arg

See also: Arg, ARG, and Arg.

Translingual

Symbol

arg

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Aragonese.
2. (mathematics) The symbol for the argument function, which finds the polar angle of a complex number.

Usage notes

• (mathematics): The symbol arg is defined in ISO 80000-2:2019 to represent the principal value of the argument function. However, arg is often used to represent the multi-valued argument function, with Arg representing the principal value specifically.

English

Etymology 1

Shortening.

Noun

arg (plural args)

1. (programming, informal) An argument; a value passed as a parameter.

   The first arg needs to be an int.

Etymology 2

Noun

arg (uncountable)

1. Alternative form of arg. (“argent”)

Etymology 3

Interjection

arg

1. (informal) Expressing frustration or disappointment.

Anagrams

• GAR, Gra, RGA, Rag, gar, rag

Albanian

Alternative forms

• argull (Tosk), ergjëz (standard), ergjiz

Etymology

Arbëreshë; from Proto-Albanian *arga, from Proto-Indo-European *Horgʰi (compare Armenian ոջիլ (oǰil)).

Noun

arg m

1. (Arbëresh) nit

Danish

Etymology

From Old Danish argh, from Old Norse argr, from Proto-Germanic *argaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃orǵʰ-, *h₃erǵʰ- (“to copulate”).

Adjective

arg (neuter argt, plural and definite singular attributive arge)

1. fierce, stubborn, unyielding, ardent
2. (rare) bitter, bad, angry

References

• “arg” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “arg” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *arka, from Proto-Germanic *argaz. Compare German arg.

Adjective

arg (genitive ara, partitive arga, comparative arem, superlative kõige arem)

1. cowardly, shy

Declension

Declension of arg (ÕS type 22u/leib, g-ø gradation)

	singular	plural
nominative	arg	arad
accusative	ara	arad
genitive	ara	argade
partitive	arga	argu argasid
illative	arga arasse	argadesse arusse
inessive	aras	argades arus
elative	arast	argadest arust
allative	arale	argadele arule
adessive	aral	argadel arul
ablative	aralt	argadelt arult
translative	araks	argadeks aruks
terminative	arani	argadeni
essive	arana	argadena
abessive	arata	argadeta
comitative	araga	argadega
Notes	1) The long illative singular form with -sse is rarely used for this declension type.

German

Etymology

From Old High German arg, from Proto-Germanic *argaz. Compare Hunsrik aarich, Pennsylvania German arrig, Central Franconian ärch, and Dutch erg. Also etymologically linked is English eerie.

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Adjective

arg (strong nominative masculine singular arger, comparative ärger, superlative am ärgsten)

1. bad

   im Argen liegen ― to be in disorder

2. intense
3. wicked
4. disgusting

Usage notes

Capitalized Arg- with any ending other than -s is in fact the (nominalized) adjective arg, not the noun Arg.

Declension

Positive forms of arg

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist arg	sie ist arg	es ist arg	sie sind arg
strong declension (without article)	nominative	arger	arge	arges	arge
	genitive	argen	arger	argen	arger
	dative	argem	arger	argem	argen
	accusative	argen	arge	arges	arge
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der arge	die arge	das arge	die argen
	genitive	des argen	der argen	des argen	der argen
	dative	dem argen	der argen	dem argen	den argen
	accusative	den argen	die arge	das arge	die argen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein arger	eine arge	ein arges	(keine) argen
	genitive	eines argen	einer argen	eines argen	(keiner) argen
	dative	einem argen	einer argen	einem argen	(keinen) argen
	accusative	einen argen	eine arge	ein arges	(keine) argen

Comparative forms of arg

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist ärger	sie ist ärger	es ist ärger	sie sind ärger
strong declension (without article)	nominative	ärgerer	ärgere	ärgeres	ärgere
	genitive	ärgeren	ärgerer	ärgeren	ärgerer
	dative	ärgerem	ärgerer	ärgerem	ärgeren
	accusative	ärgeren	ärgere	ärgeres	ärgere
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der ärgere	die ärgere	das ärgere	die ärgeren
	genitive	des ärgeren	der ärgeren	des ärgeren	der ärgeren
	dative	dem ärgeren	der ärgeren	dem ärgeren	den ärgeren
	accusative	den ärgeren	die ärgere	das ärgere	die ärgeren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein ärgerer	eine ärgere	ein ärgeres	(keine) ärgeren
	genitive	eines ärgeren	einer ärgeren	eines ärgeren	(keiner) ärgeren
	dative	einem ärgeren	einer ärgeren	einem ärgeren	(keinen) ärgeren
	accusative	einen ärgeren	eine ärgere	ein ärgeres	(keine) ärgeren

Superlative forms of arg

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist am ärgsten	sie ist am ärgsten	es ist am ärgsten	sie sind am ärgsten
strong declension (without article)	nominative	ärgster	ärgste	ärgstes	ärgste
	genitive	ärgsten	ärgster	ärgsten	ärgster
	dative	ärgstem	ärgster	ärgstem	ärgsten
	accusative	ärgsten	ärgste	ärgstes	ärgste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der ärgste	die ärgste	das ärgste	die ärgsten
	genitive	des ärgsten	der ärgsten	des ärgsten	der ärgsten
	dative	dem ärgsten	der ärgsten	dem ärgsten	den ärgsten
	accusative	den ärgsten	die ärgste	das ärgste	die ärgsten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein ärgster	eine ärgste	ein ärgstes	(keine) ärgsten
	genitive	eines ärgsten	einer ärgsten	eines ärgsten	(keiner) ärgsten
	dative	einem ärgsten	einer ärgsten	einem ärgsten	(keinen) ärgsten
	accusative	einen ärgsten	eine ärgste	ein ärgstes	(keine) ärgsten

Related terms

• Arg
• ärgern
• Arglist
• arglistig
• arglos
• Argwohn
• argwöhnen
• argwöhnisch
• verargen

Further reading

• “arg” in Duden online
• “arg” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish orcaid.

Verb

arg (present analytic argann, future analytic argfaidh, verbal noun argain, past participle argtha)

1. (transitive) destroy, plunder

Conjugation

conjugation of arg (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	argaim	argann tú; argair†	argann sé, sí	argaimid	argann sibh	argann siad; argaid†	a argann; a argas / a n-argann*; a n-argas*	argtar
	past	d'arg mé; d'argas / arg mé‡; argas‡	d'arg tú; d'argais / arg tú; argais‡	d'arg sé, sí / arg sé, sí‡	d'argamar; d'arg muid / argamar; arg muid‡	d'arg sibh; d'argabhair / arg sibh; argabhair‡	d'arg siad; d'argadar / arg siad; argadar‡	a d'arg / ar arg*	argadh; hargadh†
	past habitual	d'argainn / argainn‡; n-argainn‡‡	d'argtá / argtá‡; n-argtᇇ	d'argadh sé, sí / argadh sé, sí‡; n-argadh sé, s퇇	d'argaimis; d'argadh muid / argaimis; argadh muid‡; n-argaimis‡‡; n-argadh muid‡‡	d'argadh sibh / argadh sibh‡; n-argadh sibh‡‡	d'argaidís; d'argadh siad / argaidís; argadh siad‡; n-argaidís‡‡; n-argadh siad‡‡	a d'argadh / a n-argadh*	d'argtaí / argtaí‡; n-argta퇇
	future	argfaidh mé; argfad	argfaidh tú; argfair†	argfaidh sé, sí	argfaimid; argfaidh muid	argfaidh sibh	argfaidh siad; argfaid†	a argfaidh; a argfas / a n-argfaidh*; a n-argfas*	argfar
conditional		d'argfainn / argfainn‡; n-argfainn‡‡	d'argfá / argfá‡; n-argfᇇ	d'argfadh sé, sí / argfadh sé, sí‡; n-argfadh sé, s퇇	d'argfaimis; d'argfadh muid / argfaimis‡; argfadh muid‡; n-argfaimis‡‡; n-argfadh muid‡‡	d'argfadh sibh / argfadh sibh‡; n-argfadh sibh‡‡	d'argfaidís; d'argfadh siad / argfaidís‡; argfadh siad‡; n-argfaidís‡‡; n-argfadh siad‡‡	a d'argfadh / a n-argfadh*	d'argfaí / argfaí‡; n-argfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go n-arga mé; go n-argad†	go n-arga tú; go n-argair†	go n-arga sé, sí	go n-argaimid; go n-arga muid	go n-arga sibh	go n-arga siad; go n-argaid†	—	go n-argtar
	past	dá n-argainn	dá n-argtá	dá n-argadh sé, sí	dá n-argaimis; dá n-argadh muid	dá n-argadh sibh	dá n-argaidís; dá n-argadh siad	—	dá n-argtaí
imperative		argaim	arg	argadh sé, sí	argaimis	argaigí; argaidh†	argaidís	—	argtar
verbal noun		argain
past participle		argtha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
arg	n-arg	harg	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “arg”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “oirgid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Middle English

Adjective

arg

1. Alternative form of argh

Old High German

Alternative forms

• arc, arga

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *argaz, whence also Old English earg, Old Norse argr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /arɣ/, /arɡ/

Adjective

arg

1. bad, wicked, godless
2. cowardly, honourless

Declension

Strong declension of arg

Singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argēr, arg	argiu, arg	argaz, arg
accusative	argan	arga	argaz
genitive	arges	argera	arges
dative	argemu	argeru	argemu
instrumental	argu	—	argu
Plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	arge, arg	argo, arg	argiu, arg
accusative	arge	argo	argiu
genitive	argero	argero	argero
dative	argēm	argēm	argēm

Weak declension of arg

Singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argo	arga	arga
accusative	argon	argūn	arga
genitive	argen	argūn	argen
dative	argen	argūn	argen
Plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argon	argūn	argon
accusative	argon	argūn	argon
genitive	argōno	argōno	argōno
dative	argōm	argōm	argōm

Declension of comparative of arg

Singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argōro	argōra	argōra
accusative	argōron	argōrūn	argōra
genitive	argōren	argōrūn	argōren
dative	argōren	argōrūn	argōren
Plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argōron	argōrūn	argōron
accusative	argōron	argōrūn	argōron
genitive	argōrōno	argōrōno	argōrōno
dative	argōrōm	argōrōm	argōrōm

Strong declension of superlative arg

Singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argōstēr, argōst	argōstiu, argōst	argōstaz, argōst
accusative	argōstan	argōsta	argōstaz
genitive	argōstes	argōstera	argōstes
dative	argōstemu	argōsteru	argōstemu
instrumental	argōstu	—	argōstu
Plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argōste, argōst	argōsto, argōst	argōstiu, argōst
accusative	argōste	argōsto	argōstiu
genitive	argōstero	argōstero	argōstero
dative	argōstēm	argōstēm	argōstēm

Weak declension of superlative arg

Singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argōsto	argōsta	argōsta
accusative	argōston	argōstūn	argōsta
genitive	argōsten	argōstūn	argōsten
dative	argōsten	argōstūn	argōsten
Plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argōston	argōstūn	argōston
accusative	argōston	argōstūn	argōston
genitive	argōstōno	argōstōno	argōstōno
dative	argōstōm	argōstōm	argōstōm

Derived terms

• argī

Descendants

• Middle High German: arc
  • Alemannic German: arg, arig

    Swabian: arg

  • Bavarian: oarg
  • Central Franconian: ärch, arch

    Hunsrik: aarich

  • German: arg
  • Luxembourgish: uerg
  • Rhine Franconian:

    Palatine German: aarich, arch, arich

    Pennsylvania German: arig, arrig

  • → Medieval Latin: arga

Further reading

• Joseph Wright, An Old High German Primer

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish argher, from Old Norse argr, from Proto-Germanic *argaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃orǵʰ-, *h₃erǵʰ- (“to copulate”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /arj/

• Audio

  (file)

Adjective

arg (comparative argare, superlative argast)

1. angry

   Elin blev mycket arg när hennes hund kissade i köket.

   Elin became very angry when her dog peed in the kitchen.

Declension

Inflection of arg
Indefinite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative2
Common singular	arg	argare	argast
Neuter singular	argt	argare	argast
Plural	arga	argare	argast
Masculine plural3	arge	argare	argast
Definite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Masculine singular1	arge	argare	argaste
All	arga	argare	argaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic

Synonyms

• vred
• ilsken

References

• arg in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• arg in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• arg in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *arka.

Adjective

arg

1. shy, timid

Declension

Inflection of arg (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing.	arg
genitive sing.	argan
partitive sing.	argad
partitive plur.	argoid
	singular	plural
nominative	arg	argad
accusative	argan	argad
genitive	argan	argoiden
partitive	argad	argoid
essive-instructive	argan	argoin
translative	argaks	argoikš
inessive	argas	argoiš
elative	argaspäi	argoišpäi
illative	argaha	argoihe
adessive	argal	argoil
ablative	argalpäi	argoilpäi
allative	argale	argoile
abessive	argata	argoita
comitative	arganke	argoidenke
prolative	argadme	argoidme
approximative I	arganno	argoidenno
approximative II	argannoks	argoidennoks
egressive	argannopäi	argoidennopäi
terminative I	argahasai	argoihesai
terminative II	argalesai	argoilesai
terminative III	argassai	—
additive I	argahapäi	argoihepäi
additive II	argalepäi	argoilepäi