sake

See also: Sake, saké, sakė, and sa kê

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English sake (“sake, cause”), from Old English sacu (“cause, lawsuit, legal action, complaint, issue, dispute”), from Proto-Germanic *sakō (“affair, thing, charge, accusation, matter”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂g- (“to investigate”). Akin to West Frisian saak (“cause; business”), Low German Saak, Dutch zaak (“matter; cause; business”), German Sache (“thing; matter; cause; legal cause”), Danish sag, Swedish and Norwegian sak, Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌺𐌾𐍉 (sakjō, “dispute, argument”), Old English sōcn (“inquiry, prosecution”), Old English sēcan (“to seek”). More at soke, soken, seek.

Pronunciation

• enPR: sāk, IPA^(key): /seɪk/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪk

Noun

sake (plural sakes)

1. cause, interest or account

   For the sake of argument

2. purpose or end; reason

   For old times' sake

3. the benefit or regard of someone or something
   • 1897, Winston Churchill, chapter 1, in The Celebrity‎^[1]:

     When I gave a dinner there was generally a cover laid for him. I liked the man for his own sake, and even had he promised to turn out a celebrity it would have had no weight with me.

   • 2005, Plato, Sophist. Translation by Lesley Brown. 242a-b.

     But it will be for your sake that we'll undertake to refute this thesis, […]

4. (obsolete except in phrases) contention, strife; guilt, sin, accusation or charge
   • And unto Adam He said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life. — Genesis 3:17

Usage notes

• The word sake is generally used in constructions of the form "for X's sake" or "for the sake of X", where X is a noun (see the quotations above, for sake of, and for the sake of).

• Garner's Modern American Usage notes it is common to write an apostrophe rather than apostrophe–ess in this construction when the noun ends in an /s/ or /z/ sound: for appearance' sake, for goodness' sake.

Derived terms

• keepsake
• namesake
• sackless

 

Related terms

• for Christ's sake
• for fuck's sake
• for God's sake
• for goodness' sake
• for heaven's sake
• forsake
• for sake of
• for the sake of
• for the sake of it
• land sakes
• withsake

 

Translations

cause, interest or account

• Arabic: غاية (ḡāya),غَرَض (ḡaraḍ), قَصْد (qaṣd),مَصْلَحَة (maṣlaḥa)
• Danish: skyld c
• Finnish: syy (fi) (cause), kanta (fi) (account), tähden (fi) (for the sake of)
• Italian: causa (it) f
• Khmer: ប្រយោជន៍ (km) (prɑyaoc)
• Latin: gratias (la) f, grātia (la) f
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Mirandese: please add this translation if you can
• Portuguese: causa (pt) f, causa (pt), interesse (pt)
• Russian: причи́на (ru) f (pričína)
• Spanish: causa (es) f, gracia (es) f
• Tamil: please add this translation if you can
• Telugu: please add this translation if you can

purpose or end; reason

• Catalan: please add this translation if you can
• Danish: skyld c
• Dutch: -halve (nl), wille (nl)
• Finnish: kunnia (fi) (usually kunniaksi "for _'s sake")
• Khmer: ប្រយោជន៍ (km) (prɑyaoc)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Latin: grātia (la) f
• Portuguese: razão (pt) f, motivo (pt) m
• Russian: причи́на (ru) f (pričína), моти́в (ru) m (motív), цель (ru) f (celʹ)
• Spanish: razón (es) f, motivo (es) m , gracia (es) f
• Walloon: idêye (wa) f, såme (wa) m

benefit

• Danish: skyld c
• Finnish: etu (fi), paras (fi) (olla parhaaksi "be for one's sake")
• Khmer: ប្រយោជន៍ (km) (prɑyaoc)
• Latin: grātia (la) f
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Portuguese: bem (pt) m, benefício (pt)
• Russian: бла́го (ru) n (blágo)
• Spanish: bien (es) m , gracia (es) f

contention, strife; guilt

• Latin: gratia (la) f
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Spanish: gracia (es) f

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Danish: skyld
• Dutch: belang (nl) n, wil (nl) m
• German: Willen (de) m
• Icelandic: í þágu
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Norwegian: skyld f
• Portuguese: causa (pt) f
• Welsh: ^{(please verify)} mwyn (cy)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese 酒 (sake, “rice wine; any alcoholic drink”), with pronunciation possibly influenced by Okinawan 酒 (saki).

Alternative forms

• saké, saki

Pronunciation

• enPR: säkā, IPA^(key): /sɑːkeɪ/
  • Rhymes: -ɑːkeɪ
• enPR: säkē, IPA^(key): /sɑːki/
  • Rhymes: -ɑːki

Noun

sake (countable and uncountable, plural sakes)

2. (countable and uncountable) rice wine, a Japanese alcoholic beverage made from rice

   Synonym: rice wine

Translations

Japanese rice wine

• Afrikaans: please add this translation if you can
• Ainu: サケ (sake)
• Arabic: سَاكِي (ar) m (sākī)
• Armenian: սակե (sake)
• Belarusian: сакэ́ n (saké)
• Bengali: সাকে (śake)
• Bulgarian: саке n (sake)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 清酒 (zh) (qīngjiǔ), 日本酒 (rìběnjiǔ)

• Danish: sake (da) c
• Dutch: sake (nl) m
• Esperanto: sakeo
• Finnish: sake (fi)
• French: saké (fr) m
• Georgian: საკე (saḳe)
• German: Sake (de) m
• Greek: σάκε (el) (sáke)
• Hebrew: סָאקֶה (he) (sake)
• Hungarian: szaké
• Icelandic: hrísgrjónavín n, sake n
• Ido: sakeo (io)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Indonesian: sake (id)
• Italian: sakè m
• Japanese: 酒 (ja) (sake), 日本酒 (ja) (nihonshu), 清酒 (seishu)
• Javanese: sake
• Korean: 일본주 (ilbonju) (日本酒), 술 (ko) (sul)
• Lithuanian: sakė (lt)
• Macedonian: са́ке n (sáke)
• Malay: sake
• Norwegian: sake (no) m
• Okinawan: 大和酒 (yamatujaki)
• Persian: ساکی (fa) (sâki)
• Polish: sake (pl) n
• Portuguese: saqué (pt) m (Portugal), saquê (pt) m (Brazil)
• Russian: сакэ́ n (sakɛ́), саке́ (ru) n (sakɛ́)
• Spanish: sake (es)
• Swedish: sake (sv)
• Tagalog: sake
• Thai: สาเก (th) (săa-gay)
• Turkish: sake (tr)
• Ukrainian: саке́ n (saké)
• Vietnamese: sake (vi)

See also

• awamori
• shochu

Anagrams

• Kase, akes, aske, keas, kesa, seak

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Dutch

Alternative forms

• saké, saki

Etymology

From Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsaː.keː/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: sa‧ke

Noun

sake m (uncountable)

1. sake (Japanese rice wine)

   Hypernyms: rijstbier, rijstwijn

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Finnish

Etymology

From Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

Noun

sake

1. sake (Japanese rice wine)

Declension

Inflection of sake (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation)
nominative		sake	saket
genitive		saken	sakejen
partitive		sakea	sakeja
illative		sakeen	sakeihin
		singular	plural
nominative		sake	saket
accusative	nom.	sake	saket
	gen.	saken
genitive		saken	sakejen sakeinrare
partitive		sakea	sakeja
inessive		sakessa	sakeissa
elative		sakesta	sakeista
illative		sakeen	sakeihin
adessive		sakella	sakeilla
ablative		sakelta	sakeilta
allative		sakelle	sakeille
essive		sakena	sakeina
translative		sakeksi	sakeiksi
abessive		saketta	sakeitta
instructive		—	sakein
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of sake (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative sakeni sakeni accusative nom. sakeni sakeni gen. sakeni genitive sakeni sakejeni sakeinirare partitive sakeani sakejani inessive sakessani sakeissani elative sakestani sakeistani illative sakeeni sakeihini adessive sakellani sakeillani ablative sakeltani sakeiltani allative sakelleni sakeilleni essive sakenani sakeinani translative sakekseni sakeikseni abessive sakettani sakeittani instructive — — comitative — sakeineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative sakesi sakesi accusative nom. sakesi sakesi gen. sakesi genitive sakesi sakejesi sakeisirare partitive sakeasi sakejasi inessive sakessasi sakeissasi elative sakestasi sakeistasi illative sakeesi sakeihisi adessive sakellasi sakeillasi ablative sakeltasi sakeiltasi allative sakellesi sakeillesi essive sakenasi sakeinasi translative sakeksesi sakeiksesi abessive sakettasi sakeittasi instructive — — comitative — sakeinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative sakemme sakemme accusative nom. sakemme sakemme gen. sakemme genitive sakemme sakejemme sakeimmerare partitive sakeamme sakejamme inessive sakessamme sakeissamme elative sakestamme sakeistamme illative sakeemme sakeihimme adessive sakellamme sakeillamme ablative sakeltamme sakeiltamme allative sakellemme sakeillemme essive sakenamme sakeinamme translative sakeksemme sakeiksemme abessive sakettamme sakeittamme instructive — — comitative — sakeinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative sakenne sakenne accusative nom. sakenne sakenne gen. sakenne genitive sakenne sakejenne sakeinnerare partitive sakeanne sakejanne inessive sakessanne sakeissanne elative sakestanne sakeistanne illative sakeenne sakeihinne adessive sakellanne sakeillanne ablative sakeltanne sakeiltanne allative sakellenne sakeillenne essive sakenanne sakeinanne translative sakeksenne sakeiksenne abessive sakettanne sakeittanne instructive — — comitative — sakeinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative sakensa sakensa accusative nom. sakensa sakensa gen. sakensa genitive sakensa sakejensa sakeinsarare partitive sakeaan sakeansa sakejaan sakejansa inessive sakessaan sakessansa sakeissaan sakeissansa elative sakestaan sakestansa sakeistaan sakeistansa illative sakeensa sakeihinsa adessive sakellaan sakellansa sakeillaan sakeillansa ablative sakeltaan sakeltansa sakeiltaan sakeiltansa allative sakelleen sakellensa sakeilleen sakeillensa essive sakenaan sakenansa sakeinaan sakeinansa translative sakekseen sakeksensa sakeikseen sakeiksensa abessive sakettaan sakettansa sakeittaan sakeittansa instructive — — comitative — sakeineen sakeinensa

Anagrams

• eksa-, seka-

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Hausa

Noun

sàkē m (possessed form sàken)

1. slackness

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Indonesian

Etymology

From Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.ke/
• Hyphenation: sa‧ké

Noun

sake (first-person possessive sakeku, second-person possessive sakemu, third-person possessive sakenya)

1. sake (Japanese rice wine)

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Japanese

Romanization

sake

1. Rōmaji transcription of さけ
2. Rōmaji transcription of サケ

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Kapampangan

Verb

sake

1. to board, to embark, to ride

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Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *saka, from Proto-Germanic *sakō.

Noun

sāke f

1. case, matter, affair
2. thing
3. cause, reason

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: zaak
• Limburgish: zaak

Further reading

• “sake”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “sake”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

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Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• 𑀲𑀓𑁂 (Brahmi script)
• सके (Devanagari script)
• সকে (Bengali script)
• සකෙ (Sinhalese script)
• သကေ or သၵေ (Burmese script)
• สเก or สะเก (Thai script)
• ᩈᨠᩮ (Tai Tham script)
• ສເກ or ສະເກ (Lao script)
• សកេ (Khmer script)
• 𑄥𑄇𑄬 (Chakma script)

Adjective

sake

1. inflection of saka (“one's own”):
   1. masculine/neuter locative singular
   2. masculine accusative plural
   3. feminine vocative singular

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Polish

Etymology

From Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsa.kɛ/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

sake n (indeclinable)

1. sake (Japanese rice wine)

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Portuguese

Alternative forms

• saquê, saqué

Etymology

From Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

Noun

sake m (plural sakes)

1. sake (Japanese rice wine)

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:saquê.

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Spanish

Etymology

From Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsake/ [ˈsa.ke]
• Homophone: saque

Noun

sake m (plural sakes)

1. sake (Japanese rice wine)