural nominative apiyki apiykikuna accusative apiykita apiykikunata dative apiykiman apiykikunaman genitive apiykipa apiykikunap locative apiykipi apiykikunapi terminative apiykikama apiykikunakama ablative apiykimanta apiykikunamanta instrumental apiykiwan apiykikunawan comitative apiykintin apiykikunantin abessive apiykinnaq apiykikunannaq comparative apiykihina apiykikunahina causative apiykirayku apiykikunarayku benefactive apiykipaq apiykikunapaq associative apiykipura apiykikunapura distributive apiykinka apiykikunanka exclusive apiykilla apiykikunalla paypa - third-person singular paypa (his/her/its) singular plural nominative apin apinkuna accusative apinta apinkunata dative apinman apinkunaman genitive apinpa apinkunap locative apinpi apinkunapi terminative apinkama apinkunakama ablative apinmanta apinkunamanta instrumental apinwan apinkunawan comitative apinintin apinkunantin abessive apinninnaq apinkunannaq comparative apinhina apinkunahina causative apinrayku apinkunarayku benefactive apinpaq apinkunapaq associative apinpura apinkunapura distributive apininka apinkunanka exclusive apinlla apinkunalla ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) singular plural nominative apinchik apinchikkuna accusative apinchikta apinchikkunata dative apinchikman apinchikkunaman genitive apinchikpa apinchikkunap locative apinchikpi apinchikkunapi terminative apinchikkama apinchikkunakama ablative apinchikmanta apinchikkunamanta instrumental apinchikwan apinchikkunawan comitative apinchiknintin apinchikkunantin abessive apinchikninnaq apinchikkunannaq comparative apinchikhina apinchikkunahina causative apinchikrayku apinchikkunarayku benefactive apinchikpaq apinchikkunapaq associative apinchikpura apinchikkunapura distributive apinchikninka apinchikkunanka exclusive apinchiklla apinchikkunalla ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural ñuqaykup (our(excl)) singular plural nominative apiyku apiykukuna accusative apiykuta apiykukunata dative apiykuman apiykukunaman genitive apiykupa apiykukunap locative apiykupi apiykukunapi terminative apiykukama apiykukunakama ablative apiykumanta apiykukunamanta instrumental apiykuwan apiykukunawan comitative apiykuntin apiykukunantin abessive apiykunnaq apiykukunannaq comparative apiykuhina apiykukunahina causative apiykurayku apiykukunarayku benefactive apiykupaq apiykukunapaq associative apiykupura apiykukunapura distributive apiykunka apiykukunanka exclusive apiykulla apiykukunalla qamkunap - second-person plural qamkunap (your(pl)) singular plural nominative apiykichik apiykichikkuna accusative apiykichikta apiykichikkunata dative apiykichikman apiykichikkunaman genitive apiykichikpa apiykichikkunap locative apiykichikpi apiykichikkunapi terminative apiykichikkama apiykichikkunakama ablative apiykichikmanta apiykichikkunamanta instrumental apiykichikwan apiykichikkunawan comitative apiykichiknintin apiykichikkunantin abessive apiykichikninnaq apiykichikkunannaq comparative apiykichikhina apiykichikkunahina causative apiykichikrayku apiykichikkunarayku benefactive apiykichikpaq apiykichikkunapaq associative apiykichikpura apiykichikkunapura distributive apiykichikninka apiykichikkunanka exclusive apiykichiklla apiykichikkunalla paykunap - third-person plural paykunap (their) singular plural nominative apinku apinkukuna accusative apinkuta apinkukunata dative apinkuman apinkukunaman genitive apinkupa apinkukunap locative apinkupi apinkukunapi terminative apinkukama apinkukunakama ablative apinkumanta apinkukunamanta instrumental apinkuwan apinkukunawan comitative apinkuntin apinkukunantin abessive apinkunnaq apinkukunannaq comparative apinkuhina apinkukunahina causative apinkurayku apinkukunarayku benefactive apinkupaq apinkukunapaq associative apinkupura apinkukunapura distributive apinkunka apinkukunanka exclusive apinkulla apinkukunalla

Sakizaya

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.ˈpi/, [a.ˈpi]

Noun

api

1. twins

Sasak

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

api

1. fire (oxidation reaction)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Tae'

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

api

1. fire (oxidation reaction)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Tagalog

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔaˈpi/ [ʔɐˈpi]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: a‧pi

Adjective

apí (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜉᜒ)

1. oppressed; maltreated

   Synonyms: siil, dusta, aba

2. aggrieved; taken advantage of

Derived terms

• api-apihan
• apihin
• inaapi
• kaapihan
• maapi
• mang-aapi
• mang-api
• mapang-api
• pag-api
• pagkaapi
• umapi

Anagrams

• ipa-, ipa

Tahitian

Verb

api

1. to be full

References

• Yves Lemaître, Lexique du tahitien contemporain (Current Tahitian lexicon), 1995.
• “api” in Dictionnaire en ligne Tahitien/Français (Online Tahitian–French Dictionary), by the Tahitian Academy.

Tausug

Etymology

From Malay api, from Proto-Malayic *api, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Pronunciation

• (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA^(key): /ʔapi/ [ʔɑˈpi]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: a‧pi

Noun

api (Sulat Sūg spelling اَفِ)

1. fire

   Synonym: kāyu

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Toba Batak

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

api

1. fire (oxidation reaction)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Tomini

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

api

1. fire

References

• Donald F. and Sharon G. Barr and C. Salombe, Languages of Central Sulawesi: checklist, preliminary classification, language maps, wordlists, Ujung Pandang: Hasanuddin University (1979), page 86
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Toraja-Sa'dan

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

Noun

api

1. fire (oxidation reaction)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sapuy”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *api.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈɑpi/, [ˈɑpʲi]
• Rhymes: -ɑpi
• Hyphenation: a‧pi

Noun

api

1. help, aid

Inflection

Declension of api (type II/võrkko, p-v gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	api	avid
genitive	avi	apijõ, apii
partitive	appia	apiitõ, apii
illative	appisõ, appi	apiisõ
inessive	aviz	apiiz
elative	avissõ	apiissõ
allative	avilõ	apiilõ
adessive	avillõ	apiillõ
ablative	aviltõ	apiiltõ
translative	avissi	apiissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

Descendants

• → Ingrian: api

References

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn