had

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See also: -had and háð

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English hadde (preterite), yhad (past participle), from Old English hæfde (first and third person singular preterite), ġehæfd (past participle), from Proto-Germanic *habd-, past and past participle stem of *habjaną (“to have”), equivalent to have +‎ -ed. Cognate with Dutch had, German hatte, Swedish hade, Icelandic hafði.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /hæd/
  • (had to): IPA(key): /hæt/, IPA(key): /hæd/
  • Audio (GA)
    		(file)
  • Rhymes: -æd

Verb[edit]

had

  1. simple past tense and past participle of have.
  2. (auxiliary) Used to form the pluperfect tense, expressing a completed action in the past (with a past participle).
    • 2011 April 15, Ben Cooper, The Guardian, London:
      Cooper seems an odd choice, but imagine if they had taken MTV's advice and chosen Robert Pattinson?
  3. (auxiliary, now rare) As past subjunctive: would have.
    • 1499, John Skelton, The Bowge of Courte:
      To holde myne honde, by God, I had grete payne; / For forthwyth there I had him slayne, / But that I drede mordre wolde come oute […].
    • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 4, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:
      Julius Cæsar had escaped death, if going to the Senate-house, that day wherein he was murthered by the Conspirators, he had read a memorial which was presented unto him.
    • 1849, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, In Memoriam, 24:
      If all was good and fair we met, / This earth had been the Paradise / It never look’d to human eyes / Since our first Sun arose and set.

Derived terms[edit]

Adjective[edit]

had

  1. (informal) Duped.
    We've been had.
  2. (obsolete) Available.
    • 1485, William Caxton, The Preface to Le Morte d'Arthur:
      Which be not had in our maternal tongue.

Usage notes[edit]

Had, like that, is one of a very few words to be correctly used twice in succession in English, e.g. “He had had several operations previously.”

Related terms[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Afrikaans[edit]

Verb[edit]

had

  1. preterite of hê; had

Breton[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Celtic *satos, from *sh₁-tó-, past participle of Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“to sow”). Cognate with English seed.

Noun[edit]

had m (plural hadoù)

  1. (botany) seed

Central Cagayan Agta[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

had

  1. (interrogative) where

Czech[edit]

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology[edit]

From Old Czech had, from Proto-Slavic *gadъ.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

had m anim

  1. snake

Declension[edit]

Declension
singular plural
nominative had hadi, hadové
genitive hada hadů
dative hadovi, hadu hadům
accusative hada hady
vocative hade hadi, hadové
locative hadovi, hadu hadech
instrumental hadem hady

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • had in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • had in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Danish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse hatr, from Proto-Germanic *hataz, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂d- (“hate”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

had n (singular definite hadet, not used in plural form)

  1. hate, hatred

Related terms[edit]

Verb[edit]

had

  1. imperative of hade

Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

had

  1. singular past indicative of hebben

Hungarian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Hungarian hodu, from Proto-Ugric *kontə, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kunta.[1] Cognate with Finnish kunta.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

had (plural hadak)

  1. (military) army

Declension[edit]

Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative had hadak
accusative hadat hadakat
dative hadnak hadaknak
instrumental haddal hadakkal
causal-final hadért hadakért
translative haddá hadakká
terminative hadig hadakig
essive-formal hadként hadakként
essive-modal — —
inessive hadban hadakban
superessive hadon hadakon
adessive hadnál hadaknál
illative hadba hadakba
sublative hadra hadakra
allative hadhoz hadakhoz
elative hadból hadakból
delative hadról hadakról
ablative hadtól hadaktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		hadé hadaké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		hadéi hadakéi
Possessive forms of had
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. hadam hadaim
2nd person sing. hadad hadaid
3rd person sing. hada hadai
1st person plural hadunk hadaink
2nd person plural hadatok hadaitok
3rd person plural haduk hadaik

Derived terms[edit]

Compound words

References[edit]

  1. ^ Róna-Tas, András; Berta, Árpád; Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), volume II, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, page 1277

Further reading[edit]

  • had in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.

Jersey Dutch[edit]

Verb[edit]

had

  1. had
    • 1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:
      En kääd'l had twî jongers; […]
      A man had two sons. […]

Matal[edit]

Verb[edit]

had

  1. to walk, go
    Kamkam, kahad à Urusalima aw! (Sləray 21:21)[1]
    Don't go to Jerusalem! (Acts 21:12)

References[edit]

  1. ^ http://listen.bible.is/MFHWYI/Acts/21

Middle English[edit]

Noun[edit]

had

  1. Alternative form of hod

Old Czech[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *gadъ.

Noun[edit]

had m

  1. snake

Declension[edit]

Declension (pattern had)
singular dual plural
nominative had hady, hada hadi, hadové (hadoví), hadie (hadí), hady
genitive hada, hadu hadú (hadou) hadóv (haduov, hadů), had
dative hadu, hadovi hadoma, hadama hadóm (haduom, hadům)
accusative had, hada hady, hada hadi, hadové (hadoví), hadie (hadí), hady
vocative hade hady, hada hadi, hadové (hadoví), hadie (hadí), hady
locative hadě (hade), hadu, hadovi hadú (hadou) hadích, hadiech, hadech, hadách
instrumental hadem hadoma, hadama hady, hadmi, hadami

Descendants[edit]

  • Czech: had

Further reading[edit]

  • “had”, in Vokabulář webový: webové hnízdo pramenů k poznání historické češtiny [online]‎[1], Praha: Ústav pro jazyk český AV ČR, 2006–2020

Old English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *haiduz (“state, condition, rank, person”). Akin to Old Norse heiðr (“dignity, honor”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍃 (haidus, “manner”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

hād m (nominative plural hādas)

  1. person, individual
  2. a character
    • c. 1011, Byrhtferth, Manual
      Þonne se sċop inn ġebringþ ōðre hādas þe wiþ hine wordliġen swelċe hīe him andswariġen, þonne biþ sēo ġesetnes "ġemǣne" oþþe "ġemenġed" ġeċīeġed.
      When the poet introduces other characters who talk to him as if they're answering him, the composition is called "common" or "mixed."
  3. individuality
  4. rank, status
  5. a person of the Trinity
    • 10th century, Ælfric, "Of the Catholic Faith"
      Nis se Fæder āna Þrīnes, oþþe se Sunu Þrīnes, oþþe se Hālga Gāst Þrīnes, ac þās þrī hādas sind ān god on ānre godcundnesse.
      The Trinity is not the Father alone, or the Son, or the Holy Spirit; these three persons are one god in one godhead.
  6. honor, dignity
  7. office (esp religious)
  8. state, condition; nature, manner
  9. gender
    • 10th century, Ælfric, "On the Nativity of the Holy Virgins"
      Sēo ġelaðung is ġegaderod of ǣġðres hādes mannum, þæt is, werhādes and wīfhādes.
      The church is gathered from people of each gender, that is, the male sex and the female sex.
  10. (grammar) grammatical person
    • c. 995, Ælfric, Excerptiones de Arte Grammatica Anglice
      Þrī hādas sind worda. Se forma hād is þe spricþ be him selfum ānum ("iċ seċġe", oþþe mid ōðrum mannum on maniġfealdum ġetæle, "wē seċġaþ"). Se ōðer hād is þe se forma spricþ tō ("þū sæġst", oþþe maniġfealdlīċe "ġē seċġaþ"). Se þridda hād is be þǣm þe se forma hād spricþ tō þǣm ōðrum hāde ("hē sæġþ", oþþe maniġfealdlīċe "hīe seċġaþ").
      Verbs have three persons. The first person talks about himself alone ("I say", or with other people in the plural, "we say"). The second person is whoever the first person talks to ("you say", or in the plural "y'all say"). The third person is whoever the first person talks about to the second person ("he says", or in the plural "they say").
  11. race; kindred, family; tribe, group
  12. choir

Declension[edit]

Declension of had (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative hād hādas
accusative hād hādas
genitive hādes hāda
dative hāde hādum

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Slovak[edit]

Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sk

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *gadъ.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

had m (genitive singular hada, nominative plural hady, genitive plural hadov, declension pattern of dub)

  1. snake, serpent

Declension[edit]

Declension of had
singular plural
nominative had hady
genitive hada hadov
dative hadovi hadom
accusative hada hady
locative hadovi hadoch
instrumental hadom hadmi

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • had in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk

Turkish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Arabic حَدّ‎ (ḥadd).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

had (definite accusative haddi, plural hadler)

  1. limit
  2. boundary

Declension[edit]

Inflection
Nominative had
Definite accusative haddi
Singular Plural
Nominative had hadler
Definite accusative haddi hadleri
Dative hadde hadlere
Locative hadde hadlerde
Ablative hadden hadlerden
Genitive haddin hadlerin

Upper Sorbian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *gadъ.

Noun[edit]

had m

  1. snake, serpent

Welsh[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Celtic *sato-, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₁-tó-, past participle of *seh₁- (“to sow”). Cognate with English seed.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

had m pl or m sg (singulative hedyn, plural hadau)

  1. seed, seeds (collectively)
  2. semen, sperm

Related terms[edit]

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